Evapotranspiration Prediction Using M5T Data Mining Method

Evapotranspiration (ET) estimation takes an important role in hydraulic designs and irrigation management. Even these imperative importance ET estimation methods are not clear and easily employable enough. This study focused on M5T data mining method to estimate ET due this method is in use for nonlinear physical cases. 1543 daily Solar Radiation (SR), Air Temperature (AT), Relative Humidity (RH) and Wind Speed (U) meteorological parameters are used to create a M5T model. 1153 daily data is used for training the model and 385 left data is used for testing model results. Data set is taken from St. Johns, Florida, USA weather station.The correlation coefficient (R) is calculated as 0.983 for the M5T. Model results are compared with Turc empirical formula and it is found that M5T data mining method has better performance than Turc empirical formula

The Evaluation of the Effects of Different Patient Information Strategy on Self-Performed Oral Hygiene in a Group of Turkish Population

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different patient information strategy on self-performed oral hygiene in a short and intermediate time period in a group of Turkish population. The study population consisted of 105 patient at the same socio-economical level and divided into three groups: Group I, who were not attended any program, group II, who attended only one explanatory session about oral hygiene, and group III, who attended a comprehensive education and motivation session. In order to evaluate the methodology applied, the Quigley-IIcin's plaque index (PI, according to Quigley-1 Icin, 1962) and gingival bleeding index (GI, according to Loc and Silness, 1963) were calculated. All these patients' teeth were scaled at the start of the study. These parameters were determined at die initial and after 1st week, 1st and 3rd and 6th months. The results demonstrated a significant improvement in the PI and GI scores following die use of motivation and education program in the 1st week and 1st month (p<0.01). The level of oral hygiene and gingival health achieved at the fist month was not observed in all 3 groups in the 3rd and 6th months. We found that the comprehensive session used here has also been effective in improving the oral hygiene and reducing the gingival inflammation in the 6" month (p<0.01). In conclusion, the data presented in this paper indicated that the education and motivation program with visual and demonstrated may be suitable alternative program improving the oral hygiene and reducing the gingival inflammation.The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different patient information strategy on self-performed oral hygiene in a short and intermediate time period in a group of Turkish population. The study population consisted of 105 patient at the same socio-economical level and divided into three groups: Group I, who were not attended any program, group II, who attended only one explanatory session about oral hygiene, and group III, who attended a comprehensive education and motivation session. In order to evaluate the methodology applied, the Quigley-IIcin's plaque index (PI, according to Quigley-1 Icin, 1962) and gingival bleeding index (GI, according to Loc and Silness, 1963) were calculated. All these patients' teeth were scaled at the start of the study. These parameters were determined at die initial and after 1st week, 1st and 3rd and 6th months. The results demonstrated a significant improvement in the PI and GI scores following die use of motivation and education program in the 1st week and 1st month (p<0.01). The level of oral hygiene and gingival health achieved at the fist month was not observed in all 3 groups in the 3rd and 6th months. We found that the comprehensive session used here has also been effective in improving the oral hygiene and reducing the gingival inflammation in the 6" month (p<0.01). In conclusion, the data presented in this paper indicated that the education and motivation program with visual and demonstrated may be suitable alternative program improving the oral hygiene and reducing the gingival inflammation

Forecasting of Suspended Sediment in Rivers Using Artificial Neural Networks Approach

Suspended sediment estimation is important to the water resources management and water quality problem. In this article, artificial neural networks (ANN), M5tree (M5T) approaches and statistical approaches such as Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), Sediment Rating Curves (SRC) are used for estimation daily suspended sediment concentration from daily temperature of water and streamflow in river. These daily datas were measured at Iowa station in US. These prediction aproaches are compared to each other according to three statistical criteria, namely, mean square errors (MSE), mean absolute relative error (MAE) and correlation coefficient (R). When the results are compared ANN approach have better forecasts suspended sediment than the other estimation methods

Lithium intoxication related multiple temporary ecg changes: A case report

Lithium is a widely used mood stabilizer, which may cause cardiac side effects. In this article, we present the case of a 39-year-old woman who had presented with pre-syncope and developed multiple ECG abnormalities that are caused by lithium intoxication and are disappeared after hemodialysis

The effect of an exercise program in conjunction with short-period patellar taping on pain, electromyogram activity, and muscle strength in patellofemoral pain syndrome

Background: McConnell recommended that patellar tape be kept on all day, until patients learn how to activate their vastus medialis obliquus (VMO) during an exercise program. This application may pose problems because prolonged taping may be inadvisable for some patients or even contraindicated owing to skin discomfort, irritation, or allergic reaction. Hypothesis: Wearing patellofemoral tape for a shorter duration during an exercise program would be just as beneficial as a prolonged taping application. Study Design: Prospective cohort. Methods: Twelve patients and 16 healthy people participated. Patients underwent short-period patellar taping plus an exercise program for 3 months. Numeric pain rating, muscle strength of the knee extensors, and electromyogram activity of the vastus lateralis and VMO were evaluated. Results: There were significant differences in electromyogram activity (P=.04) and knee extensor muscle strength (P=.03) between involved and uninvolved sides before treatment. After treatment, pain scores decreased, and there were no significant differences between involved and uninvolved sides in electromyogram activity (P=.68) and knee extensor strength (P=.62). Before treatment, mean VMO activation started significantly later than that of vastus lateralis, as compared with the matched healthy control group (P=.01). After treatment, these differences were nonsignificant (P=.08). Conclusion: Short-period patellar taping plus an exercise program improves VMO and vastus lateralis activation. Clinical Relevance: A shorter period of taping for the exercise program may be as beneficial as a prolonged taping application. © 2009 The Author(s)

