Stability of plasma electrolytes in Barricor and PST II tubes under different storage conditions

Introduction: Sample stability can be influenced by many different factors; evaporation and leakage from residual cells are the most relevant factors for electrolytes. During the analytical phase, samples are usually kept uncapped at room temperature. Once samples are processed, they are usually stored sealed and refrigerated. Long turnaround time and the possibility of “add-on test” need consideration for electrolyte stability. The aim of our study is to examine short-term electrolyte stability in this two-common laboratory working conditions in two different lithium heparin plasma tubes (Barricor and PST II, Becton Dickinson). Materials and methods: In 39 plasma samples from voluntary subjects we measured sodium (Na+), potassium (K+) and chloride (Cl–) at 6 time points since centrifugation (0h, 3h, 6h, 9h, 12h and 15h). Maximum allowable bias (clinically significant change) was based in SEQC (Sociedad Espanola de Química Clínica) recommendations; 1% for Cl–, 0.6% for Na+ and 4% for K+. Results: In open room temperature tubes, clinically significant changes appeared in Na+ and Cl– after 3 hours and in K+ after 9 hours in both types of tubes. In refrigerated sealed tubes, all the analytes were clinically stable up to 12 hours in both kinds of plasma tubes. We observed a statistically significant progressive increase in K+ levels, which was less pronounced in Barricor tubes. Conclusion: Stability of electrolytes is compromised after 3 hours in open tubes and after 12 hours in sealed tubes

Thin film nanostructuring at oblique angles by substrate patterning

It is demonstrated that, besides classical nanocolumnar arrays, the oblique angle geometry induces the growth of singular structures in the nanoscale when using wisely designed patterned substrates. Well-ordered array of crosses, cylindrical nanorods or hole structures arranged in square or hexagonal regular geometries are reported as examples, among others. The fundamental framework connecting substrate topography and film growth at oblique angles is presented, allowing the use of substrate patterning as a feasible thin film nanostructuring technique. A systematic analysis of the growth of TiO2 thin films on 4 different lithographic patterned substrates in 4 different scale lengths is also presented. A first conclusion is the existence of a height-based selective growth in the initial stages of the deposition, by which the film preferentially develops on top of the tallest substrate features. This behavior is maintained until the film reaches a critical thickness, the so-called Oblivion Thickness, above which the film topography becomes gradually independent of the substrate features. A general formula relating the spatial features of the pattern, the coarsening exponent and the Oblivion Thickness has been deduced.The authors thank the financial support from MCIN/AEI/10.13039/ 501100011033 projects PID2019-110430GB-C21, PID2020-112620GBI00, PID2020-114270RA-I00 and RTI2018-098117-B-C21 (also financed by FEDER Una manera de hacer europa), the Junta de Andalucía (PAIDI- 2020 through projects P18-RT-3480 and P18-RT-6079, and through its 2019 PhD Researcher Hiring Program), the CSIC (2019AEP161 and 201860E050), the Regional Government of Madrid (project IND2017/ IND-7668 and YEI contract PEJ-2019-AI/IND-14451 with support from FSE), the H2020-EU.1.2.1-FET OPEN program (grant 899352, project SOUNDofICE, and the EFRE Infra-Pro project ChAMP), and the University of Seville (VI PPIT-US). The work is supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, grant Scha 632/24, “Tailored Disorder” and Scha 632/27, “DFGGer ¨atezentrum”). This work is also supported by the free state of Thuringia under grants 2015 FGI 0025 305 (FastμXRD) and B715-10009 (BioMacroNano2020), all co-financed by the European Union within the framework of the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). The service from the MiNa Laboratory at IMN-CNM (CSIC), funded from CM (project S2018/NMT-4291 TEC2SPACE), MINECO (project CSIC13-4E- 1794) and EU (FEDER, FSE), is also acknowledged.Peer reviewe

