Contextual factors affecting community participation in leisure and free time persons with disabilities physical

A qualitative descriptive study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the contextual factors that influence community participation in leisure activities and free time in persons with disabilities from physical aged between 30 and 59 years and belonging to the Department Disability Concepcion, Chile. The sample was selected by convenience sampling and consisted of four participants who underwent an open interview applied individually during the period of June 2016.In conclusion, the greater community participation in leisure activities and free time of respondents in the activities arising from specific programs for people with disabilities, in this case from the Department of Disability Concepcion, identifying both environmental and personal factors that influence participation of these activities. In relation to environmental factors, more than half of participants identified: physical space, support and relationships and climate, as factors influencing their participation in such activities. In relation to personal factors, more than half identified: motivation, time, results of the experience and the factors associated with the health condition as factors influencing their participation in such activities

Laparoscopic surgery of adrenal cysts: results of a series of 18 patients

Indexación: Web of Science; Scielo.Introducción: Los quistes suprarrenales tienen una incidencia de 0,064% a 0,18% en autopsias. El objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar nuestra experiencia en 18 pacientes portadores de un quiste adrenal operados por vía laparoscópica. Material y Métodos: La serie está constituida por 18 pacientes, de una serie de 344 adrenalectomías laparoscópicas realizadas entre los años 1993 y 2011. El rango de edad fue de 20 a 61 años, con un promedio de 38 años, 11 mujeres y 7 hombres. Resultados: Trece quistes eran del lado izquierdo y 5 del derecho. El tamaño de la lesión varió entre 4,5 y 12,5 cm, con un promedio de 9,2 cm. En 8 pacientes hubo molestias abdominales vagas y en los restantes 12 pacientes no hubo signos ni síntomas de sospecha clínica. La cirugía realizada fue una decorticación-marsupialización laparoscópica en 11 pacientes, adrenalectomía laparoscópica en bloque en 8 casos y adrenalectomía parcial en 1 caso. El tiempo operatorio promedio fue de 83,1 min (30-180 min), y el tiempo medio de hospitalización fue de 36 h. Complicaciones intraoperatorias ocurrieron en 2 pacientes: 1 lesión de diafragma y 1 lesión de vena renal, reparadas en el mismo acto quirúrgico. Complicaciones postoperatorias ocurrieron en 2 pacientes, ambas Clavien 3a y de manejo conservador. Conclusión: Las lesiones pequeñas y no funcionantes requieren observación. La adrenalectomía laparoscópica parcial o total está indicada en lesiones de gran tamaño, con importante compromiso de la glándula o ante la sospecha de lesión funcionante o malignidad.Introduction: Adrenal cysts have an incidence of 0.064% to 0.18% at autopsy. Aim: To show our experience in 18 patients with an adrenal cyst operated by laparoscopy. Material and Methods: The series consisted of 18 patients operated, in a series of 344 laparoscopic adrenalectomy performed between 1993 and 2011. The age range was 20 to 61 years with an average of 38 years, 11 women and 7 men. Results: Thirteen cysts were left and 5 were right sided. The lesion size varied between 4.5 and 12.5 cm, with an average of 9.2 cm. Eight patients complained of abdominal discomfort and in the remaining 12 patients there were no signs or symptoms of clinical suspicion. The surgery performed was a laparoscopic decortication-marsupialization in 11 patients, laparoscopic adrenalectomy in 8 cases and partial adrenalectomy in 1 case. Mean operative time was 83.1 minutes (30-180 minutes), and mean hospital stay was 36 hours. Intraoperative complications occurred in 2 patients: 1 diaphragm injury and one renal vein injury, repaired in the same surgery. Postoperative complications occurred in 2 patients, both Clavien 3a, treated by conservative management. Conclusion: Small and non-functional lesions require observation. Partial or total laparoscopic adrenalectomy is indicated in large lesions or in functional and suspected malignant lesions.http://ref.scielo.org/bm4t5

