PHYSICAL AND HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENT: RELATIVE SUBSTITUTES IN THE ENDOGENOUS GROWTH PROCESS

This paper aims at studying the interaction between growth of real output and human capital accumulation when education requires investment of physical resources. To this end we investigate the aggregate implications of individual specific uncertainty about returns to investment in education in the absence of insurance markets. We do so in a general equilibrium OLG model in which physical resources must be devoted to education in order to accumulate human capital. We find that uncertainty with incomplete financial markets may strongly affect individual behavior but not the aggregate of the economy: different degrees of uncertainty will induce different intensities of human to physical capital but will not have a significant impact on the long run growth rate of the economy. This framework allows us to conclude that investing less in education in relative terms does not necessarily lead to less growth: the accumulation of physical and human capital display some degree of substitutability as an engine for long run growth.Overlapping generations, Investment in education, Uninsured shocks, Human capital, Sustained growth.

FISCAL COMPETITION AND PUBLIC EDUCATION IN REGIONS

We explore an economy with two regions and independent local administrations. Local governments collect taxes to finance public education, but once educated agents can choose to migrate to the other region. The Nash equilibrium of the long-run game between the two governments is compared to a golden rule-type social optimum. Preliminary results show that the Nash equilibrium will result in over- or under-investment depending on the extent to which public education is subject to congestion.Successive generations, Public education, Federal and local government, Fiscal games.

The role of Mob proteins in protozoan cell cycle regulation

Tese de doutoramento em Ciências Veterinárias. Especialidade de Ciências Biológicas e BiomédicasABSTRACT- Proper cell division and control of cell proliferation are critical aspects in cell biology, with implications during embryonic development and in the maintenance of organisms’ homeostasis. Mob1 is a core protein of the Mitotic Exit Network and of the Hippo pathway, fundamental signaling cascades for the correct metaphase to anaphase transition and for the proper balance between cell proliferation and death. In this work we took advantage of two protozoan organisms to investigate the role of Mob1, the most ancient protein of the Hippo pathway. In the ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila we demonstrated that Mob1 has a polarized subcellular distribution, concentrating in the basal bodies of the cell posterior pole. During cell division, the protein also localizes in the region where the division plane is formed and its absence in this specific place leads to the mispositioning of division axis and cytokinesis impairment. These results revealed that Mob1 directly links proper cell polarity to correct cell division. Our studies of Mob1 in the apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii, also a permanent polarized unicellular organism, contributed to a better understanding of how parasites may regulate cell proliferation inside the host cell, a critical aspect for the course of infection. In T. gondii, Mob1 also localizes preferentially in the posterior pole of the cell, where the basal complex, which is essential for cytokinesis, is localized. Interestingly, in agreement with a role for Mob1 in proliferation control in T. gondii, we observed that mob1 mRNA levels are dramatically diminished when parasites are actively replicating inside the cell and that Mob1 overexpression leads to a delay in the parasite replication rate. Altogether, the work presented clearly positions Mob1 as an ancestral molecule playing a critical role in the cross-road of cell polarity establishment, correct cell division and proliferation control.RESUMO - O papel das proteínas Mob1 na regulação da divisão celular em protozoários - A divisão celular e o controlo da proliferação são aspectos fundamentais em biologia celular com implicações no desenvolvimento embrionário e na manutenção da homeostasia nos organismos. A proteína Mob1 é uma componente de duas vias de sinalização celular, a Mitotic Exit Network e a via de sinalização Hippo, cascatas de fosforilação essenciais para a correcta transição entre a metáfase a e a anáfase e para o balanço entre a proliferação/morte celular. Neste trabalho, utilizámos dois protozoários modelo para investigar a função da proteína Mob1, a mais ancestral das proteínas nas vias de sinalização referidas. No ciliado Tetrahymena thermophila, demonstrámos que a proteína Mob1 apresenta uma localização polarizada, estando principalmente concentrada nos corpos basais do polo posterior das células. Aquando da divisão celular, a Mob1 também é observada na região da célula onde se forma o eixo de divisão. Esta localização é essencial visto a ausência de Mob1 no local conduzir ao deslocamento do eixo e impedir a citocinese. O nosso estudo no parasita apicomplexa Toxoplasma gondii, um organismo também permanentemente polarizado, contribuiu para compreender melhor, o possível mecanismo de regulação da proliferação dos parasitas dentro da célula hospedeira, um aspecto essencial no desenvolvimento da infecção. Em T. gondii, a proteína Mob1 também se concentra no polo posterior da célula onde se localiza o complexo basal, uma estrutura envolvida na citocinese. Claramente suportando a nossa hipótese que a Mob1 desempenha um papel no controlo da proliferação, observámos que os níveis de RNA mensageiro do gene mob1 são drasticamente diminuídos quando os parasitas estão no período de replicação activa dentro das células hospedeiras. Adicionalmente, a acumulação da proteína no citoplasma dos parasitas provoca um atraso significativo na sua taxa de replicação. Em conjunto, o trabalho apresentado posiciona a proteína Mob1 como uma molécula ancestral envolvida na conexão entre o estabelecimento da polaridade, a correcta divisão e o controlo da proliferação celular.Instituto de Emprego e Formação Profissional - IEF

