La formación docente en Didáctica de las Ciencias Sociales a través de los proyectos socioeducativos en contextos de exclusión social

Presentamos una experiencia formativa innovadora con los estudiantes de la titulación deMaestro/a de Educación Primaria de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad de Almería.Se ha realizado en el marco de un Programa Socioeducativo en colegios públicos de un barrio marginal dela ciudad de Almería mediante la metodología de Aprendizaje-Servicio (ApS). Desde la Didáctica de lasCiencias Sociales queremos contribuir a una educación democrática mediante la participación ciudadana.Mostramos algunas valoraciones de nuestros estudiantes en este proceso de investigación-acción. Elbalance positivo de esta evaluación inicial nos motiva para seguir implicados en el desarrollo de proyectoscomo éste donde se vincula universidad, escuela y comunidad.This paper speaks about an innovative training experience with Pre-Service Primary Teacher atthe University of Almeria, Faculty of Education. Carried out in the framework of a social and educationalproject in public schools in a slum in the city of Almeria using service learning methodology. From theteaching of the social sciences our aim seeks to contribute to a democratic education through citizenparticipation. We show some evaluations carried out by our students in the process of action research. Thepositive results of this initial assessment motivates us to keep involved in the development of projects likethis, where University, school and community are linked

Patients’ opinions about knowing their risk for depression and what to do about it: The PredictD-Qualitative study

Background: The predictD study developed and validated a risk algorithm for predicting the onset of major depression in primary care. We aimed to explore the opinion of patients about knowing their risk for depression and the values and criteria upon which these opinions are based. Methods: A maximum variation sample of patients was taken, stratified by city, age, gender, immigrant status, socioeconomic status and lifetime depression. The study participants were 52 patients belonging to 13 urban health centres in seven different cities around Spain. Seven Focus Groups (FGs) were given held with primary care patients, one for each of the seven participating cities. Results: The results showed that patients generally welcomed knowing their risk for depression. Furthermore, in light of available evidence several patients proposed potential changes in their lifestyles to prevent depression. Patients generally preferred to ask their General Practitioners (GPs) for advice, though mental health specialists were also mentioned. They suggested that GPs undertake interventions tailored to each patient, from a ‘‘patient-centred’’ approach, with certain communication skills, and giving advice to help patients cope with the knowledge that they are at risk of becoming depressed. Conclusions: Patients are pleased to be informed about their risk for depression. We detected certain beliefs, attitudes, values, expectations and behaviour among the patients that were potentially useful for future primary prevention programmes on depression.Junta de Andalucía 2008/0195Gobierno Vasco 2008/111021Spanish Network of Primary Care Research (redIAPP) RD06/0018Salud Mental, Servicios y Atención Primaria (SAMSERAP

Intraoperative parathyroid hormone measurement vs indocyanine green angiography of parathyroid glands in prediction of early postthyroidectomy hypocalcemia

This study compares the efficacy of intraoperative parathyroid hormone measurement vs indocyanine green angiography of parathyroid glands in predicting early postthyroidectomy hypocalcemia

Estudio etnozoológico de los vertebrados silvestres de la comunidad Bonifacio García, Morelos, México

