Introduction to a Special Issue on the Impact of Immigrant Legalization Initiatives: International Perspectives on Immigration and the World of Work

This article is the third in a series to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the ILR Review. The series features articles that analyze the state of research and future directions for important themes the journal has featured over its many years of publication. In this issue, we also feature a special cluster of articles and book reviews on one of the most critical labor market issues across the globe—the legalization and integration of immigrants into national labor markets. Despite the urgent need for immigration reform in the United States, there is a paucity of US research that looks at the impact of a shift from unauthorized to legal immigrant status in the workplace. The US immigration literature has also paid little attention to immigrant legalization policies outside of the United States, despite the fact that other countries have implemented such policies with far more regularity. The articles in this special issue draw on studies of legalization initiatives in major immigrant destinations: Canada, Italy, and the United Kingdom. Together they underscore the importance of cross-national perspectives for understanding the range of legalization programs and their impact on immigrant workers, the workplace, and the labor market. These findings contribute to key questions in migration scholarship and inform the global policy debate surrounding the integration and well-being of immigrant

The unique chemistry of Eastern Mediterranean water masses selects for distinct microbial communities by depth

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Community and Cultural Responsivity: Climate Change Research in Tuvalu

The Community Mini-Grant was founded in 2010 with the intention of supporting small, time-sensitive community-based projects that are consistent with SCRA’s mission, principles, and goals. We are happy to support the great work being done by SCRA members and their community partners, and even happier to be able to highlight examples of this work and share them with the GJCPP readership.  Below, Dr. Laura Kati Corlew provides us with insight into research on the community and cultural impacts of climate change in Tuvalu, as well as a description of the impact that Community Mini-Grant funding had on implementing a culturally responsive research and dissemination process

SEDIMENTOLOGY AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY OF AN UPPER TRIASSIC CARBONATE SUCCESSION OF TRIPOLITZA PLATFORM IN MARI AREA, PARNON MOUNTAIN, SE PELOPONNESUS, GREECE

Η Ανω-Τριαδική ανθρακική ακολουθία στη βάση της πλατφόρμας της Τρίπολης, στην περιοχή Μαρί στο όρος Πάρνωνα, Πελοπόννησος, αποτελείται κυρίως από δολομίτες και σε μικρό ποσοστό ασβεστιτικούς δολομίτες. Λεπτομερής ανάλυση φάσεων και βιοστρωματογραφική μελέτη ανέδειξαν ότι κατά τη διάρκεια του Νόριου-Ραίτιου αποτίθεντο μεσο-υπερπαλιρροιακές και υποπαλιρροιακές (ρηχές λιμνοθαλάσσιες) φάσεις με κυκλική ανάπτυξη στο εσωτερικό της πλατφόρμας, παρόμοιες με αυτές που σχηματίζονταν σε πολλές Αλπικές πλατφόρμες του νότιου περιθωρίου της Τηθύος κατά το ίδιο διάστημα. Διαγενετικές παρατηρήσεις υποδεικνύουν περαιτέρω ότι η ρηχή θαλάσσια ανθρακική ιζηματογένεση διακοπτόταν από διαστήματα υποαέριας έκθεσης και επακόλουθης πρώιμης λιθοποίησης των πρόσφατα αποτεθέντων ιζημάτων. Η εκτεταμένη και πρώιμη κυρίως δολομιτίωση και ανακρυστάλλωση, η παρουσία μετεωρικών συγκολλητικών υλικών κατεισδύοντος ύδατος αλλά ιδιαίτερα η επαναλαμβανόμενη εμφάνιση δολοκρητών οριζόντων στα ανώτερα τμήματα πολλών περιπαλιρροιακών κύκλων υποδεικνύουν σαφώς περιοδική υποαέρια έκθεση των ιζημάτων καθώς και την επικράτηση ημίξηρων κλιματικών συνθηκών στην περιοχή.The Upper Triassic succession in the base of Tripolitza carbonate platform, in the Mari area of the Parnon Mt. in SE Peloponnesus, mostly consists of dolomites and to a lesser extent ofcalcitic dolomites. A detailed fades analysis and biostratigraphical study revealed that during Norian — Rhaetian times inter-supratidal and subtidal (shallow lagoonal) fades presenting cyclic development were deposited in the inner platform, similar to those that were formed in most of the Alpine platforms of the southern margin of the Tethys during the same time period. Diagenetic considerations further indicate that this shallow marine carbonate sedimentation was interrupted by subaerial exposure intervals and subsequent early lithification of the recently deposited sediments. The extensive and, mainly, early dolomitization and recrystallization, the presence of meteoric-vadose cements and specifically the repeated appearance of dolocrete horizons in the upper parts of many peritidal cycles, clearly show periodic subaerial exposure of the sediments, as well as the prevalence of semi-arid conditions in the area

