150 research outputs found
Analysis of Influences of ICT on Structural Changes in Japanese Commerce, Business Services and Office Supplies, and Personal Services Sectors Using Multivariate Analysis: 1985–2005
This study analyzes influences of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the structural changes of Japanese industrial sectors from 1985 through 2005. ICT is represented by two explanatory variables, computers (including main parts and accessories) and telecommunications equipment. We investigate influences by the Constrained Multivariate Regression (CMR) model and test the statistical significance of this model by the Likelihood Ratio Test (LRT) method. We then perform microscopic analysis, focusing on the commerce, business services and office supplies, and personal services sectors. The results show that these variables, separately and jointly, had significant influence on structural changes in Japanese industrial sectors, including the analyzed ones. The patterns of influence in analyzed sectors are, however, different. Based on this difference, we can say that during 1985–2005 the business circumstances of the analyzed sectors were dissimilar.Keywords: ICT, Industrial Structural Changes, CMR, LRT, Japandoi:10.12695/ajtm.2013.6.2.5 How to cite this article:Zuhdi, U., Mori, S., and Kamegai, K. (2013). Analysis of Influences of ICT on Structural Changes in Japanese Commerce, Business Services and Office Supplies, and Personal Services Sectors Using Multivariate Analysis: 1985–2005. The Asian Journal of Technology Management 6 (2): 102-111. Print ISSN: 1978-6956; Online ISSN: 2089-791X. doi:10.12695/ajtm.2013.6.2.
A Molecular Line Observation toward Massive Clumps Associated with Infrared Dark Clouds
We have surveyed the N2H+ J=1-0, HC3N J=5-4, CCS J_N=4_3-3_2, NH3 (J, K) =
(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), and CH3OH J=7-6 lines toward the 55 massive clumps
associated with infrared dark clouds by using the Nobeyama Radio Observatory 45
m telescope and the Atacama Submillimeter Telescope Experiment 10 m telescope.
The N2H+, HC3N, and NH3 lines are detected toward most of the objects. On the
other hand, the CCS emission is detected toward none of the objects. The
[CCS]/[N2H+] ratios are found to be mostly lower than unity even in the Spitzer
24 micron dark objects. This suggests that most of the massive clumps are
chemically more evolved than the low-mass starless cores. The CH3OH emission is
detected toward 18 out of 55 objects. All the CH3OH-detected objects are
associated with the Spitzer 24 micron sources, suggesting that star formation
has already started in all the CH3OH-detected objects. The velocity widths of
the CH3OH J_K=7_0-6_0 A+ and 7_{-1}-6_{-1} E lines are broader than those of
N2H+ J=1-0. The CH3OH J_K=7_0-6_0 A+ and 7_{-1}-6_{-1} E lines tend to have
broader linewidth in the MSX dark objects than in the others, the former being
younger or less luminous than the latter. The origin of the broad emission is
discussed in terms of the interaction between an outflow and an ambient cloud.Comment: Accepted to Ap
Atomic Carbon and CO Isotope Emission in the Vicinity of DR15
We present observations of the 3P1-3P0 fine structure transition of atomic
carbon [CI], the J=3-2 transition of CO, as well as of the J=1-0 transitions of
13CO and C18O toward DR15, an HII region associated with two mid-infrared dark
clouds (IRDCs). The 13CO and C18O J=1-0 emissions closely follow the dark
patches seen in optical wavelength, showing two self-gravitating molecular
cores with masses of 2000 Msun and 900 Msun, respectively, at the positions of
the catalogued IRDCs.
Our data show a rough spatial correlation between [CI] and 13CO J=1-0. Bright
[CI] emission occurs in relatively cold gas behind the molecular cores, neither
in highly excited gas traced by CO J=3-2 emission nor in HII region/molecular
cloud interface. These results are inconsistent with those predicted by
standard photodissociation region (PDR) models, suggesting an origin for
interstellar atomic carbon unrelated to photodissociation processes.Comment: 11 pages Latex, 6 figures, Accepted for publication in The
Astrophysical Journa
Detection of Strong Millimeter Emission from the Circumstellar Dust Disk Around V1094 Sco: Cold and Massive Disk around a T Tauri Star in a Quiescent Accretion Phase?
