3,296 research outputs found
Female chacma baboons form strong, equitable, and enduring social bonds
Analyses of the pattern of associations, social interactions, coalitions, and aggression among chacma baboons (Papio hamadryas ursinus) in the Okavango Delta of Botswana over a 16-year period indicate that adult females form close, equitable, supportive, and enduring social relationships. They show strong and stable preferences for close kin, particularly their own mothers and daughters. Females also form strong attachments to unrelated females who are close to their own age and who are likely to be paternal half-sisters. Although absolute rates of aggression among kin are as high as rates of aggression among nonkin, females are more tolerant of close relatives than they are of others with whom they have comparable amounts of contact. These findings complement previous work which indicates that the strength of social bonds enhances the fitness of females in this population and support findings about the structure and function of social bonds in other primate groups
Index Theorem and Overlap Formalism with Naive and Minimally Doubled Fermions
We present a theoretical foundation for the Index theorem in naive and
minimally doubled lattice fermions by studying the spectral flow of a Hermitean
version of Dirac operators. We utilize the point splitting method to implement
flavored mass terms, which play an important role in constructing proper
Hermitean operators. We show the spectral flow correctly detects the index of
the would-be zero modes which is determined by gauge field topology. Using the
flavored mass terms, we present new types of overlap fermions from the naive
fermion kernels, with a number of flavors that depends on the choice of the
mass terms. We succeed to obtain a single-flavor naive overlap fermion which
maintains hypercubic symmetry.Comment: 27 pages, 17 figures; references added, version accepted in JHE
Platelet-derived growth factor-B gene delivery sustains gingival fibroblast signal transduction
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/65871/1/j.1600-0765.2008.01089.x.pd
Species Doublers as Super Multiplets in Lattice Supersymmetry: Exact Supersymmetry with Interactions for D=1 N=2
We propose a new lattice superfield formalism in momentum representation
which accommodates species doublers of the lattice fermions and their bosonic
counterparts as super multiplets. We explicitly show that one dimensional N=2
model with interactions has exact Lie algebraic supersymmetry on the lattice
for all super charges. In coordinate representation the finite difference
operator is made to satisfy Leibnitz rule by introducing a non local product,
the ``star'' product, and the exact lattice supersymmetry is realized. The
standard momentum conservation is replaced on the lattice by the conservation
of the sine of the momentum, which plays a crucial role in the formulation.
Half lattice spacing structure is essential for the one dimensional model and
the lattice supersymmetry transformation can be identified as a half lattice
spacing translation combined with alternating sign structure. Invariance under
finite translations and locality in the continuum limit are explicitly
investigated and shown to be recovered. Supersymmetric Ward identities are
shown to be satisfied at one loop level. Lie algebraic lattice supersymmetry
algebra of this model suggests a close connection with Hopf algebraic exactness
of the link approach formulation of lattice supersymmetry.Comment: 34 pages, 2 figure
Numerical properties of staggered quarks with a taste-dependent mass term
The numerical properties of staggered Dirac operators with a taste-dependent
mass term proposed by Adams [1,2] and by Hoelbling [3] are compared with those
of ordinary staggered and Wilson Dirac operators. In the free limit and on
(quenched) interacting configurations, we consider their topological
properties, their spectrum, and the resulting pion mass. Although we also
consider the spectral structure, topological properties, locality, and
computational cost of an overlap operator with a staggered kernel, we call
attention to the possibility of using the Adams and Hoelbling operators without
the overlap construction. In particular, the Hoelbling operator could be used
to simulate two degenerate flavors without additive mass renormalization, and
thus without fine-tuning in the chiral limit.Comment: 14 pages, 9 figures. V2: published version; important note added
regarding Hoelbling fermions, otherwise minor change
Lichen planus of uterine cervix - the first report of a novel site of occurrence: a case report
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licens
Four cycles of paclitaxel and carboplatin as adjuvant treatment in early-stage ovarian cancer: a six-year experience of the Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group
BACKGROUND: Surgery can cure a significant percentage of ovarian carcinoma confined to the pelvis. Nevertheless, there is still a 10–50% recurrence rate. We administered paclitaxel/carboplatin as adjuvant treatment in early-stage ovarian carcinoma. METHODS: Patients with stages Ia or Ib, Grade 2 or 3 and Ic to IIb (any grade) were included. Patients were treated with 4 cycles of Paclitaxel 175 mg/m(2 )and Carboplatin [area under the curve (AUC) 6 (Calvert Formula)] every 3 weeks. RESULTS: Sixty-nine patients with no residual disease following cytoreductive surgery and minimal or modified surgical staging were included in this analysis. Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia occured in 29.9% of patients, while neutropenic fever was reported in 4.5%. Neurotoxicity (all Grade 1 or 2) was reported in 50% of cases. Median follow-up was 62 months. 5-year overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) were: 87% (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 78–96) and 79% (95% CI: 69–89), respectively. Significantly fewer patients with stages Ic-IIb and tumor grade 2 or 3 achieved a 5-year RFS than patients with only one of these two factors (73% vs 92%, p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: Paclitaxel/Carboplatin chemotherapy is a safe and effective adjuvant treatment in early-stage ovarian carcinoma. Patients with stages Ic-IIb and tumor grade 2 or 3 may benefit from more extensive treatment
Scaling laws near the conformal window of many-flavor QCD
We derive universal scaling laws for physical observables such as the
critical temperature, the chiral condensate, and the pion decay constant as a
function of the flavor number near the conformal window of many-flavor QCD in
the chiral limit. We argue on general grounds that the associated critical
exponents are all interrelated and can be determined from the critical exponent
of the running gauge coupling at the Caswell-Banks-Zaks infrared fixed point.
We illustrate our findings with the aid of nonperturbative functional
Renormalization Group (RG) calculations and low-energy QCD models.Comment: 18 pages, 4 figures, references added and discussion expanded
(matches JHEP version
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