Astrophysics with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna

Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will be a transformative experiment for gravitational wave astronomy as it will offer unique opportunities to address many key astrophysical questions in a completely novel way. The synergy with ground-based and other space-based instruments in the electromagnetic domain, by enabling multi-messenger observations, will add further to the discovery potential of LISA. The next decade is crucial to prepare the astrophysical community for LISA's first observations. This review outlines the extensive landscape of astrophysical theory, numerical simulations, and astronomical observations that are instrumental for modeling and interpreting the upcoming LISA datastream. To this aim, the current knowledge in three main source classes for LISA is reviewed: ultra-compact stellar-mass binaries, massive black hole binaries, and extreme or intermediate mass ratio inspirals. The relevant astrophysical processes and the established modeling techniques are summarized. Likewise, open issues and gaps in our understanding of these sources are highlighted, along with an indication of how LISA could help make progress in the different areas. New research avenues that LISA itself, or its joint exploitation with studies in the electromagnetic domain, will enable, are also illustrated. Improvements in modeling and analysis approaches, such as the combination of numerical simulations and modern data science techniques, are discussed. This review is intended to be a starting point for using LISA as a new discovery tool for understanding our Universe

1er. Coloquio de educación para el diseño en la sociedad 5.0

Las memorias del 1er. Coloquio de Educación para el Diseño en la Sociedad 5.0 debenser entendidas como un esfuerzo colectivo de la comunidad de académicos de la División de Ciencias y Artes para el Diseño, que pone de manifiesto los retos y oportunidades que enfrenta la educación en diseño en un contexto de cambio acelerado y rompimiento de paradigmas.El evento se realizó el pasado mes de mayo de 2018 y se recibieron más de 50 ponencias por parte de las profesoras y profesores de la División.Las experiencias y/o propuestas innovadoras en cuanto a procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje que presentan los autores en cada uno de sus textos son una invitación a reflexionar sobre nuestra situación actual en la materia, y emprender acciones en la División para continuar brindando una educación de calidad en diseño a nuestras alumnas, alumnos y la sociedad.Adicionalmente, se organizaron tres conferencias magistrales sobre la situación actual de la educación en Diseño y de las Instituciones de Educación Superior, impartidas por el Mtro. Luis Sarale, profesor de la Universidad Nacional de Cuyo en Mendoza (Argentina), y Presidente en su momento, de la Red de Carreras de Diseño en Universidades Públicas Latinoamericanas (DISUR), el Dr. Romualdo López Zárate, Rector de la Unidad Azcapotzalco, así como del Mtro. Luis Antonio Rivera Díaz, Jefe de Departamento de Teoría y Procesos del Diseño de la División de la Ciencias de la Comunicación y Diseño, en la Unidad Cuajimalpa de nuestra institución.La publicación de estas memorias son un esfuerzo divisional, organizado desde la Coordinación de Docencia Divisional y la Coordinación de Tecnologías del Aprendizaje, del Conocimiento y la Comunicación, para contribuir a los objetivos planteados en el documento ACCIONES:Agenda CyAD2021, en particular al eje de Innovación Educativa. Es necesario impulsar a todos los niveles de la División espacios de discusión orientados a reflexionar sobre el presente y futuro en la educación del diseñador, que contribuya a mejorar la calidad de la docencia y favorezca al fortalecimiento de los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje.Finalmente, extiendo un amplio reconocimiento a todos los miembros de la División que hicieron posible este evento, así como a todos los ponentes y participantes por compartir su conocimiento para que la División sea cada día mejor

La extensión de los suelos yesosos en San Luis Potosí, México.