Burnout among surgeons before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: an international survey

Background: SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had many significant impacts within the surgical realm, and surgeons have been obligated to reconsider almost every aspect of daily clinical practice. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study reported in compliance with the CHERRIES guidelines and conducted through an online platform from June 14th to July 15th, 2020. The primary outcome was the burden of burnout during the pandemic indicated by the validated Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure. Results: Nine hundred fifty-four surgeons completed the survey. The median length of practice was 10 years; 78.2% included were male with a median age of 37 years old, 39.5% were consultants, 68.9% were general surgeons, and 55.7% were affiliated with an academic institution. Overall, there was a significant increase in the mean burnout score during the pandemic; longer years of practice and older age were significantly associated with less burnout. There were significant reductions in the median number of outpatient visits, operated cases, on-call hours, emergency visits, and research work, so, 48.2% of respondents felt that the training resources were insufficient. The majority (81.3%) of respondents reported that their hospitals were included in the management of COVID-19, 66.5% felt their roles had been minimized; 41% were asked to assist in non-surgical medical practices, and 37.6% of respondents were included in COVID-19 management. Conclusions: There was a significant burnout among trainees. Almost all aspects of clinical and research activities were affected with a significant reduction in the volume of research, outpatient clinic visits, surgical procedures, on-call hours, and emergency cases hindering the training. Trial registration: The study was registered on clicaltrials.gov "NCT04433286" on 16/06/2020

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

The Effects of Internet Usage and GDP on Electricity Consumption: The Case of Turkey

Bu çalışma Türkiye için 1994-2014 dönemi yıllık zaman serisi verilerini kullanarak elektrik tüketimi, GSYH ve internet kullanımı arasındaki ilişkileri göstermeyi amaçlamaktadır. İnternet kullanımı bilgiye erişimde en hızlı yollardan biri olduğu için, elektrik tüketimine etkisi de ekonomik büyüme açısından büyük öneme sahiptir. Bu amaç yönelik olarak ARDL sınır testi uygulanmış ve değişkenler arasında eşbütünleşme ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir. Ardından seçilen ARDL modelinden kısa ve uzun dönem katsayıları tahmin edilmiştir. Sonuçlar hem uzun hem de kısa dönemde Türkiye'de internet kullanımı ve GSYH'nin elektrik tüketimi üzerindepozitif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı etkilerinin olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca gecikmeli hata düzeltme katsayısı, uzun dönem ilişkisini onaylayacak şekilde negatif işaretli olarak bulunmuştur. Ancak, bukatsayı -1 ile -2 arasında yeraldığından uzun dönem dengesinin dalgalanarak azalan bir biçimde sağlandığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Sonuç olarak Türkiye için enerji koruma politikaları önerilmiştirThis paper aims to reveal the connection between electricity use growth, GDP growth and the growth in the number of internet users for Turkey with the time series data covering 1994-2014. Since internet usage is one of the quickest ways of accessing information, its effects on electricity consumption has great importance in respect to economic growth. In line with this purpose, we implement ARDL bounds test for cointegration and find long-run relationship between the variables. Then, we estimate the long-run and the short-run coefficients from the selected ARDL model. Accordingly, growth in the number of internet users and GDP growth have positive and statistically significant effects on electricity use growth in Turkey both in the short-run and the long-run. Also, the coefficient of lagged error correction term is found negative, which validates the long-run relationship. Since the coefficient, however, found between -1 and -2, it is concluded that the longrun equilibrium is achieved in a decreasing fluctuating form. Consequently, we recommend energy conversation policies for Turke

Novel nonsense mutation in UNC80 in a Turkish patient further validates the sociable skill and severe gastrointestinal problems as part of disease spectrum

NALCN channelosome complex contributes to maintaining resting membrane potential. The complex has four domains including two intracellular domains (UNC79 and UNC80), one transmembrane domain (NALCN) and one extracellular domain (FAM155A). Mutations in UNC80 were previously linked to infantile hypotonia with psychomotor retardation and characteristics facies 2. A 6-year-old male with neurodevelopmental disorder was referred for clinical exome sequencing. Sanger sequencing was conducted for variant confirmation and segregation analysis. The index had severe to profound neurodevelopmental delay, progressive failure to thrive, severe constipation and reflux, and sociable skills. Trio exome sequencing identified a homozygous c.6495G > A change causing p.Trp2165Ter in UNC80 in the proband. The variant was novel and predicted to be deleterious. We reported a novel nonsense mutation in UNC80. Our case also established the association between, and sociable skills and severe gastrointestinal problems