Regulation of Cortico-Thalamic JNK1/2 and ERK1/2 MAPKs and Apoptosis-Related Signaling Pathways in PDYN Gene-Deficient Mice Following Acute and Chronic Mild Stress

The crosstalk between the opioidergic system and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) has a critical role in mediating stress-induced behaviors related to the pathophysiology of anxiety. The present study evaluated the basal status and stress-induced alterations of cortico-thalamic MAPKs and other cell fate-related signaling pathways potentially underlying the anxiogenic endophenotype of PDYN gene-deficient mice. Compared to littermates, PDYN knockout (KO) mice had lower cortical and or thalamic amounts of the phospho-activated MAPKs c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK1/2) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2). Similarly, PDYN-KO animals displayed reduced cortico-thalamic densities of total and phosphorylated (at Ser191) species of the cell fate regulator Fas-associated protein with death domain (FADD) without alterations in the Fas receptor. Exposure to acute restraint and chronic mild stress stimuli induced the robust stimulation of JNK1/2 and ERK1/2 MAPKs, FADD, and Akt-mTOR pathways, without apparent increases in apoptotic rates. Interestingly, PDYN deficiency prevented stress-induced JNK1/2 and FADD but not ERK1/2 or Akt-mTOR hyperactivations. These findings suggest that cortico-thalamic MAPK- and FADD-dependent neuroplasticity might be altered in PDYN-KO mice. In addition, the results also indicate that the PDYN gene (and hence dynorphin release) may be required to stimulate JNK1/2 and FADD (but not ERK1/2 or Akt/mTOR) pathways under environmental stress conditions.This joint research was funded by Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud–Red de Trastornos Adictivos (RETICS–RTA, Instituto de Salud Carlos III [ISCIII], MCIU/AEI/FEDER), Grupos RD06/0001/0004 (J.M.) and RD06/0001/0003 (J.A.G.-S.). J.M. also received financial support from Proyectos de Investigación en Salud—ISCIII (grant RD. PI18/00576), Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Adicciones (grant RD21/0009/0008), and Delegación del Gobierno para el Plan Nacional Sobre Drogas (PNSD, grant 2019I012) from the Spanish Ministry of Health (MSC). This study was also supported by MCIU/AEI/FEDER (grants RTI2018-094414-A-I00 to A.R.-M., PID2019-109323RA-I00 to T.F., and SAF2008-01311 to J.A.G.-S.), and MSC/FEDER (FIS 05/0429 to J.M). A.R.-M. (grant RYC-2016-19282) and T.F. (grant RYC-2017-22666) are ‘Ramón y Cajal’ Researchers

Ensayos de dinteles de fábrica de ladrillo atirantada sobre los nuevos Apoyos Pi, distanciados 6m entre sí

Comunicación presentada en las II Jornadas de Investigación en Construcción: "60 años de Informes de la Construcción", celebradas los pasados 22, 23 y 24 de mayo de 2008 en el Instituto "Eduardo Torroja" de Ciencias de la Construcción (IETCC-CSIC) de Madrid.Comparando la Arquitectura de Ladrillos del s.XIX con el empleo del ladrillo en la Arquitectura del s.XX, se puede observar que abunda mayor patología en las fábricas de ladrillo cara vista recientes que en las más antiguas. El primer paso para prevenir la abundante fisuración de la albañilería apreciada en España a finales del siglo pasado, se dio en 1992, con la realización del "Manual Murfor: La fábrica armada", estableciéndose en él los criterios posteriormente contemplados en el "Eurocódigo 6: Estructuras de Fábrica", de recomendar armar con el 0,03% de la sección del muro, y a distancias verticales no mayores de 600mm. Las primeras aplicaciones arquitectónicas de la fábrica armada en España, fueron realizadas por este Arquitecto en sus obras de la Plaza de la Remonta y de El Espinillo, divulgándose por su potencial arquitectónico, tanto en Europa como en América.En este artículo se retoman las posibilidades del incremento de prestaciones de la fábrica armada Murfor con "arcos atirantados ciegos de gran luz", establecidas por primera vez en el Manual español, lo que permite salvar 6m de luz con solamente 2 armaduras Murfor de 5mm de diámetro en la parte inferior de los dinteles.Los autores agradecen la inestimable colaboración de los Institutos de Investigación IBAC de Aachen (Alemania) y el I.E. Torroja de Madrid (España), por haber hecho posible esta interesante colaboración investigadora europea de valor internacional.Peer reviewe

