Testbeds for Future Wireless Networks

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Coste de la limpieza “cotidiana” de playas

Más de 90.000 buques mercantes al año cruzan el Estrecho de Gibraltar de los que aproximadamente un 5% son petroleros. Ello, conjuntamente con la existencia de varios puertos con refinerías y polígonos industriales petroquímicos y la práctica del bunkering para aprovisionamiento de combustible, hace a la costa gaditana un punto de riesgo para la contaminación por hidrocarburos (Carmona et al., 2009). La Demarcación de Costas de Andalucía-Atlántico (DCAA), dependiente del Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente, ha realizado en numerosas ocasiones la limpieza de su litoral debido a la polución producida por ese tipo de vertidos (Carmona et al., 2012), existiendo ya alguna bibliografía sobre cómo abordar la retirada de alquitrán y otros derivados similares de las playas (e.g. DGC 2005, CEPRECO 2006a, CEPRECO 2006b). Sin embargo, además de la fracción no volátil de los hidrocarburos, existe otro tipo de desechos, naturales y/o antrópicos, que llegan a nuestras playas y que, debido sobre todo al carácter turístico de nuestro litoral, deben ser recogidos. Por ley, esta limpieza corresponde a las autoridades locales. No obstante, debido a la escasez de su presupuesto, los municipios suelen atender prioritariamente a la limpieza de las playas más urbanas y de máxima utilización. Es por este motivo que, dentro de un espíritu de colaboración entre Administraciones, la DCAA, mediante su partida de conservación y mantenimiento, ha apoyado las tareas de los Ayuntamientos, reforzando la labor municipal en las playas más concurridas y limpiando aquellas que son menos visitadas ya sea por su lejanía del casco urbano o por su escasez de servicios. En esta ponencia se presentarán los medios humanos y materiales con los que se cuenta para esta tarea, aportando cifras de toneladas de basura retiradas y coste del trabajo, junto con una comparación superficial con los datos de otros organismos y alguna sugerencia de posibles mejoras de la productividad

Revisión de literatura: estilos de aprendizaje

The present essay reflects on the ideas and theories that exist around the style of learning. First defines this tool as one of the elementary but decisive forms in acquiring knowledge. Also, like the preferences or general tendencies that a person uses like own method to learn. They are strategies that, somehow, we use each one of us to learn. Although concrete strategies may vary according to what we are trying to learn, each of us tends to develop a similar global system. One of the objectives of this essay is based on the need that people have to learn in different ways, according to the senses that we consider to be most useful to receive, process and respond to the information we receive from the environment.El presente ensayo reflexiona acerca de las ideas y teorías que existen alrededor de los estilo de aprendizaje. Define primeramente a esta herramienta como una de las formas elementales pero decisivas a la hora de adquirir conocimientos. Asimismo, como las preferencias o tendencias generales que una persona utiliza como método propio para aprender. Son estrategias que, de alguna manera, utilizamos cada uno de nosotros para aprender. Aunque unas estrategias concretas pueden variar según lo que intentamos aprender, cada uno de nosotros tiende a desarrollar un sistema global similar. Uno de los objetivos de este ensayo se fundamenta en la necesidad que tenemos las personas de aprender de formas diferentes, de acuerdo a los sentidos que consideramos nos son más útiles al recibir, procesar y responder ante la información que captamos del medio

Turbidity and Other Effects Resulting from Trafalgar Sandbank Dredging and Palmar Beach Nourishment

Beach-nourishment requirements on the southwestern Spanish coast have led to a significant increase in offshore dredging. Following a new research line, assessment of changes recorded in physicochemical and biological parameters due to dredging and dumping operations was performed at the Cape of Trafalgar and Palmar Beach during June and July 2008. Turbidity, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature, and suspended-sediment data were collected at 10 stations. At the end of the study, a three-campaign monitoring program was implemented for 1 year to assess the possible effects on biological communities and sediment properties. The relevant results, such as the average extent of the sediment plume (< 400 m) and its persistence in the environment (< 10 min), are discussed in this paper. A precise correlation between turbidity and suspended sediments and the recovery time of ecological balance were also established. Furthermore, minimal and reversible effects caused by dredging and dumping operations in this type of marine environment were identified

Lipid profile, cardiovascular disease and mortality in a Mediterranean high-risk population: The ESCARVAL-RISK study.