The aim of this study was to analyze the ethnozoological knowledge that the inhabitants of the Bonifacio García community, Morelos, Mexico, conserve about wild vertebrate. Semi-structured interviews were applied to 30 key informants, through participant observation and guided tours, traces such as footprints, excreta, burrows and pelts and in vivo observation were researched for the identification of the mentioned species and the following indexes were calculated: value of diversity of use for each species (VDS) and of medicinal uses (DVM), as well as the diversity index of the treated diseases (DITD). The study recorded a total of 42 wild vertebrate species, of these 28 are used: mammals 39.3%, birds 32%, reptiles 18%, fish 7.1% and amphibia 3.6%. The main use values were alimentary (0.54), medicinal (0.46) and ornamental (0.43). The white-tailed deer, the black iguana and the rattlesnake registered 0.57 of VDS and a DVM of 0.19. The main diseases treated are cancer, respiratory and skin diseases and rheumatism with an DITD of 0.17. The animals are obtained by means of subsistence hunting in the fields (50%), croplands (43%) and backyards (7%), using most frequently shotguns as arms for capture. We conclude that the appropriation of vertebrates complements basic needs for food and health; therefore, ethnozoological knowledge must be integrated into public policies that enable the conservation and management of wild fauna in the community.El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar el conocimiento etnozoológico que conservan de los vertebrados silvestres los habitantes de la comunidad Bonifacio García en Morelos, México. Se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a 30 informantes clave, mediante la observación participante y recorridos guiados se buscaron rastros como huellas, excretas, madrigueras, pieles y observación in vivo para la identificación de las especies citadas y se calcularon los siguientes índices: valor de diversidad de uso para cada especie (VDE) y de uso medicinal (VDM), así como el índice de diversidad de las enfermedades tratadas (IVDE). Se reportan 41 especies de vertebrados que los entrevistados reconocen, de los cuales 28 son aprovechados: mamíferos 39.3%, aves 32%, reptiles 18%, peces 7.1% y anfibios 3.6%. Los principales valores de uso fueron alimentario (0.54), medicinal (0.46) y ornamental (0.43). El venado cola blanca, la iguana negra y la víbora de cascabel registraron 0.57 de VDE y un VDM de 0.19. Las principales enfermedades tratadas son: cáncer, afecciones respiratorias, enfermedades de la piel y reumatismo con un IVDE de 0.17. La apropiación de los vertebrados silvestres se lleva a cabo por medio de la cacería de subsistencia en el campo (50%), terrenos de cultivo (43%) y el traspatio (7%) utilizando con mayor frecuencia escopeta como arma de captura. Se concluye que la apropiación de vertebrados permite complementar necesidades básicas de alimentación y salud; por lo que los conocimientos etnozoológicos deben de integrarse a políticas públicas que permitan la conservación y manejo de la fauna silvestre en la comunidad

Humoral response (IgG) of goats experimentally infected with Fasciola hepatica against cysteine proteinases of adult fluke

The use of cysteine proteinases from Fasciola hepatica adult flukes for the serodiagnosis of caprine fasciolosis by means of an indirect ELISA test was studied. Two proteolytic fractions from adult fluke homogenates, with apparent molecular weights of 28 and 34 kDa (P28 and P34 respectively), were characterised as cysteine proteinases using azocasein assays and gelatin gel analysis. Both P28 and P34 fractions were electroluted and used as antigens in two different indirect ELISA tests. Serum IgG levels against P28 and P34 in goats given an experimental primary infection with 200 metacercariae or in goats given two experimental infections with 200 metacercariae were determined and compared with those observed in an uninfected control group. ELISA tests using both cysteine proteases showed a rapid and consistent detection of specific IgG in all experimentally infected goats. The IgG response to P28 was the first to be detected as early as 2–3 weeks post-infection and remained elevated throughout the experiment. The response to P34 was detected later (4–6 wpi) and disappeared in some animals at 18 wpi, while flukes were still present in the bile ducts. No significant differences were observed between the anti-P28 and anti-P34 IgG responses between animals receiving a primary or a challenge infection. The results of our study, although preliminary, are promising since the P28 ELISA described here may be a reliable method for the immunodiagnosis of F. hepatica infection in goats

On interfacial tension calculation from the test-area methodology in the grand canonical ensemble

We propose the extension of the test-area methodology, originally proposed to evaluate the surface tension of planar fluid-fluid interfaces along a computer simulation in the canonical ensemble, to deal with the solid-fluid interfacial tension of systems adsorbed on slitlike pores using the grand canonical ensemble. In order to check the adequacy of the proposed extension, we apply the method for determining the density profiles and interfacial tension of spherical molecules adsorbed in slitlike pore with different pore sizes and solid-fluid dispersive energy parameters along the same simulation. We also calculate the solid-fluid interfacial tension using the original test-area method in the canonical ensemble. Agreement between the results obtained from both methods indicate that both methods are fully equivalent. The advantage of the new methodology is that allows to calculate simultaneously the density profiles and the amount of molecules adsorbed onto a slitlike pore, as well as the solid- fluid interfacial tension. This ensures that the chemical potential at which all properties are evaluated during the simulation is exactly the same since simulations can be performed in the grand canonical ensemble, mimicking the conditions at which the adsorption experiments are most usually carried out in the laboratory.The authors would like to acknowledge helpful discussions with B. Mendiboure. This work was supported by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN, Spain) through Grant Nos. FIS2010-14866, FIS2009-07923, and FPU Ref. AP2007-02172 (J.M.M.). Further financial support from Proyecto de Excelencia from Junta de Andalucía (Grant No. P07-FQM02884) and Universidad de Huelva are also acknowledged

¿Qué considerar al evaluar una dextrocardia por ecocardiografía transtorácica?

