Synthesis and reactions of novel thienotetrahydroisoquinoline compounds

Chloroacetylation of 1-Aminocarboxamide 1 afforded the chloroacetylamino 2 which underwent ring closure upon reflux with acetic anhydride to afford the chloromethylpyrimido 3. The latter compounds under went nucleophilic substitution reactions with various primary and secondary amines which underwent Mannich reaction to give theimidazopyrimidothienoisoquinolines 5a-c. Compound 1 react with phthalic an hydride in acetic acid and DMF to afford phthalimido and isoindolopyrimido thienotetrahydroisoquinoline 6, 7 respectively. Reaction with diethylmalonate afforded the pyrimidocarboxylate 8 which react with hydrazine hydrate to give the carbohydrazide 9 which react with triethyl orthoformate for synthesis of triazepinopyrimido 10. Reaction of 1 with carbon disulfide in pyridine afforded the pyrimidinethione 13 which underwent double Mannich reaction to give the novel thiadiazinopyrimido compound 14. Reaction of tetrahydroisoquinolinethione 15 with 2-chloromethylbenzimidazole followed by Thorpe-Zeigler cyclization to afford the aminobenzoimidazolyl 18 which proved its versatility as starting material for synthesis of novel heterocycliccompounds 19-22. Imidazole; triazepine; thiadiazine; pyrimidine; synthesis; reactions

Scenography of the rehabilitation of architectural heritage(Opening of Rams Road as a model)

The exploitation of archaeological areas as one of the elements of scenography is not new. Attempts have continued for a long time to employ them across different countries of the world (either in concerts or musical performances ... etc., but the method of exploiting them and integrating between the live elements of theatrical performance and the filmed elements and The use of non-professional youth as a kind of active participation between the audience and the performers in the performance of parts of the ceremonies and the combination of all these elements with lighting and filming for some parts of the show and the preparation of unprepared places such as the road of rams and ancient Egyptian temples in the pursuit of achieving Communicating with the public and gaining a new audience to bring about social changes represented by drawing attention to the importance of our cultural heritage, which will remain, through the ages, an important and pivotal factor in emphasizing national belonging. Supporting a sense of national identity and a sense of pride among the new generations because of what he focused on showing the beauty and grandeur of the ancient Egyptian architectural monuments, which witnessed the greatness of the Egyptian artist through the ages. This celebration was able to stir the stagnant waters in a new experience represented in a great celebration attended by the President of the Republic, the ministers, and many ambassadors of countries and important personalities, in addition to conveying the events of this celebration to the whole world in a way that differs from what was previously presented from parties in archaeological areas that were It is prepared as a theatrical model and mechanisms have been invented based on which this heritage area has been re-exploited by holding this opening under the auspices of the state and adopting and nurturing the creative talents of the Egyptian youth who have creative energies in various fields

Designing of hydraulic lifts and their impact on the scenography of theatrical performances

The designer's ability to create theatrical scenes to impress the audience is reflected in the challenges of using and designing hydraulic lifts. It is what gives the theater audience a sense of life on this stage, in addition to integrating them with characters, backgrounds, and movements that make the scene seem animated, realistic, and magical, and around the world many theaters Using hydraulic lifts as one of the main elements of theatrical performances.The design of hydraulic lifts is based on understanding the special needs of theatrical performance through design vocabulary and thinking about its problems, and looking at it from the shape and functional point of view on the basis that it is an integrated chain that moves in a sequential or successive manner in addition to addressing all possible mechanical solutions, whether they are Simple or complex, identifying guidance systems, defining methods of control and movement, the possibility of determining their movement sequence, exploiting the interconnectedness in movement, which is pre-determined, understanding the effects of the entire system, and preparing operating systems that include the application of design standards in all its stages, this in addition to finding solutions that enable us to rearrange the design vocabulary to maintain diversity in the form of presentation through reuse in a different way or upgrade and renewal, and thus hydraulic platforms are among the most important scenographic elements that distinguish theatrical architecture, as they provide scenography with the ability to provide action and response The action through its relationship with the rest of the elements to achieve the desired scene, as the director and scenographer were able to present moving paintings on stage to take the action For scenes to necessary and impossible, allowing the ability to implement scenes that were not available before, and showing skill in achieving mechanical and electronic design requirements by creating kinetic environments that depend on creating an unexpected shock