The potential impact of targeting different components of an adverse lipid profile in populations with multiple cardiovascular risk factors is not completely clear. This study aims to assess the association between different components of the standard lipid profile with all-cause mortality and hospitalization due to cardiovascular events in a high-risk population. This prospective registry included high risk adults over 30 years old free of cardiovascular disease (2008-2012). Diagnosis of hypertension, dyslipidemia or diabetes mellitus was inclusion criterion. Lipid biomarkers were evaluated. Primary endpoints were all-cause mortality and hospital admission due to coronary heart disease or stroke. We estimated adjusted rate ratios (aRR), absolute risk differences and population attributable risk associated with adverse lipid profiles. 51,462 subjects were included with a mean age of 62.6 years (47.6% men). During an average follow-up of 3.2 years, 919 deaths, 1666 hospitalizations for coronary heart disease and 1510 hospitalizations for stroke were recorded. The parameters that showed an increased rate for total mortality, coronary heart disease and stroke hospitalization were, respectively, low HDL-Cholesterol: aRR 1.25, 1.29 and 1.23; high Total/HDL-Cholesterol: aRR 1.22, 1.38 and 1.25; and high Triglycerides/HDL-Cholesterol: aRR 1.21, 1.30, 1.09. The parameters that showed highest population attributable risk (%) were, respectively, low HDL-Cholesterol: 7.70, 11.42, 8.40; high Total/HDL-Cholesterol: 6.55, 12.47, 8.73; and high Triglycerides/HDL-Cholesterol: 8.94, 15.09, 6.92. In a population with cardiovascular risk factors, HDL-cholesterol, Total/HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides/HDL-cholesterol ratios were associated with a higher population attributable risk for cardiovascular disease compared to other common biomarkers.S

Phenotypic and molecular characterization of IMP-producing Enterobacterales in Spain: Predominance of IMP-8 in Klebsiella pneumoniae and IMP-22 in Enterobacter roggenkampii

