565 research outputs found
Can Fiscal Budget-Neutral Reforms Stimulate Growth? Model-Based Results
This paper focuses on growth enhancing budget-neutral fiscal reforms, i.e. changes in the
composition of government revenues and spending that stimulate GDP growth while keeping the
ratio of the fiscal budget to GDP constant. To this aim, we present simulation results using a
multi-country DSGE model with three large economic regions, the US, the euro area and the rest
of the world. The model features constrained and unconstrained non-Ricardian households and a
detailed government sector; its multi-country nature allows investigating cross-country
spillovers. The paper focuses on the most growth-friendly budget-neutral fiscal measures: (i) an
incomplete fiscal devaluation (ii) a rise in government investment compensated by a fall in
government consumption and (iii) a rise in government investment compensated by a rise in
consumption and labor taxes. Dampening or amplifying effects due to coordination across
policies (monetary and fiscal) and across economic regions are also considered. Three main
results stand out. First, an increase in government investment financed by rising less
distortionary taxes appears to be an effective growth-friendly budget-neutral reform in the sense
that it generates both short- and long-run GDP growth and improves fiscal sustainability. Second,
benefits and costs of budget-neutral reforms are not equally distributed across agents, giving rise
to a policy trade-off between growth and distributional consequences. Third, budget-neutral
reforms do not have large cross-border trade spillovers; however, reforms coordinated across all
countries in periods of accommodative monetary policy do have amplified domestic effects
The EDELWEISS Experiment : Status and Outlook
The EDELWEISS Dark Matter search uses low-temperature Ge detectors with heat
and ionisation read- out to identify nuclear recoils induced by elastic
collisions with WIMPs from the galactic halo. Results from the operation of 70
g and 320 g Ge detectors in the low-background environment of the Modane
Underground Laboratory (LSM) are presented.Comment: International Conference on Dark Matter in Astro and Particle Physics
(Dark 2000), Heidelberg, Germany, 10-16 Jul 2000, v3 minor revision
Dark Matter Search in the Edelweiss Experiment
Preliminary results obtained with 320g bolometers with simultaneous
ionization and heat measurements are described. After a few weeks of data
taking, data accumulated with one of these detectors are beginning to exclude
the upper part of the DAMA region. Prospects for the present run and the second
stage of the experiment, EDELWEISS-II, using an innovative reversed cryostat
allowing data taking with 100 detectors, are briefly described.Comment: IDM 2000, 3rd International Workshop on the Identification of Dark
Matter, York (GB), 18-22/09/2000, v2.0 minor modification
SICANE: a Detector Array for the Measurement of Nuclear Recoil Quenching Factors using Monoenergetic Neutron Beam
SICANE is a neutron scattering multidetector facility for the determination
of the quenching factor (ratio of the response to nuclear recoils and to
electrons) of cryogenic detectors used in direct WIMP searches. Well collimated
monoenergetic neutron beams are obtained with inverse (p,n) reactions. The
facility is described, and results obtained for the quenching factors of
scintillation in NaI(Tl) and of heat and ionization in Ge are presented.Comment: 30 pages, Latex, 11 figures. Submitted to NIM
A piecewise-linear reduced-order model of squeeze-film damping for deformable structures including large displacement effects
This paper presents a reduced-order model for the Reynolds equation for
deformable structure and large displacements. It is based on the model
established in [11] which is piece-wise linearized using two different methods.
The advantages and drawbacks of each method are pointed out. The pull-in time
of a microswitch is determined and compared to experimental and other
simulation data.Comment: Submitted on behalf of EDA Publishing Association
(http://irevues.inist.fr/handle/2042/16838
First Results of the EDELWEISS WIMP Search using a 320 g Heat-and-Ionization Ge Detector
The EDELWEISS collaboration has performed a direct search for WIMP dark
matter using a 320 g heat-and-ionization cryogenic Ge detector operated in a
low-background environment in the Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane. No nuclear
recoils are observed in the fiducial volume in the 30-200 keV energy range
during an effective exposure of 4.53 kg.days. Limits for the cross-section for
the spin-independent interaction of WIMPs and nucleons are set in the framework
of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). The central value of the
signal reported by the experiment DAMA is excluded at 90% CL.Comment: 14 pages, Latex, 4 figures. Submitted to Phys. Lett.
Event categories in the EDELWEISS WIMP search experiment
Four categories of events have been identified in the EDELWEISS-I dark matter
experiment using germanium cryogenic detectors measuring simultaneously charge
and heat signals. These categories of events are interpreted as electron and
nuclear interactions occurring in the volume of the detector, and electron and
nuclear interactions occurring close to the surface of the detectors(10-20 mu-m
of the surface). We discuss the hypothesis that low energy surface nuclear
recoils,which seem to have been unnoticed by previous WIMP searches, may
provide an interpretation of the anomalous events recorded by the UKDMC and
Saclay NaI experiments. The present analysis points to the necessity of taking
into account surface nuclear and electron recoil interactions for a reliable
estimate of background rejection factors.Comment: 11 pages, submitted to Phys. Lett.
Identification of backgrounds in the EDELWEISS-I dark matter search experiment
This paper presents our interpretation and understanding of the different
backgrounds in the EDELWEISS-I data sets. We analyze in detail the several
populations observed, which include gammas, alphas, neutrons, thermal sensor
events and surface events, and try to combine all data sets to provide a
coherent picture of the nature and localisation of the background sources. In
light of this interpretation, we draw conclusions regarding the background
suppression scheme for the EDELWEISS-II phase
Measurement of the response of heat-and-ionization germanium detectors to nuclear recoils
The heat quenching factor Q' (the ratio of the heat signals produced by
nuclear and electron recoils of equal energy) of the heat-and-ionization
germanium bolometers used by the EDELWEISS collaboration has been measured. It
is explained how this factor affects the energy scale and the effective
quenching factor observed in calibrations with neutron sources. This effective
quenching effect is found to be equal to Q/Q', where Q is the quenching factor
of the ionization yield. To measure Q', a precise EDELWEISS measurement of Q/Q'
is combined with values of Q obtained from a review of all available
measurements of this quantity in tagged neutron beam experiments. The
systematic uncertainties associated with this method to evaluate Q' are
discussed in detail. For recoil energies between 20 and 100 keV, the resulting
heat quenching factor is Q' = 0.91+-0.03+-0.04, where the two errors are the
contributions from the Q and Q/Q' measurements, respectively. The present
compilation of Q values and evaluation of Q' represent one of the most precise
determinations of the absolute energy scale for any detector used in direct
searches for dark matter.Comment: 28 pages, 7 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev.
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