Nanoestructuración a la Carta de Películas Delgadas en Geometría de Ángulo Oblicuo Mediante el Control Topográfico del Sustrato

Trabajo presentado en el XVI Congreso Nacional de Materiales CNMAT 2022, celebrado en Ciudad Real (España), del 28 de junio al 1 de julio de 2022La técnica de pulverización catódica operada en geometría de ángulo oblicuo es bien conocida por permitir el crecimiento de películas delgadas nanocolumnares sobre sustratos planos. En otro tipo de sustratos, e.g. rugosos o litografiados, la casuística es variada, apareciendo estructuras complejas y diversas, incluso para espesores del orden de la micra. Estos resultados sugieren la existencia de una fuerte conexión entre el crecimiento de la película y la topografía del sustrato, que podría utilizarse para obtener un mayor control nanoestructural. En esta presentación se analiza teórica y experimentalmente la relación entre ambos aspectos al utilizar la técnica de pulverización catódica a ángulo oblicuo. Se demuestra la posibilidad de crecer estructuras singulares como, por ejemplo, cruces nanopilares o incluso de huecos dentro de una matriz compacta, ordenados de acuerdo a un patrón regular con distancias típicas del orden de cientos de nanómetros (ver Figura 1). Se describe, por lo tanto, el marco conceptual que permitiría que las técnicas actuales de litografía superficial se puedan utilizar como técnicas efectivas de control nanoestructural de películas delgadas. Como resultado, se demuestran varios principios que definen los diferentes estadios de la deposición que servirían como guías para el diseño inteligente del sustrato e inducir crecimientos a la carta. Estos principios se han validado experimentalmente al crecer diferentes películas delgadas sobre un total de 16 sustratos litografiados con diferentes topografías, patrones y escalas típicas por debajo de la micra, así como en otros sustratos con rugosidad intrínseca sometidos a diferentes tipos de pulido

A new decorated gallery at the Alkerdi 2 cave (Urdazubi/Urdax)

En el marco del proyecto de «Caracterización del macizo y sistema kárstico de Alkerdi, de la cueva de Alkerdi y de su entorno de protección», se continúa con el estudio científico de la cavidad de Alkerdi 2. Las labores de prospección espeleológica del desarrollo kárstico de la cavidad han permitido localizar una galería decorada inédita en 2020. En un primer estudio se ha identificado en su interior un conjunto de pinturas y de grabados compuestos principalmente por representaciones animales de bisontes, caballos y uros, a los que se unen un panel decorado con vulvas y dos conjuntos de trazos pareados en rojo.Within the framework of the characterization project of the karstic massif of Alkerdi and its system, the cave of Alkerdi and its protected environment, we have continued with the scientific study of the cave of Alkerdi 2. The speleological prospecting work of the karstic development of the cave has allowed locating an unknown decorated gallery in 2020. In a first study, a set of paintings and engravings has been detected inside, composed mainly of animal representations of bison, horses and aurochs, to which a panel decorated with vulvas and two sets of paired red traits are adde

La filosofía entre el bachillerato y la universidad: Perspectivas docentes para la educación en el siglo XXI

Depto. de Lógica y Filosofía TeóricaGrupo de Investigación "Metafísica, Crítica y Política"Fac. de FilosofíaFALSEsubmitte