We present the discovery of a cold massive dust disk around the T Tauri star
V1094 Sco in the Lupus molecular cloud from the 1.1 millimeter continuum
observations with AzTEC on ASTE. A compact (320 AU) continuum
emission coincides with the stellar position having a flux density of 272 mJy
which is largest among T Tauri stars in Lupus. We also present the detection of
molecular gas associated with the star in the five-point observations in
CO J=3--2 and CO J=3--2. Since our CO and CO
observations did not show any signature of a large-scale outflow or a massive
envelope, the compact dust emission is likely to come from a disk around the
star. The observed SED of V1094 Sco shows no distinct turnover from near
infrared to millimeter wavelengths, which can be well described by a flattened
disk for the dust component, and no clear dip feature around 10 \micron
suggestive of absence of an inner hole in the disk. We fit a simple power-law
disk model to the observed SED. The estimated disk mass ranges from 0.03 to
0.12 M_\sun, which is one or two orders of magnitude larger than the
median disk mass of T Tauri stars in Taurus.Comment: 18 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Ap
Number ratios of young stellar objects in embedded clusters
Embedded clusters usually contain young stellar objects in different
evolutionary stages. We investigate number ratios of objects in these classes
in the star-forming regions rho Ophiuchi, Serpens, Taurus, Chamaeleon I, NGC
7129, IC 1396A, and IC 348. They are compared to the temporal evolution of
young stars in numerical simulations of gravoturbulent fragmentation in order
to constrain the models and to possibly determine the evolutionary stage of the
clusters. It turns out that Serpens is the youngest, and IC 348 the most
evolved cluster, although the time when the observations are best represented
varies strongly depending on the model. Furthermore, we find an inverse
correlation of the star formation efficiency (SFE) of the models with the Mach
number. However, the observational SFE values cannot be reproduced by the
current isothermal models. This argues for models that take into account
protostellar feedback processes and/or the effects of magnetic fields.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, accepted by A&
Mammalian Comparative Sequence Analysis of the Agrp Locus
Agouti-related protein encodes a neuropeptide that stimulates food intake. Agrp expression in the brain is restricted to neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus and is elevated by states of negative energy balance. The molecular mechanisms underlying Agrp regulation, however, remain poorly defined. Using a combination of transgenic and comparative sequence analysis, we have previously identified a 760 bp conserved region upstream of Agrp which contains STAT binding elements that participate in Agrp transcriptional regulation. In this study, we attempt to improve the specificity for detecting conserved elements in this region by comparing genomic sequences from 10 mammalian species. Our analysis reveals a symmetrical organization of conserved sequences upstream of Agrp, which cluster into two inverted repeat elements. Conserved sequences within these elements suggest a role for homeodomain proteins in the regulation of Agrp and provide additional targets for functional evaluation
Sensing of Fatty Acids for Octanoylation of Ghrelin Involves a Gustatory G-Protein
Ghrelin is an important regulator of energy--and glucose homeostasis. The octanoylation at Ser(3) is essential for ghrelin's biological effects but the mechanisms involved in the octanoylation are unknown. We investigated whether the gustatory G-protein, α-gustducin, and the free fatty acid receptors GPR40 and GPR120 are involved in the fatty acid sensing mechanisms of the ghrelin cell.Wild-type (WT) and α-gustducin knockout (gust(-/-)) mice were fed a glyceryl trioctanoate-enriched diet (OD) during 2 weeks. Ghrelin levels and gastric emptying were determined. Co-localization between GPR40, GPR120 and ghrelin or α-gustducin/α-transducin was investigated by immunofluorescence staining. The role of GPR120 in the effect of medium and long chain fatty acids on the release of ghrelin was studied in the ghrelinoma cell line, MGN3-1. The effect of the GPR40 agonist, MEDICA16, and the GPR120 agonist, grifolic acid, on ghrelin release was studied both in vitro and in vivo.Feeding an OD specifically increased octanoyl ghrelin levels in the stomach of WT mice but not of gust(-/-) mice. Gastric emptying was accelerated in WT but not in gust(-/-) mice. GPR40 was colocalized with desoctanoyl but not with octanoyl ghrelin, α-gustducin or α-transducin positive cells in the stomach. GPR120 only colocalized with ghrelin in the duodenum. Addition of octanoic acid or α-linolenic acid to MGN3-1 cells increased and decreased octanoyl ghrelin levels, respectively. Both effects could not be blocked by GPR120 siRNA. MEDICA16 and grifolic acid did not affect ghrelin secretion in vitro but oral administration of grifolic acid increased plasma ghrelin levels.This study provides the first evidence that α-gustducin is involved in the octanoylation of ghrelin and shows that the ghrelin cell can sense long- and medium-chain fatty acids directly. GPR120 but not GPR40 may play a role in the lipid sensing cascade of the ghrelin cell
First record in South America of Didymosulcus palati and Didymosulcus philobranchiarca (Digenea, Didymozoidae) with new hosts records and pathological alterations
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