REGIONALISM, NATIONALISM & MODERN ARCHITECTURE

PALLINI, Cristina – Modern Architecture in the (re)Making of History. Schools and Museums in Greece, p. 11-23 PIMENTEL, Jorge Cunha – Rogério de Azevedo’s Regionalist Drift, p. 24-39 BIGHAM, Ashley – The Palace as Type. Finding Regionalism in Soviet Modernism, p. 41-53 CARVALHO, Rita Almeida de – The Junta de Colonização Interna and the shaping of the Estado Novo’s peasantry: newness and stagnation of the rural society, p. 54-62 CAPRESI, Vittoria – White Cubism Reloaded. The reinterpretation of Libyan Vernacular Architecture as the Answer to how to build in the Colony, p. 63-75 CESARO, Giorgia – Modernity from Far East. Kazuo Shinohara’s Fourth Space, p. 76-90 CRESCI, Edoardo – Piero Bottoni. Three houses on the Tyrrhenian Sea, p. 91-100 ESENWEIN, Fred – Agrarian Ideals in American Architecture Schools, p. 101-113 HSIAO, Leah – I. M. Pei’s Museum for Chinese Art, Shanghai, 1946. Modernism, regionalism and the search for an architectural representation of national identity, p. 114-127 JADRESIN MILIC, Renata; MADANOVIC, Milica – Romantic Visions vs. Rejection of Ideal Reconstruction, p. 128-143 JANOWSKI, Maciej – The patient searching of new forms of local architecture. Micro-intervention as the strategy of preservation of genius loci in Grison, p. 144-156 KLUSEMANN, Christian – Regionalism in GDR-Modernism of the 1960s and 1970s, p. 157-174 MAIA, Maria Helena; CARDOSO, Alexandra – Nationalism and Rural Modernization. The Spanish Tagus Valley colonization villages in the context of Southern European inner colonization, p. 175-189 MARCOLIN, Paolo – The settlements design of the Boalhosa’s agricultural colony. A dialectical perspective: between tradition and the construction of modernity, p. 190-201 MARGIONE, Emanuela – Italian Modern Architecture Between Rurality and Monumentality. The case study of the Italian New Towns as an experimental territory for the Modern Movement in Italy, p. 202-220 MARICCHIOLO, Luca – The Modern Appropriation of Urban Space Through Mediterranean Medinas, p. 221-236 MELA, Giulia – Luis Barragán and the invention of Mexican Regionalism, p. 237-249 NADOLNY, Adam – A diary of a polish architect and film maker from his travels to the west. Modern Italian architecture in the Polish documentaries dating back to the turn of the 1950s and 1960s, p. 250-264 NEZIK, Christin – The Search for a Contemporary Finnish Architecture. Adaptations of the vernacular tupa in the oeuvre of Herman Gesellius, Armas Lindgren, Eliel Saarinen, and Alvar Aalto, p. 265-280 OLIVEIRA, Tiago Cardoso de – Modern Architecture and Local Tradition in 1950`S Portuguese National Inns (Pousadas de Portugal), p. 281-295 PARRA-MARTINEZ, Jose; CROSSE, John – Lewis Mumford, Henry-Russell Hitchcock and the Rise of “Bay” Regionalism, p. 296-316 PEGIOUDIS, Nikos – An American ‘Parthenon’. Walter Gropius’s Athens US Embassy Building between Regionalism, International Style and National Identities, p. 317-329 PONZIO, Angelica – The [Latin] Modernism of Ponti, Costa and Barragán, p. 330-341 PRISTA, Marta Lalanda – Tradition and modernity in the Portuguese Inner Colonisation: the laboratorial case of Pegões, p. 342-355 ROMA, Chiara – The Space of Pompeian Domus towards Le Corbusier Hospital of Venice, p. 356-369 SAVAŞ, Ayşen – An Early Critique of International Modernism in the Anatolian Context, p. 370-381 SEBESTYÉN, Ágnes Anna – Disseminating the Regional within the Global. Representing Regionalist Ideas and the Global Scale of the Modern Movement in the Hungarian Journal ‘Tér és Forma’, p. 382-398 SIMON, Mariann; LACZÓ, Dániel – Deeply Embedded in Tradition. Interpretations of regional roots for modern Hungarian architecture in the 1960s, p. 399-411 SØBERG, Martin – Regionalism and the Functional Tradition in Danish Modern Architecture, p. 412-423 ŚWIT-JANKOWSKA, Barbara – The Polish Avant-Garde Architecture in the Interwar Period - Regionalism, Nationalism and Modern Architecture, p. 424-436 TERIBA, Adedoyin – Buildings Instead of Discourse. Empathy and Modern Architecture in West Africa, p. 437-448 TSAI, Jung-jen – The Construction of Chinese National Identity and the Designs of National Museums during the Early Post-war Period in Taiwan, p. 449-464 VIKHREVA, Natalia – The Roots of Brazilian Modern Architecture, p. 465-473info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