Ciencia y profesión : el farmacéutico en la historia

474 páginas. Versiones pdf / epubLas IV Jornadas Científicas de la Sociedad de Docentes Universitarios de Historia de la Farmacia (SDUHFE) se celebraron en la Sede de La Rábida en junio de 2016. Esta obra presenta diversas investigaciones y comunicaciones, con varias temáticas que pueden desglosarse en cuatro bloques: 1) En un primer grupo podemos considerar todos los capítulos que abordan la historia de los colegios farmacéuticos así como los avatares de la profesión. Se da cuenta en la provincia de Sevilla de las dificultades del Colegio de Farmacéuticos en el periodo de la Guerra Civil y la Posguerra (1936-1949), del proceso de colegiación obligatoria a partir de 1916, pinceladas históricas sobre los farmacéuticos cántabros del siglo XIX, del Colegio de Farmacéuticos de Filipinas a finales del XIX, de los conflictos de los farmacéuticos en las reuniones sanitarias de mitad del XX, y del papel de los farmacéuticos titulares en la potabilización de las aguas de consumo en Plentzia (Vizcaya). 2) Podemos destacar también todos los trabajos que giran en torno a diferentes medicamentos y productos farmacéuticos, entre ellos estudios históricos sobre piedras preciosas, medicamentos para tratar heridas, quina contra las tercianas, opio, alexifármacos, medicamentos homeopáticos, talidomida o curiosos productos como el Licor del Polo. 3) El papel de los laboratorios farmacéuticos como la Casa Nestlé durante la Guerra Civil española y el franquismo, diferentes laboratorios onubenses durante este mismo periodo, el papel del Instituto de Higiene Militar y la experimentación con insecticidas clorados sintéticos en la posguerra española, aglutinan el tercer cuerpo temático. 4) Finalmente, podemos destacar los trabajos que tienen una componente publicitaria, divulgadora y social entre los que cabe destacar el estudio del NO-DO y los diferentes noticieros y documentales sobre temas farmacéuticos que resultan muy ilustrativos. La propaganda farmacéutica desarrollada en la revista Matronas, el inventario del patrimonio farmacéutico catalán, junto a la percepción social de la farmacia a través de las fallas valencianas conforma este último grupo

Palaeolithic rock art in Alkerdi 2 cave (Urdazubi/Urdax, Navarra)

En el marco del proyecto de «Caracterización del macizo y sistema kárstico de Alkerdi,de la cueva de Alkerdi y de su entorno de protección», se procede a la exploración de la cavidad de Alkerdi 2. Las labores coordinadas han permitido identificar un conjunto de arte parietal asociado a evidencias arqueológicas en superficie. El estilo de las grafías animales grabadas apunta hacia una atribución Gravetiense para la presencia humana. La datación por radiocarbono de uno de los motivos parietales y de un carbón procedente del contexto arqueológico, lo corroboran. Se trata así de la segunda cavidad decorada durante el Paleolítico en Navarra y la muestra artística más antigua de la Comunidad Foral.Within the framework of the characterization project of the massif and karst system of Alkerdi, the Alkerdi cave and its protective environment, the Alkerdi 2 cavity was explored. The coordinated work has made it possible to identify a set of parietal art associated with archaeological evidence on the surface. The style of the engraved animal points towards a Gravettian attribution for human presence. Radiocarbon dating of one of the parietal motifs and a charcoal from the archaeological context corroborate this idea. This is the second cavity decorated during the Paleolithic in Navarre and the oldest artistic remain in the Autonomous Community

Predictive Power of the "Trigger Tool" for the detection of adverse events in general surgery: a multicenter observational validation study

Background In spite of the global implementation of standardized surgical safety checklists and evidence-based practices, general surgery remains associated with a high residual risk of preventable perioperative complications and adverse events. This study was designed to validate the hypothesis that a new “Trigger Tool” represents a sensitive predictor of adverse events in general surgery. Methods An observational multicenter validation study was performed among 31 hospitals in Spain. The previously described “Trigger Tool” based on 40 specific triggers was applied to validate the predictive power of predicting adverse events in the perioperative care of surgical patients. A prediction model was used by means of a binary logistic regression analysis. Results The prevalence of adverse events among a total of 1,132 surgical cases included in this study was 31.53%. The “Trigger Tool” had a sensitivity and specificity of 86.27% and 79.55% respectively for predicting these adverse events. A total of 12 selected triggers of overall 40 triggers were identified for optimizing the predictive power of the “Trigger Tool”. Conclusions The “Trigger Tool” has a high predictive capacity for predicting adverse events in surgical procedures. We recommend a revision of the original 40 triggers to 12 selected triggers to optimize the predictive power of this tool, which will have to be validated in future studies