Scenography of the Nutcracker Balle experimental view on venue and presentation

Many basic factors aim to achieve the ability of the show to evoke deep emotions for the viewers and transcend all forms of written literature from a novel to a live show to transport us to a different world of perceptions, visions, and kinetic rhythms between viewers and actors by relying on audience participation and creating interaction with a space Of a special nature through individual perceptions by reinventing aesthetic forms that do not maintain to the traditional forms for the theatrical performance by changing the way that spectators sit, movement, sound, and through the exchange of interaction between the movement of the performers and the display areas according to the experimental method developed by the new show, the entire experiments could be repeated to identify sources of variation for better effects through sequential analysis.how to transform the selected area to fit this theatrical performance, we thought about taking the advantage of natural resources, how to use it in the implementation of the design as one of the factors that help in the success of the theatrical performance, providing the design with a natural background rich in landscapes, plants, wildlife, and includes many archaeological sites of great importance to match the fictional events of the novel.Choosing the venue for the show was one of the most important elements of performing this experience, Wadi El-Gamal Reserve was characterized by calm sea day and night, no violent waves, by using marine platforms dealing with the relationship between the audience, theatrical platforms, and natural background, how can we connect them, integrate all the possibilities of platform construction using custom techniques with recycled materials transforming the show from a stationary stage to several floating platforms on the water.The charming nature of the place was exploited and combined with the vocabulary of the theatrical performance, using boats as seating places for spectators with specific locations, the five floating platforms were set up on the surface of the water.design lines ware based on the shape Derived from the dew drops formed on the tree leaf, analyzed to five floating platforms, the natural passage provided by the coastal environment was exploite

SYNTHESIS AND REACTIONS OF SOME NEW MORPHOLINYLPYRROLYL TETRAHYDROTHIENO[2,3-c] ISOQUINOLINE

 Hydrazinolysis of ethyl-5-morpholin-4-yl-1-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydrothieno[2,3-c]iso- quinoline-2-carboxylate  afforded the corresponding carbo- hydrazide which upon condensation with aromatic aldehydes, acetyl acetone and/ or carbon disulfide gave N- arylidinecarbohydrazide, dimethylpyrazolyl methanone, [1,3,4]oxadiazole-2-thiol and its ethyl ester derivatives respectively. Diazotization of the carbohydrazide with nitrous acid afforded the corresponding carboazide which was used for synthesis of carbamates and substituted carboxamides. Boiling of the carboazide in dry xylene afforded the pyrazinone compound which was used for synthesis of other heterocycles containing pyrrolopyrazinothinoisoquinoline moeity

A FACILE SYNTHESIS AND REACTIONS OF AMINO SELENOLO[2,3-b]PYRIDINE CARBOXYLATE

 Incorporating selenium metal bonded to the pyridine nucleus was achieved by the reaction of selenium metal with 2-chloropyridine carbonitrile 1 in the presence of sodium borohydride as reducing agent. The resulting non isolated selanyl sodium salt was subjected to react with various α-halogenated carbonyl compounds to afford the selenyl pyridine derivatives 3a-f  which compounds 3a-d underwent Thorpe-Ziegler cyclization to give 1-amino-2-substitutedselenolo[2,3-b]pyridine compounds 4a-d, while the other compounds 3e,f failed to be cyclized. Basic hydrolysis of amino selenolo[2,3-b]pyridine carboxylate 4a followed by decarboxylation furnished the corresponding amino selenolopyridine compound 6 which was used as a versatile precursor for synthesis of other heterocyclic compound 7-16. All the newly synthesized compounds were established by elemental and spectral analysis (IR, 1H NMR) in addition to mass spectra for some of them hoping these compounds afforded high biological activity