Objectives: Little is known about IMP-producing Enterobacterales (IMP-Ent) in Europe. We analyzed at genomic and phenotypic level IMP-Ent isolates circulating in Spain in a 9-year period. Materials and methods: IMP-Ent isolates submitted to our reference laboratory were included. Antibiotic susceptibility was performed using microdilution method (EUCAST), and IMP-carbapenemase activity was measured with carbapenemase inhibitors, the β-CARBA method, the modified Hodge test (MHT), and the modified carbapenemase inhibition method (mCIM). All isolates collected were sequenced for high-resolution single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) typing, core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST), and resistome analysis. Results: Fifty IMP-Ent isolates, collected from 19 hospitals in 13 Spanish provinces, were detected: Klebsiella pneumoniae (IMP-Kpn) (24; 48%), Enterobacter roggenkampii (13; 26%), Enterobacter hormaechei (8, 16%), Klebsiella oxytoca (two; 4%), Enterobacter asburiae (one, 2%), Serratia marcescens (one; 2%) and Escherichia coli (one; 2%). All isolates were positive by the MHT and β-CARBA tests; 48 (96%) were mCIM positive; 12 (24%) and 26 (52%) displayed positive inhibition with dipicolinic (meropenem) and EDTA (ertapenem), respectively. Five IMP-carbapenemase types were identified: IMP-8 (22; 44%), IMP-22 (17; 34%), IMP-13 (7; 14%), IMP-28 (two; 4%), and IMP-15 (two; 4%), predominating IMP-8 in K. pneumoniae and IMP-22 in E. roggenkampii. IMP-28 was exclusively identified in K. oxytoca and IMP-15 in E. hormaechei. Predominant STs were ST405 (29.2%), ST15 (25%) and ST464 (20.8%) in IMP-Kpn; ST96 (100%) in E. roggenkampii and ST182 (62.5%) in E. hormachei. Colistin and amikacin were the most active non-carbapenem antibiotics against IMP-Ent. Conclusion: IMP-Ent isolates remain infrequent in Spain, although in recent years have been circulating causing nosocomial outbreaks, being IMP-8-producing K. pneumoniae and IMP-22-producing E. roggenkampii the most frequently detected in this study. Inhibition with EDTA or dipicolinic acid presented false negative results in some IMP-producing strains. Active microbiological and molecular surveillance is essential for a better comprehension and control of IMP-Ent dissemination.This research was supported by grants from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (numbers PI18CIII/00030 and PI21CIII/00039). This research was also supported by CIBER-Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CB21/13/00095 and CB21/13/000968), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and Unión Europea – NextGenerationEU. This work was supported by Plan Nacional de I + D + i 2013–2016 and Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdirección General de Redes y Centros de Investigación Cooperativa, Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI RD16CIII/0004/0002 and REIPI RD16/0016/0007) and co-financed by the European Development Regional Fund (EDRF), “A way to achieve Europe,” Operative program Intelligent Growth, 2014–2020.S

Lesión renal aguda en trabajadores rurales: Una nefropatía por estrés ambiental

Introducción: la nefropatía mesoamericana es una nefropatía túbulo-intersticial cuya etiología aún se desconoce. Sin embargo, se han descrito casos clínicos similares a esta en otras regiones geográficamente distantes y étnicamente diversas. Aun así, todos tienen un factor común: la intensidad del calor y el trabajo físico rural. Objetivo: estudiar si esta entidad podría presentarse entre trabajadores rurales de una región no mesoamericana con condiciones climáticas y laborales similares, en el campo del Caribe colombiano y considerar cuánto podría pesar en su patogénesis la deshidratación repetitiva. Materiales y metodología: se realizó un estudio observacional, basado en un trabajo de campo en una finca de Sitio Nuevo (Colombia) en 28 voluntarios trabajadores rurales (arrozales), a quienes se les tomó peso, presión arterial y muestras de sangre y orina para medir electrolitos y osmolaridad, en 2 momentos del día (mañana y tarde). Resultados: de los 28 trabajadores jóvenes evaluados, 5 (18 %) presentaron aumento significativo de la creatinina sérica durante el día (0,8±0,15 vs 1,2±0,17, p<0,001). El volumen de agua ingerido por los trabajadores fue muy variable (2.861 ± 1.591 cc). Hubo un aumento significativo en los valores de sodio sérico (p<0,001) y osmolaridad urinaria (p=0,01) entre los valores de la mañana y la tarde en estos 5 pacientes. Conclusión: el dieciocho por ciento de los trabajadores evaluados desarrolló parámetros compatibles con daño renal agudo y deshidratación durante la jornada laboral en el campo del Caribe colombiano.Introduction: Mesoamerican nephropathy is a tubule-interstitial nephropathy whose etiology is still unknown. However, clinical cases like Mesoamerican nephropathy have been described in other geographically distant and ethnically diverse regions. Still, they all have a common factor: the intensity of heat and rural physical labor. Objective: To study whether this entity could occur among rural workers in a non-Mesoamerican region with similar climatic and working conditions, in the Colombian Caribbean countryside, and to consider how much repetitive dehydration could weigh in its pathogenesis. Methodology: An observational study was carried out, based on field work in a farm in Sitio Nuevo (Colombia) with 28 rural worker volunteers (rice fields), who were measured for weight, blood pressure, and blood and urine samples to measure electrolytes and osmolarity, at 2 times of the day (morning and evening). Results: Of the 28 young men workers evaluated, 5 (18 %) presented a significant increase in serum creatinine during the day (0.8±0.15 vs 1.2±0.17, p<0.001). The volume of water ingested by the workers was highly variable (2,861 ± 1,591 cc). There was a significant increase in serum sodium (p<0.001), and urinary osmolarity (p=0.01) values between morning and afternoon values in these 5 patients. Conclusions: Eighteen percent (18 %) of the workers evaluated developed parameters compatible with acute kidney injury and dehydration during the workday in the Colombian Caribbean countryside.Fil: Musso, Carlos. Hospital Italiano; ArgentinaFil: Aroca Martínez, Gustavo. Universidad Simon Bolivar.; Venezuela. Clínica de la Costa; ColombiaFil: Avendaño Echavez, Lil. Clínica de la Costa; ColombiaFil: Cadena Bonfanti, Andrés. Universidad Simon Bolivar.; Venezuela. Clínica de la Costa; ColombiaFil: Castillo, Luis. Clínica de la Costa; Colombia. Universidad Simon Bolivar.; VenezuelaFil: González Torres, Henry. Clínica de la Costa; Colombia. Universidad Simon Bolivar.; VenezuelaFil: Conde, Juan C.. Clínica de la Costa; Colombia. Universidad Simon Bolivar.; VenezuelaFil: Navarro Quiroz, Elkin. Universidad Simon Bolivar.; Venezuela. Clínica de la Costa; ColombiaFil: Peña Vargas, William. Clínica de la Costa; ColombiaFil: Hernandez, Sandra. Clínica de la Costa; ColombiaFil: Velez Verbel, María de los Ángeles. Clínica de la Costa; ColombiaFil: Perez, Rafael. Clínica de la Costa; ColombiaFil: Sierra, Angélica. Clínica de la Costa; ColombiaFil: Rua, Zenen. Clínica de la Costa; ColombiaFil: Palmera, Jorge. Clínica de la Costa; ColombiaFil: Terrasa, Sergio Adrian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Hospital Italiano; Argentin