Effectiveness of an intervention for improving drug prescription in primary care patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy:Study protocol of a cluster randomized clinical trial (Multi-PAP project)

This study was funded by the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias ISCIII (Grant Numbers PI15/00276, PI15/00572, PI15/00996), REDISSEC (Project Numbers RD12/0001/0012, RD16/0001/0005), and the European Regional Development Fund ("A way to build Europe").Background: Multimorbidity is associated with negative effects both on people's health and on healthcare systems. A key problem linked to multimorbidity is polypharmacy, which in turn is associated with increased risk of partly preventable adverse effects, including mortality. The Ariadne principles describe a model of care based on a thorough assessment of diseases, treatments (and potential interactions), clinical status, context and preferences of patients with multimorbidity, with the aim of prioritizing and sharing realistic treatment goals that guide an individualized management. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a complex intervention that implements the Ariadne principles in a population of young-old patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy. The intervention seeks to improve the appropriateness of prescribing in primary care (PC), as measured by the medication appropriateness index (MAI) score at 6 and 12months, as compared with usual care. Methods/Design: Design:pragmatic cluster randomized clinical trial. Unit of randomization: family physician (FP). Unit of analysis: patient. Scope: PC health centres in three autonomous communities: Aragon, Madrid, and Andalusia (Spain). Population: patients aged 65-74years with multimorbidity (≥3 chronic diseases) and polypharmacy (≥5 drugs prescribed in ≥3months). Sample size: n=400 (200 per study arm). Intervention: complex intervention based on the implementation of the Ariadne principles with two components: (1) FP training and (2) FP-patient interview. Outcomes: MAI score, health services use, quality of life (Euroqol 5D-5L), pharmacotherapy and adherence to treatment (Morisky-Green, Haynes-Sackett), and clinical and socio-demographic variables. Statistical analysis: primary outcome is the difference in MAI score between T0 and T1 and corresponding 95% confidence interval. Adjustment for confounding factors will be performed by multilevel analysis. All analyses will be carried out in accordance with the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: It is essential to provide evidence concerning interventions on PC patients with polypharmacy and multimorbidity, conducted in the context of routine clinical practice, and involving young-old patients with significant potential for preventing negative health outcomes. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02866799Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Analysis of microbial communities in rusitec and single-flow continuous culture fermenters by PCR-SSCP: effects of basal diet

6 páginas, 1 tabla, 2 figuras.The aim of this work was to analyse microbial communities in two artificial rumen systems, Rusitec and single-flow continuous culture fermenters (SFCCF), fed two diets containing alfalfa hay and concentrate in the proportions of 80:20 and 20:80. Eight fermenters of each type were run for 14 days. On days 13 and 14, total effluent was collected and homogenized in a blender at low speed for 1 min and lyophilized. In order to study microbial diversity, DNA was isolated from samples (120 mg) of lyophilized effluent and the V3-4 region of the 16S rDNA gene was amplified by PCR and analysed by using single-strand-conformation polymorphisms (SSCP). Distinct clusters were observed for Rusitec and SFCCF samples. Microbial diversity, assessed using Shannon's index (H') was higher (P 0.05) by diet or system. Similarity between fermenters in PCR-SSCP banding patterns was higher in the Rusitec than in SFCCF for both diets. Under the conditions of the present experiment, microbial populations were affected by diet in both systems, and microbial diversity was different in both types of fermenters.The authors wish to acknowledge the financial support received from the CICYT (Projects AGL2004-04755-C02-01 and AGL2004-04755-C02-02).The authors wish to acknowledge the financial support received from the CICYT (Projects AGL2004-04755-C02-01 and AGL2004-04755-C02-02).Peer Reviewe