Economic evaluation of the primary recovery of tetracycline with traditional and novel aqueous two-phase systems

Antibiotics are a key pharmaceutical to inhibit growth or kill microorganisms. They represent a profitable market and, in particular, tetracycline has been listed as an essential medicine by the WHO. Therefore it is important to improve their production processes. Recently novel and traditional aqueous two-phase systems for the extraction have been developed with positive results. The present work performs an economic analysis of the production and recovery of tetracycline through the use of several ATPS through bioprocess modeling using specialized software (BioSolve, Biopharm Services Ltd, UK) to determine production costs per gram (CoG/g). First, a virtual model was constructed using published data on the recovery of tetracycline and extended to incorporate uncertainties. To determine how the model behaved, a sensitivity analysis and Monte Carlo simulations were performed. Results showed that ATPS formed by cholinium chloride/K3PO4 was the best option to recover tetracycline, as it had the lowest CoG/g (US$ 672.83/g), offered the highest recovery yield (92.42%), second best sample input capacity (45% of the ATPS composition) and one of the lowest materials contribution to cost. The ionic liquid-based method of ATPS is a promising alternative for recovering tetracycline from fermentation broth.publishe

[Factors associated with health promoting behaviors among Chilean adolescents].

BACKGROUND: Health-promoting behaviors are important to prevent diseases and prolong life in the population. People develop these behaviors throughout life. However, better benefits for health are obtained with an early development. AIM: To determine the prevalence of health-promoting behaviors among early adolescents and its associated factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cross-sectional survey performed in 1,465 students of high, medium and low socio-economic status, attending fifth to eighth grades of schools located in a small Chilean city. Participants answered a questionnaire that gathered information about frequency of health-promoting behaviors such as health responsibility and nutrition, physical exercise and stress management, life appreciation, social support and different personal, school and familial factors. RESULTS: A higher frequency of health-promoting behaviors was associated with better academic achievement, better school commitment, and higher perception of school membership. It also was associated with a better perception of health status and a higher conformity with physical appearance. CONCLUSIONS: Health promoting behaviors in these children are related to a better academic achievement and a higher integration with school environment

[Smoking and alcohol use among Chilean teenagers aged 10 to 14 years].

BACKGROUND: Smoking and alcohol use are risky behaviors that can start early in life. AIM: To determine the lifetime prevalence of tobacco and alcohol use in adolescents aged 10 to 14 years and related factors. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A survey about smoking and alcohol use was answered by 1,392 teenagers aged 10 to 14 years (46% women) from seven schools in a small city near Santiago. Personal, family, and school factors were evaluated through self-report scales. Smoking and alcohol use, as dichotomous dependent variables, were defined as having consumed any of these substances throughout life. Prevalence was calculated as percentages with 95% confidence intervals. Association analyses were conducted using multivariable logistic regression models. RESULTS: Six and eleven percent of participants reported having smoked and used alcohol in their life, respectively. Smoking was associated with age, having behavioral problems, mothers� smoking, perceiving that parents had drug problems, and not living with both parents. Alcohol use was mainly associated with age, having behavioral problems, perceiving that other students consumed drugs, alcohol use by both parents, and perceiving a lack of family support. CONCLUSIONS: Tobacco and alcohol use is highly prevalent in adolescents aged 10-14 years. There were common risk factors for smoking and alcohol use such as age and having behavioral problems, while other factors were more specific such as mothers� smoking, or parental alcohol use