12 Pags., 4 Tabls., 3 Figs.[EN] The gypseous soils of San Luis Potosí State, México, are not well map-delimited, despite their broad extent and the specificagricultural and environmental management they require. The present article highlights the location and extent of the gypseous lands in the Altiplano and Zona Media of San Luis Potosí State. For this purpose, soil, geology and vegetation maps as well as studies related to gypsum-rich soils, aerial photographs, and satellite maps (termed ‘espaciomapas’ in Spanish, these refer to Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper images of Red-Green-Blue:432 composition printed at 1:250,000 scale) were reviewed. Additionally, fieldand laboratory work were carried out. The maps provided by the Commission for Studies of the National Territory (CETENAL) proved very useful during the mapping process, especially as an initial reference to the presence of this soil type. The gypseous surface extent (397,258 ha) delineated in this study is double that (193,907 ha) reported in the CETENAL cartography at 1:50,000 scale. Moreover, areas with shallow gypsum, i.e., a gypseous horizon occurring at a depth of less than 50 cm, were discriminated from areas with deep gypsum (termed shallow and deep gypsum phases, respectively). This distinction between shallow and deep gypsum phases is very useful for resource management planning. The maps produced serve as a reference for specificstudies aimed at evaluating the suitability of land for production or environmental purposes at large scales, in which case more detailed mapping will be required.[ES] Los suelos yesosos del Estado de San Luis Potosí no están bien delimitados pese a ocupar extensiones considerables y requerir un manejo agrícola y ambiental específico.En este trabajo se indaga la localización y extensión de la superficieyesosa en el Altiplano y Zona Media del Estado de San Luis Potosí, México. Para ello se consultó información cartográfic de suelos, de geología y de vegetación, así como estudios relacionados con suelos ricos en yeso; además, se usaron fotografías aéreas, espaciomapas (imágenes Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper en composición Rojo-Verde-Azul: 432 impresas a escala 1:250000), y se llevó a cabo trabajo de campo y de laboratorio. Los mapas de la Comisión de Estudios del Territorio Nacional fueron de gran ayuda en el proceso de cartografía, sobre todo como referencia inicial de la presencia de materiales yesosos. La superficieyesosa delimitada en el presente estudio (397.258 ha) duplica la reportada (193.907 ha) en la cartografía de la Comisión de Estudios del Territorio Nacional a escala 1:50.000. Además se discriminaron áreas con yeso somero, es decir, con horizonte yesoso a menos de 50 cm de profundidad, y áreas con yeso profundo. Esta discriminación entre fase somera y fase profunda es muy útil para planear el manejo de estos suelos. Los mapas generados sirven como referencia para estudios específicos,encaminados a evaluar la aptitud de la tierra con finesproductivos o de protección ambiental a escalas grandes, en cuyo caso debería levantarse cartografía más detallada.Peer reviewe

Approximation of the surface of gypseous soils in San Luis Potosí, Mexico

The gypseous soils of San Luis Potosí State, México, are not well map-delimited, despite their broad extent and the specific agricultural and environmental management they require. The present article highlights the location and extent of the gypseous lands in the Altiplano and Zona Media of San Luis Potosí State. For this purpose, soil, geology and vegetation maps as well as studies related to gypsum-rich soils, aerial photographs, and satellite maps (termed 'espaciomapas' in Spanish, these refer to Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper images of Red-Green-Blue:432 composition printed at 1:250,000 scale) were reviewed. Additionally, field and laboratory work were carried out. The maps provided by the Commission for Studies of the National Territory (CETENAL) proved very useful during the mapping process, especially as an initial reference to the presence of this soil type. The gypseous surface extent (397,258 ha) delineated in this study is double that (193,907 ha) reported in the CETENAL cartography at 1:50,000 scale. Moreover, areas with shallow gypsum, i.e., a gypseous horizon occurring at a depth of less than 50 cm, were discriminated from areas with deep gypsum (termed shallow and deep gypsum phases, respectively). This distinction between shallow and deep gypsum phases is very useful for resource management planning. The maps produced serve as a reference for specific studies aimed at evaluating the suitability of land for production or environmental purposes at large scales, in which case more detailed mapping will be required.Los suelos yesosos del Estado de San Luis Potosí no están bien delimitados pese a ocupar extensiones considerables y requerir un manejo agrícola y ambiental específico. En este trabajo se indaga la localización y extensión de la superficie yesosa en el Altiplano y Zona Media del Estado de San Luis Potosí, México. Para ello se consultó información cartográfica de suelos, de geología y de vegetación, así como estudios relacionados con suelos ricos en yeso; además, se usaron fotografías aéreas, espaciomapas (imágenes Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper en composición Rojo-Verde-Azul: 432 impresas a escala 1:250000), y se llevó a cabo trabajo de campo y de laboratorio. Los mapas de la Comisión de Estudios del Territorio Nacional fueron de gran ayuda en el proceso de cartografía, sobre todo como referencia inicial de la presencia de materiales yesosos. La superficie yesosa delimitada en el presente estudio (397.258 ha) duplica la reportada (193.907 ha) en la cartografía de la Comisión de Estudios del Territorio Nacional a escala 1:50.000. Además se discriminaron áreas con yeso somero, es decir, con horizonte yesoso a menos de 50 cm de profundidad, y áreas con yeso profundo. Esta discriminación entre fase somera y fase profunda es muy útil para planear el manejo de estos suelos. Los mapas generados sirven como referencia para estudios específicos, encaminados a evaluar la aptitud de la tierra con fines productivos o de protección ambiental a escalas grandes, en cuyo caso debería levantarse cartografía más detallada

