Evolution of global development cooperation: An analysis of aid flows with stochastic block models

Despite considerable scholarly attention on the institutional and normative aspects of development cooperation, its longitudinal dynamics unfolding at the global level have rarely been investigated. Focusing on aid, we examine the evolving global structure of development cooperation induced by aid flows in its entirety. Representing annual aid flows between donors and recipients from 1970 to 2013 as a series of networks, we apply hierarchical stochastic block models to extensive aid-flow data that cover not only the aid behavior of the major OECD donors but also that of other emerging donors, including China. Despite a considerable degree of external expansion and internal diversification of aid relations over the years, the analysis has uncovered a temporally persistent structure of aid networks. The latter comprises, on the one hand, a limited number of major donors with far-reaching resources and, on the other hand, a large number of mostly poor but globally well-connected recipients. The results cast doubt on the efficacy of recurrent efforts for "aid reform" in substantially changing the global aid flow pattern

Maggot debridement therapy for a patient with critical limb ischaemia and severe cardiac dysfunction: possibility of limb salvage

Ischaemic skin ulcer occurred on the foot of a 73-year-old man who had a history of fulminant myocarditis with severe cardiac dysfunction. We attempted wound bed preparation by maggot debridement therapy and salvaged his limb. It can be one of the adjuvant treatment strategies for critical limb ischaemia

Search for large extra dimensions in the production of jets and missing transverse energy in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.96 TeV

We present the results of a search for new physics in the jets plus missing transverse energy data sample collected from 368 pb(-1) of p (p) over bar collisions at root s = 1.96 TeV recorded by the Collider Detector at Fermilab. We compare the number of events observed in the data with a data-based estimate of the standard model backgrounds contributing to this signature. We observe no significant excess of events, and we interpret this null result in terms of lower limits on the fundamental Planck scale for a large extra dimensions scenario

Measurement of the W+W- production cross section in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.96 TeV using dilepton events

We present a measurement of the W+W- production cross section using 184 pb(-1) of p (p) over bar collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab. Using the dilepton decay channel W+W-→ l(+)ν l(-)(ν) over bar, where the charged leptons can be either electrons or muons, we find 17 candidate events compared to an expected background of 5.0(-0.8)(+2.2) events. The resulting W+W- production cross-section measurement of σ(p (p) over bar → W+W-)=14.6(-5.1)(+5.8)(stat)(-3.0)(+1.8)(syst)± 0.9(lum) pb agrees well with the standard model expectation

The literary world of Murakami dynasty

publisher奈良村上朝の文壇について、〈公宴〉〈密宴〉からなる宮廷詩宴を軸に考察を加えた。村上朝は、前代の醍醐朱雀朝から引き続き、〈公宴〉の危機的状況であったが、重陽宴の残菊宴としての再興、内宴の二月開催、花宴の公事化によって、その危機を抜け出した。この時代は、〈公宴〉の再興期と位置付けられる。しかし、花宴の〈密宴〉的性格や、村上朝後半の〈密宴〉の頻繁な開催は、〈公宴〉の意義の低下をもたらすことになった。本稿では、如上の内容を、〈公宴〉の停止理由、〈密宴〉の献詩者、〈公宴〉の停止と〈密宴〉の関係、花宴の性格、御製の存在、などの視点から論じた