West Nile Virus, Venezuela

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2020-04-01T17:32:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AnthonyE_Guimaraes_etal_IOC_2007.pdf: 108341 bytes, checksum: db1489aeeb51b9f823abd6e1273378ef (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2020-04-01T17:51:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AnthonyE_Guimaraes_etal_IOC_2007.pdf: 108341 bytes, checksum: db1489aeeb51b9f823abd6e1273378ef (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2020-04-01T17:51:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnthonyE_Guimaraes_etal_IOC_2007.pdf: 108341 bytes, checksum: db1489aeeb51b9f823abd6e1273378ef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007University of Massachusetts Medical School. Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research. Worcester, MA, USA.Universidad de Carabobo Biomed. Maracay, Venezuela.Universidad Central de Venezuela. Caracas, Venezuela.Coleccion Ornitologica Phelps. Caracas, Venezuela.New York State Department of Health. Albany, New York, USA / State University of New York at Albany. Albany, New York, USA.New York State Department of Health. Albany, New York, USA / State University of New York at Albany. Albany, New York, USA.New York State Department of Health. Albany, New York, USA / State University of New York at Albany. Albany, New York, USA.Universidad Central de Venezuela. Maracay, Venezuela.Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrícolas. Maracay, Venezuela.Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, VenezuelaFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA.Universidad del Zulia. Maracaibo, Venezuela.Universidad de Carabobo Biomed. Maracay, Venezuela.Ministerio de Salud Insalud. Carabobo, Venezuela.Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, VenezuelaUniversidad de Carabobo Biomed. Maracay, Venezuela.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.Harvard School of Public Health. Boston, Massachusetts, USA.New York State Department of Health. Albany, New York, USA / State University of New York at Albany. Albany, New York, USA