Community and Cultural Responsivity: Climate Change Research in Tuvalu

The Community Mini-Grant was founded in 2010 with the intention of supporting small, time-sensitive community-based projects that are consistent with SCRA’s mission, principles, and goals. We are happy to support the great work being done by SCRA members and their community partners, and even happier to be able to highlight examples of this work and share them with the GJCPP readership.  Below, Dr. Laura Kati Corlew provides us with insight into research on the community and cultural impacts of climate change in Tuvalu, as well as a description of the impact that Community Mini-Grant funding had on implementing a culturally responsive research and dissemination process

THE EFFECTS OF HYPERTENSION STAGES ON N-TERMINAL-PRO BRAIN NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE (NT-PRO-BNP) LEVEL AND LEFT VENTRICULAR EJECTION FRACTION

Introduction: Hypertension is the most common risk factor for heart failure causing an increase in N-Terminal-Pro Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) level and a decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Objective: To investigate the effect of hypertension on NT-proBNP level and LVEF in patients with chronic heart failure.Methods: This cross sectional study takes 29 people with hypertension stage-1 (HTD-1) and 27 people with hypertension stage-2 (HTD-2) as sample. The left ventricular ejection fraction and NT-proBNP level obtained from medical records are analyzed using independent t test and Mann Withney test, followed with Spearmen correlation between NT-proBNP level and LVEF.Results: Mann-Whitney test indicates that the mean value of NT-proBNP level of HTD-2 is significantly higher compared to that of HTD-1, p = 0,000. On the contrary, the independent t test shows that LVEF in HTD-2 is lower than that of HDT-1, p = 0.001. The Spearman correlation analysis conducted on the NT-proBNP level and the LVEF results in value of -0.651, p = 0.000. The cut-off-point value of NT-proBNP level is 1511pg/ml (sensitivity 0.82% and specificity 0.80%) and the value of area under the ROC curve > 0.7. The left ventricular ejection fraction has an area under the ROC curve > 0.7 with a cut-off-point value of 39% (sensitivity 0.67% and specificity 0.69%).Conclusion: The NT-proBNP level and the LVEF of HTD-2 are significant higher and lower respectively compared to those of HTD-1. The NT-proBNP level and LVEF also show a strong negative correlation. The cut-off-point value of NT-proBNP level and LVEF can be utilized to compare the stages of hypertension in patients with chronic heart failure.Background: Hypertension is the most common risk factor for heart failure causing an increase in N-Terminal-Pro Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) level and a decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Objective: To investigate the effect of hypertension on NT-proBNP level and LVEF in patients with chronic heart failure.Method: This cross sectional study takes 29 people with hypertension stage-1 (HTD-1) and 27 people with hypertension stage-2 (HTD-2) as sample. The left ventricular ejection fraction and NT-proBNP level obtained from medical records are analyzed using independent t test and Mann Withney test, followed with Spearmen correlation between NT-proBNP level and LVEF.Results: Mann-Whitney test indicates that the mean value of NT-proBNP level of HTD-2 is significantly higher compared to that of HTD-1, p = 0,000. On the contrary, the independent t test shows that LVEF in HTD-2 is lower than that of HDT-1, p = 0.001. The Spearman correlation analysis conducted on the NT-proBNP level and the LVEF results in value of -0.651, p = 0.000. The cut-off-point value of NT-proBNP level is 1511pg/ml (sensitivity 0.82% and specificity 0.80%) and the value of area under the ROC curve > 0.7. The left ventricular ejection fraction has an area under the ROC curve > 0.7 with a cut-off-point value of 39% (sensitivity 0.67% and specificity 0.69%).Conclusion: The NT-proBNP level and the LVEF of HTD-2 are significant higher and lower respectively compared to those of HTD-1. The NT-proBNP level and LVEF also show a strong negative correlation. The cut-off-point value of NT-proBNP level and LVEF can be utilized to compare the stages of hypertension in patients with chronic heart failure.Keywords: Hypertension stage, NT-proBNP, left ventricular ejection fraction, chronic heart failure

Art Inspired by Eastern Box Research for UNG Gainesville’s Sciences, Engineering, and Technology Building