Dextrocardia is a cardiac malposition in which the orientation of the cardiac apex is downwards and to the right side of the thorax, with different spatial dispositions of the chambers according to visceral situs and associated with other congenital cardiac defects. Therefore for the evaluation of these patients we need to place and perform non-conventional maneuvers with the transducer during our daily practice, in order to obtain reproducible and interpretable echocardiographic planes which allow us to reach the best diagnostic approach.La Dextrocardia es una malposición cardíaca que cursa con una orientación del ápex hacia abajo y a la derecha del tórax, acompañada con disposiciones espaciales de las cámaras diferentes según el tipo de Situs Visceral y la presencia de cardiopatías congénitas asociadas. Por lo tanto, para la evaluación de estos pacientes se requiere la localización y ejecución de maniobras con el transductor poco convencionales durante la práctica diaria, con el fin de obtener proyecciones ecocardiográficas reproducibles e interpretables que logren una mejor aproximación diagnóstica

Use of PV plants monitoring to characterize PV arrays power

PV plants require a monitorization of their electrical parameters to achieve its best performance. Lately, it is more and more common that SCADA systems monitor currents and voltages even of every single string. These measurements which use to be stored instantaneously with a frequency like the one established on inverters and energy meters (usually each 10, 15, 20 or 60 minutes) are useful to detect faults. Unfortunately, it is not taken advantage of them to characterize the PV arrays. A better option would be to exploit this monitoring capability not only to detect operation failures, but also to characterize the PV strings/arrays. In order to implement this characterization it is needed to use the adequate devices to measure voltages and currents and determine which should be the optimal frequency to store data, depending on they are instantaneous or mean values. This paper presents the results of the DC monitoring of a grid-connected PV array of 5.8 kWp, installed on the headquarters of the Instituto de Energía Solar of the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (IES-UPM), located in the Campus Sur of Vallecas (Madrid), which allows characterizing the PV arrays power. To study the relation between sampling frequency and its impact in the accuracy of the power averages each 1’, 5’, 10, and 15’ have been calculated from instantaneous measurements, and they have been analysed to evaluate which is the more adequate sampling rate for instantaneous and mean values

Limitations of Grundy and Kabaila s Simplified Method and Its Repercussion on the Safety and Serviceability of Successively Shored Building Structures

[EN] One of the most critical stages for a structure s safety is its construction process, and this problem is even more acute in buildings with reinforced concrete structures. These structures are usually built by shoring successive floors, so that the most recently poured floor rests on the lower floors by means of shores. It is therefore vitally important to have calculation tools available to estimate the loads to which the shores and slabs will be subjected in each stage of construction. A number of calculation methods have been proposed to date, of which the one proposed by Grundy and Kabaila in 1963 is the best known and most frequently used. This paper analyzes the limitations of Grundy and Kabaila s method by means of a parametric study of finite-element method simulations that identified a large number of situations in which this method presented unsafe results in terms of the estimated loads on slabs. In many situations, therefore, applying this method could gravely affect a building s in-service behavior and durability. The paper s final objectives are to make the reader aware of the limitations of Grundy and Kabaila s method and the need to use the more refined methods that are now available to estimate the loads on shores and slabs in reinforced concrete buildings under constructionThe authors would like to express their gratitude to the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport for funding received under the FPU Program (FPU13/02466) and to the Generalitat Valenciana (GV/2015/063).Adam Martínez, JM.; Buitrago Moreno, M.; Moragues Terrades, JJ.; Calderón García, PA. (2017). Limitations of Grundy and Kabaila s Simplified Method and Its Repercussion on the Safety and Serviceability of Successively Shored Building Structures. Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities. 31(5):1-2. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0001038S1231

Propuesta de una plataforma web para aplicar técnicas de visualización en didáctica de la Geografía

En esta comunicación se destaca el potencial pedagógico de las TICs en la enseñanza de los contenidos sobre la estructura y dinámica de la población. Las técnicas de visualización de datos cobran especial interés debido a su auge en numerosas disciplinas científicas. A pesar de los beneficios que pueden aportar, el uso de estas tecnologías no se ha generalizado tanto como sería esperable. Esta escasa adopción por parte de los docentes en Ciencias Sociales está relacionada con la complejidad de las herramientas y la ausencia de interfaces de usuario intuitivos. En esta comunicación se han diseñado herramientas que solucionen estos problemas