Sistema de dirección de helicóptero recreativo a través de internet usando dispositivos con sistema operativo android

En el siguiente artículo se tiene como objetivo el reemplazar el medio de comunicación basado en radio frecuencia que utilizan los helicópteros de radio control recreativos y substituirlo por un protocolo de comunicación a través de internet inalámbrico Wifi y utilizar un teléfono con sistema operativo Android como terminal de control, esto con el fin de desarrollar un sistema controlable desde internet y que sea capaz de utilizarse en un futuro como sistema de vigilancia. El método para el desarrollo para este Artículo se dividió en cuatro partes fundamentales: la interpretación del funcionamiento del helicóptero, el protocolo de comunicación, la programación de microcontroladores y la programación de aplicaciones para Android

Fibroblast growth factor-23 promotes rhythm alterations and contractile dysfunction in adult ventricular cardiomyocytes

BACKGROUND: Cardiac dysfunction and arrhythmia are common and onerous cardiovascular events in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, especially those on dialysis. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-23 is a phosphate-regulating hormone whose levels dramatically increase as renal function declines. Beyond its role in phosphorus homeostasis, FGF-23 may elicit a direct effect on the heart. Whether FGF-23 modulates ventricular cardiac rhythm is unknown, prompting us to study its role on excitation-contraction (EC) coupling. METHODS: We examined FGF-23 in vitro actions on EC coupling in adult rat native ventricular cardiomyocytes using patch clamp and confocal microscopy and in vivo actions on cardiac rhythm using electrocardiogram. RESULTS: Compared with vehicle treatment, FGF-23 induced a significant decrease in rat cardiomyocyte contraction, L-type Ca2+ current, systolic Ca2+ transients and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) load and SR Ca2+-adenosine triphosphatase 2a pump activity. FGF-23 induced pro-arrhythmogenic activity in vitro and in vivo as automatic cardiomyocyte extracontractions and premature ventricular contractions. Diastolic spontaneous Ca2+ leak (sparks and waves) was significantly increased by FGF-23 via the calmodulin kinase type II (CaMKII)-dependent pathway related to hyperphosphorylation of ryanodine receptors at the CaMKII site Ser2814. Both contraction dysfunction and spontaneous pro-arrhythmic Ca2+ events induced by FGF-23 were blocked by soluble Klotho (sKlotho).Sin financiación4.531 JCR (2019) Q1, 5/24 Transplantation, 12/85 Urology & Nephrology1.857 SJR (2019) Q1, 4/41 Transplantation, 6/66 Nephrology, 170/2754 Medicine (miscellaneous)No data IDR 2019UE

The transfection of BDNF to dopamine neurons potentiates the effect of dopamine D3 receptor agonist recovering the striatal innervation, dendritic spines and motor behavior in an aged rat model of Parkinson's disease.