The global burden of adolescent and young adult cancer in 2019 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Background In estimating the global burden of cancer, adolescents and young adults with cancer are often overlooked, despite being a distinct subgroup with unique epidemiology, clinical care needs, and societal impact. Comprehensive estimates of the global cancer burden in adolescents and young adults (aged 15-39 years) are lacking. To address this gap, we analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, with a focus on the outcome of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), to inform global cancer control measures in adolescents and young adults. Methods Using the GBD 2019 methodology, international mortality data were collected from vital registration systems, verbal autopsies, and population-based cancer registry inputs modelled with mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs). Incidence was computed with mortality estimates and corresponding MIRs. Prevalence estimates were calculated using modelled survival and multiplied by disability weights to obtain years lived with disability (YLDs). Years of life lost (YLLs) were calculated as age-specific cancer deaths multiplied by the standard life expectancy at the age of death. The main outcome was DALYs (the sum of YLLs and YLDs). Estimates were presented globally and by Socio-demographic Index (SDI) quintiles (countries ranked and divided into five equal SDI groups), and all estimates were presented with corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). For this analysis, we used the age range of 15-39 years to define adolescents and young adults. Findings There were 1.19 million (95% UI 1.11-1.28) incident cancer cases and 396 000 (370 000-425 000) deaths due to cancer among people aged 15-39 years worldwide in 2019. The highest age-standardised incidence rates occurred in high SDI (59.6 [54.5-65.7] per 100 000 person-years) and high-middle SDI countries (53.2 [48.8-57.9] per 100 000 person-years), while the highest age-standardised mortality rates were in low-middle SDI (14.2 [12.9-15.6] per 100 000 person-years) and middle SDI (13.6 [12.6-14.8] per 100 000 person-years) countries. In 2019, adolescent and young adult cancers contributed 23.5 million (21.9-25.2) DALYs to the global burden of disease, of which 2.7% (1.9-3.6) came from YLDs and 97.3% (96.4-98.1) from YLLs. Cancer was the fourth leading cause of death and tenth leading cause of DALYs in adolescents and young adults globally. Interpretation Adolescent and young adult cancers contributed substantially to the overall adolescent and young adult disease burden globally in 2019. These results provide new insights into the distribution and magnitude of the adolescent and young adult cancer burden around the world. With notable differences observed across SDI settings, these estimates can inform global and country-level cancer control efforts. Copyright (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.Peer reviewe

The global burden of adolescent and young adult cancer in 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Background: In estimating the global burden of cancer, adolescents and young adults with cancer are often overlooked, despite being a distinct subgroup with unique epidemiology, clinical care needs, and societal impact. Comprehensive estimates of the global cancer burden in adolescents and young adults (aged 15–39 years) are lacking. To address this gap, we analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, with a focus on the outcome of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), to inform global cancer control measures in adolescents and young adults. Methods: Using the GBD 2019 methodology, international mortality data were collected from vital registration systems, verbal autopsies, and population-based cancer registry inputs modelled with mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs). Incidence was computed with mortality estimates and corresponding MIRs. Prevalence estimates were calculated using modelled survival and multiplied by disability weights to obtain years lived with disability (YLDs). Years of life lost (YLLs) were calculated as age-specific cancer deaths multiplied by the standard life expectancy at the age of death. The main outcome was DALYs (the sum of YLLs and YLDs). Estimates were presented globally and by Socio-demographic Index (SDI) quintiles (countries ranked and divided into five equal SDI groups), and all estimates were presented with corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). For this analysis, we used the age range of 15–39 years to define adolescents and young adults. Findings: There were 1·19 million (95% UI 1·11–1·28) incident cancer cases and 396 000 (370 000–425 000) deaths due to cancer among people aged 15–39 years worldwide in 2019. The highest age-standardised incidence rates occurred in high SDI (59·6 [54·5–65·7] per 100 000 person-years) and high-middle SDI countries (53·2 [48·8–57·9] per 100 000 person-years), while the highest age-standardised mortality rates were in low-middle SDI (14·2 [12·9–15·6] per 100 000 person-years) and middle SDI (13·6 [12·6–14·8] per 100 000 person-years) countries. In 2019, adolescent and young adult cancers contributed 23·5 million (21·9–25·2) DALYs to the global burden of disease, of which 2·7% (1·9–3·6) came from YLDs and 97·3% (96·4–98·1) from YLLs. Cancer was the fourth leading cause of death and tenth leading cause of DALYs in adolescents and young adults globally. Interpretation: Adolescent and young adult cancers contributed substantially to the overall adolescent and young adult disease burden globally in 2019. These results provide new insights into the distribution and magnitude of the adolescent and young adult cancer burden around the world. With notable differences observed across SDI settings, these estimates can inform global and country-level cancer control efforts. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities, St Baldrick's Foundation, and the National Cancer Institute

Measuring progress and projecting attainment on the basis of past trends of the health-related Sustainable Development Goals in 188 countries: an analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

The UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are grounded in the global ambition of “leaving no one behind”. Understanding today’s gains and gaps for the health-related SDGs is essential for decision makers as they aim to improve the health of populations. As part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016), we measured 37 of the 50 health-related SDG indicators over the period 1990–2016 for 188 countries, and then on the basis of these past trends, we projected indicators to 2030

Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

As mortality rates decline, life expectancy increases, and populations age, non-fatal outcomes of diseases and injuries are becoming a larger component of the global burden of disease. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) for 328 causes in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2016