Biology professors, Dr. Natalie Hyslop, and Dr. Jennifer Mook, have studied Eastern Box Turtle habitat use at the Tumbling Creek Nature Preserve adjacent to the University of North Georgia’s Gainesville Campus. Art instructor, Heather Foster, was drawn to the Box Turtles’ highly individualistic patterns. The three professors joined forces invited students to observe and make art about Eastern Box Turtles as they were extracted for their Summer 2018 checkup. After winning UNG’s Faculty Undergraduate Summer Engagement Grant, Dr. Hyslop, Dr. Mook, and Prof. Foster hired two UNG students, Kati Hornick, and Aida Alarcon, to create Eastern Box Turtle artwork for UNG’s Science, Engineering, and Technology Building. Aida Alarcon was entranced by the beautiful, bright colors on the Eastern Box turtle’s eyes, shells, and skin. Since she raised pet Red Eared Slider turtles as a child, she felt a similar fondness for the native Box Turtle and wanted to help the peaceful, sweet creatures. Alarcon created bold, visually outspoken paintings in hopes of inspiring the same love she felt for the turtles in students, faculty and staff. Her aim was to encourage viewers to become better stewards of the environment and maintain a healthy ecosystem for UNG’s Eastern Box Turtle neighbors. Kati Hornick grew up camping, catching salamanders in the American Midwest and studied Biology extensively. A fervid outdoors-person, Hornick was thrilled to track turtles and bring the quiet, hidden wonders of the forest floor to UNG students, faculty and staff by making a ceramic diorama. Using clay, Hornick sculpted Eastern Box Turtles at various life stages along with dead leafs and rotting logs. She also made tiles that represented the Eastern Box Turtle’s relationship with the Tumbling Creek Nature Preserve’s many ecosystems. Below is a link to a video that highlights Alarcon and Hornick’s work: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4g2WZni8bC

Fluoroquinolone-related adverse events resulting in health service use and costs : A systematic review

Background and objectives Adverse events (AEs) associated with the use of fluoroquinolone antimicrobials include Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD), liver injury and seizures. Yet, the economic impact of these AEs is seldom acknowledged. The aim of this review was to identify health service use and subsequent costs associated with ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, norfloxacin and ofloxacin -related AEs. Methods A literature search covering Medline, SCOPUS, Cinahl, Web of Science and Cochrane Library was performed in April 2017. Two independent reviewers systematically extracted the data and assessed the quality of the included studies. All costs were converted to 2016 euro in order to improve comparability. Results Of the 5,687 references found in the literature search, 19 observational studies, of which five were case-controlled, fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Hospitalization was an AE-related health service use outcome in 17 studies. Length of hospital stay associated with AEs varied between <5 and 45 days. The estimated cost of an AE episode ranged between 140 and 18,252 (sic). CDAD was associated with the longest stays in hospital. Ten studies reported AE-related length of stays and five evaluated costs associated with AEs. Due to the lack of published literature, health service use and costs associated with many high-risk FQ-related AEs could not be evaluated. Conclusions Because of the wide clinical use of fluoroquinolones, in particular serious fluoroquinolone-related AEs can have substantial economic implications, in addition to imposing potentially devastating health complications for patients. Further measures are required to prevent and reduce health service use and costs associated with fluoroquinolone-related AEs. Equally, better-quality reporting and additional published data on health service use and costs associated with AEs are needed.Peer reviewe

Phoenix in the Iliad

This paper analyzes evidence to support the claim that Phoenix is an narratologically central and original Homeric character in the Iliad. Phoenix, the instructor of Achilles, tries to persuade Achilles to protect the ships of Achaeans during his speech. At the end of his speech, Phoenix tells Achilles about the story of Meleager which serves as a warning about waiting too long to fight the Trojans. Achilles rejects Agamemnon\u27s embassy and Phoenix\u27s pleas; therefore, he faces the consequence of Patroclus\u27s death. By using his speech in Book 9, as the main primary source to analyze Pheonix as a character, the research is focused on his appearances throughout the epic, relationship to Achilles, his life before Troy, and his purpose for being at Troy. This paper will explore counter arguments including the consistent use of dual number during the embassy\u27s travel to Achilles tent, and his abrupt introduction into the epic that contest his authenticity as an original character, and discuss evidence to support the main argument by focusing on his speech in Book 9, his later appearances in the epic, his relationship to achilles, and the themes that he supports including need, supplicant-exile, persuasion, value, goals, and emotions in the Iliad