The progressive degeneration of the dopamine neurons of the pars compacta of substantia nigra and the consequent loss of the dopamine innervation of the striatum leads to the impairment of motor behavior in Parkinson's disease. Accordingly, an efficient therapy of the disease should protect and regenerate the dopamine neurons of the substantia nigra and the dopamine innervation of the striatum. Nigral neurons express Brain Derived Neurotropic Factor (BDNF) and dopamine D3 receptors, both of which protect the dopamine neurons. The chronic activation of dopamine D3 receptors by their agonists, in addition, restores, in part, the dopamine innervation of the striatum. Here we explored whether the over-expression of BDNF by dopamine neurons potentiates the effect of the activation of D3 receptors restoring nigrostriatal innervation. Twelve-month old Wistar rats were unilaterally injected with 6-hydroxydopamine into the striatum. Five months later, rats were treated with the D3 agonist 7-hydroxy-N,N-di-n-propy1-2-aminotetralin (7-OH-DPAT) administered i.p. during 4½ months via osmotic pumps and the BDNF gene transfection into nigral cells using the neurotensin-polyplex nanovector (a non-viral transfection) that selectively transfect the dopamine neurons via the high-affinity neurotensin receptor expressed by these neurons. Two months after the withdrawal of 7-OH-DPAT when rats were aged (24 months old), immunohistochemistry assays were made. The over-expression of BDNF in rats receiving the D3 agonist normalized gait and motor coordination; in addition, it eliminated the muscle rigidity produced by the loss of dopamine. The recovery of motor behavior was associated with the recovery of the nigral neurons, the dopamine innervation of the striatum and of the number of dendritic spines of the striatal neurons. Thus, the over-expression of BDNF in dopamine neurons associated with the chronic activation of the D3 receptors appears to be a promising strategy for restoring dopamine neurons in Parkinson's disease

Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-23 induces ventricular arrhytmogenesis through Ca2+ handling dysregulation

Resumen del trabajo presentado al European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Congress, celebrado en Barcelona (España) del 26 al 30 de agosto de 2017.[Introduction] Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-23 is a hormone synthesized in bones in response of an increase in circulating phosphate levels. It is known that patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) show high serum levels of FGF-23 and this increment is gradual as CKD progresses. Despite of FGF-23 has been classically associated to renal dysfunction, during the last years is also considered as a non-conventional risk factor of cardiovascular (CV) disease. However, it is completely unknown whether FGF-23 might alter cardiac contractile function, especially in advanced stages of renal disease in which circulating FGF-23 levels are strongly increased.[Purpose] 1) Analyze whether FGF-23 impairs calcium (Ca2+) handling, a key regulator of contractile function and consequently the ventricular rhythm. 2) Analyze the circulating levels of FGF-23 in dialysis patients and its relationship with the ventricular rhythm.[Methods] Enzymatically isolated adult rat ventricular myocytes (n=9) were perfused firstly with a vehicle solution and subsequently with a FGF-23 solution (100 ng/mL). L-type Ca2+ current (ICaL) was recorded by the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Ca2+ handling and contractile function were analyzed using confocal microscopy. To determinate FGF-23-dependent pathways, cardiomyocytes were pre-incubated with the FGF-receptors inhibitor PD173074 (10 μmol/mL) or soluble klotho (s-klotho) (100 ng/mL). In addition, FGF-23 serum levels were measured by the FGF-23 (C-term) ELISA-kit in samples from patients under dialysis (n=52).[Results] FGF-23 induced a significant decline of ICaL (p1000 RU/mL of FGF-23 in 68% of total dialysis patients.[Conclusion] Our study uncovers FGF-23 as new target in the intracellular Ca2+ handling, able to impair contractile function and induce a pro-arrhythmogenic phenotype in adult cardiomyocytes.[Future perspectives] Alterations evoked by FGF-23 in cardiomyocytes could explain the CV events observed in patients with CKD, especially those in dialysis. The next step will be to analyze in CKD patients whether high FGF-23 levels impair cardiac function and heart rhythm.This work was supported by grants CP15/00129 from ISCIII, Fundaciόn SENEFRO and Fondos FEDER.Peer reviewe