Análisis in silico de la interacción entre IclR y el regulador transcripcional de virulencia PerA de Escherichia coli enteropatógena

Escherichia coli enteropatógena (EPEC) es un patógeno causante de diarrea que afecta a menores de 6 meses de edad, pertenece a una familia de patógenos que forman la lesión AE (Attaching and Effacing), caracterizada por la destrucción de las microvellosidades y la formación de una estructura en forma de pedestal sobre la cual la bacteria se adhiere al enterocito. Uno de los factores de virulencia de EPEC es BFP (Bundle Forming Pilus), una fimbria tipo IV que contribuye a la adherencia inicial mediante la formación de microcolonias y la autoagregación. La expresión de BFP es activada a nivel transcripcional por PerA, un regulador tipo AraC/XylS. PerA activa también su propia expresión y la de PerC, un activador de los genes ubicados en la isla de patogenicidad LEE (Locus of enterocyte effacement). El mecanismo que emplea PerA como activador no es completamente entendido, recientemente demostramos que interactúa con la maquinaria transcripcional pero qué determina su función como activador todavía no ha sido analizado. Mediante estudios de proteómica, identificamos que PerA podría interactuar con diversas proteínas reguladoras de EPEC, lo que sugiere que dichas interacciones posiblemente modulan su función como activador. Una de estas proteínas es IclR, un regulador de la familia IclR que incluye a represores, activadores y de papel dual. Los miembros de esta familia regulan procesos involucrados en metabolismo, patogenicidad, percepción del quorum, entre otros. IclR reprime genes implicados en la vía del glioxilato y, aunque no hay una relación directa en la virulencia en EPEC, el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar mediante análisis bioinformáticos la interacción con PerA. Para esto, se obtuvo la secuencia primaria de IclR y PerA, se calculó la interacción con "PSOPIA". Posteriormente, se determinó la afinidad de unión con "PPA-Pred2", se analizaron los sitios de interacción con "iFrag" y se usó “HawkDock” para calcular la energía libre de unión. Para modelar la interacción, se utilizó “AlphaFold2” y se visualizaron con PyMOL. Los análisis de interacción entre las secuencias con PPA-Pred2 mostraron una ΔG de -5.2 kcal/mol y una kD 7.54e - 12 M. El modelo de acoplamiento molecular mostró una energía libre de unión de - 28,5 kcal/mol. En conjunto, los resultados obtenidos indican una potencial interacción entre IclR y PerA, estudios experimentales permitirán confirmar tal interacción y el papel de la misma en la modulación de PerA, lo que permitirá ampliar el conocimiento sobre el mecanismo que utiliza este importante regulador de virulencia de EPEC

Fertilization and connectivity in the Garrucha Canyon (SE-Spain) Implications for Marine Spatial Planning

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Artificial Modifications of the Coast In Response to the \u3ci\u3eDeepwater Horizon\u3c/i\u3e Oil Spill: Quick Solutions or Long-Term Liabilities?

The Deepwater Horizon oil spill threatened many coastal ecosystems in the Gulf of Mexico during the spring and summer of 2010. Mitigation strategies included the construction of barrier sand berms, the restriction or blocking of inlets, and the diversion of freshwater from rivers to the coastal marshes and into the ocean, in order to flush away the oil, on the premise that these measures could reduce the quantity of oil reaching sensitive coastal environments such as wetlands or estuaries. These projects result in changes to the ecosystems that they were intended to protect. Long-term effects include alterations of the hydrological and ecological characteristics of estuaries, changes in sediment transport along the coastal barrier islands, the loss of sand resources, and adverse impacts to benthic and pelagic organisms. Although there are no easy solutions for minimizing the impacts of the Deepwater Horizon disaster on coastal ecosystems, we recommend that federal, state, and local agencies return to the strategic use of long-term restoration plans for this region