Observational Assessment of Pre-Analytical Errors in Request Format and Phlebotomy Practice in Hematology Tests at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia

Bedasa Addisu,1 Amanuel Kelem,2 Agete Tadewos Hirigo3 1Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Amhara, Ethiopia; 2Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Asrat Woldeyes Health Science Campus, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia; 3School of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Bedasa Addisu, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Berhan University, PO Box 445, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia, Tel +251912496933, Email [email protected]: The significance of quality in laboratories necessitates the implementation of comprehensive quality management throughout the entire laboratory process, encompassing the pre-analytical to post-analytical phases. The pre-analytical phase, which plays a crucial role in laboratory services, is particularly significant, as it is responsible for approximately 70% of errors. Enhancing the quality of the pre-analytical phase is essential to ensure the effectiveness of laboratory services and safeguard patient safety.Objective: The objective of this study was to assess errors made in the request format and phlebotomy procedures during the collection of blood samples for hematology laboratory tests between April and June 2019.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out at Hawassa University College of Medicine and Health Sciences on 393 samples with their respective request forms. The study employed a systematic sampling technique and utilized well-structured checklists to gather all the necessary data for hematology laboratory tests, including a thorough evaluation of the requested form. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 21.Results: A total of 393 hematological samples from their respective request forms were analyzed in this study. Generally, the request forms did not contain all the necessary information, and each form had at least one error. The study also revealed the occurrence of pre-analytical errors in phlebotomy practice. These errors included prolonged tourniquet application (26.2%), improper identification (22.9%), inadequate cleaning of the vein puncture site (62.8%), unsafe needle removal and blood transfer to test tubes (6.6%), and improper mixing of collected blood samples (41.5%).Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed a substantial occurrence of pre-analytical errors in the hematology laboratory department. Therefore, it is crucial to prioritize the correct execution and utilization of phlebotomy procedures as well as request format to enhance quality assurance in hematology laboratory units.Keywords: pre-analytical errors, phlebotomy practices, laboratory quality managemen

Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of Euterpe oleracea Mart., Arecaceae, oil

The oil of the fruits of Euterpe oleracea Mart., Arecaceae (OEO), was evaluated in models of inflammation and hyperalgesia in vivo to study its effects on these conditions. The experimental models contained the writhing test in mice, rat paw edema, granuloma test in rats, vascular permeability in rats, cell migration to the peritoneal cavity in rats and ear erythema induced by croton oil in mice. Doses of 500, 1000 and 1500 mg/kg of OEO were administered orally. The observed number of writhes was inhibited by 33.67, 45.88 and 55.58%, respectively. OEO produced a dose-dependent effect, with linear correlation coefficient R=0.99 (y=0.0219x+23.133), and the median effective dose found was 1226.8 mg/kg. The oral administration of 1226.8 mg/kg of OEO inhibited carrageenan-induced edema by 29.18% (p<0.05) when compared to the control group. The daily administration of OEO for six days inhibited the formation of granulomatous tissue by 36.66% (p<0.01). In ear erythema induced by croton oil, OEO presented a significant inhibition (37.9%). In the vascular permeability test, treatment with OEO decreased the response to histamine, inhibiting vascular permeability by 54.16%. In carrageenan-induced peritonitis, OEO reduced the number of neutrophils migrating compared to the control group by 80.14%. These results suggested that OEO has anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities, probably of peripheral origin and linked to prostaglandin biosynthesis inhibition

ESTUDO PRELIMINAR DA ATIVIDADE PROTETORA SOLAR DE ESPÉCIES VEGETAIS DA BIODIVERSIDADE AMAPAENSE

Introdu&ccedil;&atilde;o eobjetivos: Exposi&ccedil;&otilde;es intensasaos raios ultravioletas causam danos irrepar&aacute;veis ao organismo. Ent&atilde;o, h&aacute;necessidade de se proteger contra a exposi&ccedil;&atilde;o excessiva ao sol, com o uso deprodutos fotoprotetores podendo ser de origem qu&iacute;mica, f&iacute;sica e natural, ques&atilde;o capazes de diminuir a quantidade de radia&ccedil;&atilde;o ultravioleta que atinge a pelehumana. Esta pesquisa estudou a pot&ecirc;ncia protetora solar de Calophyllum brasiliense, Coronopusdidymus e Ptychopetalum olacoides,atrav&eacute;s da espectrofotometria in vitrona regi&atilde;o UVB. &nbsp;Metodologia: Os extratos fluidos das cascas e folhas foramanalisados em espectrofot&ocirc;metro com varreduras na faixa de 290 a 320nm comintervalos de 5nm, o di&oacute;xido de Tit&acirc;nio foi o padr&atilde;o e como branco o &aacute;lcoolet&iacute;lico absoluto PA, sendo realizado em triplicata. &nbsp;&nbsp;Resultados e discuss&otilde;es: Os valores das absorb&acirc;nciasforam: C. brasiliense (0,13), C. didymus (0,05), P. olacoides (0,03). O c&aacute;lculo do FPS foi efetuado de acordo com om&eacute;todo in vitro2, obtendo-se os respectivos valores: FPS=2, FPS=1,FPS=1. Para an&aacute;lise estat&iacute;stica foi utilizado an&aacute;lise de vari&acirc;ncia, seguida doteste de Tukey. Resultados com p &lt; 0.05 foram considerados significativos.Dentre as esp&eacute;cies, somente a C.brasiliense apresentou FPS=2, que est&aacute; de acordo com a resolu&ccedil;&atilde;o da ANVISA(2002)1. Conclus&otilde;es: A C. brasiliense &eacute; uma esp&eacute;cie promissora paraser utilizada como filtro solar natural, desde que mais investigada