On the causes of the insurgency in Cabo Delgado: deforestation and illegality

Cabo Delgado, a province in northern Mozambique, has been under conflict since 2017. The province has also been affected by illegal logging for over two decades. We use georeferenced data (0.2 × 0.2 decimal degree level) on forest cover loss to comprehend the impact of the exploitation of timber on this insurgency, for the period 2017-2020. Resorting to exogenous international prices, our findings suggest that illegal logging is linked with a higher risk of conflict, whereas legal wood exploitation reduces it. The discovery of natural gas in the region also appears to increase conflict incidence through the forestry industry

Use of elicitors from macroalgae and microalgae in the management of pests and diseases in agriculture

Feeding a growing population is a big challenge for agriculture, being necessary for new and ecological alternatives to reduce chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Scientists have found that microand macroalgae are essential reservoirs of chemical compounds with a high potential role as biopesticides. Some of these molecules can act as elicitors, activating systemic and local defensive responses even without biotic stress. Among elicitors from macroalgae, there are ulvans, laminarin, alginate, carrageenan, glucuronan, fucans and tannins, which can activate plant defenses against viruses, bacteria, fungi, oomycetes, nematodes, and insects. The induction of defense mechanisms on crops by microalgae is related to their application as biomass, polysaccharides, exopolysaccharide or other elicitors, such as lactic acid or glucosamine. Unlike macroalgae, the biopesticide effect by microalgae has only been described against bacteria, fungi, and oomycetes, being necessary more studies to elucidate and discover their role as elicitors. In general, both macroand microalgae are sources of compounds with great potential as biopesticides following the current needs for the development of sustainable agriculture.Grants for the Recualification of the Spanish University System for 2021–2023, Public University of Navarra; Recualification Modality; Funded by the European Union – NextGenerationEU.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Comparing the content of instruments assessing environmental factors using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health

Purpose: To describe and compare the content of instruments that assess environmental factors using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, CINAHL and PEDro databases was conducted using a pre-determined search strategy. The identified instruments were screened independently by two investigators, and meaningful concepts were linked to the most precise ICF category according to published linking rules. Results: Six instruments were included, containing 526 meaningful concepts. Instruments had between 20% and 98% of items linked to categories in Chapter 1. The highest percentage of items from one instrument linked to categories in Chapters 2–5 varied between 9% and 50%. The presence or absence of environmental factors in a specific context is assessed in 3 instruments, while the other 3 assess the intensity of the impact of environmental factors. Discussion: Instruments differ in their content, type of assessment, and have several items linked to the same ICF category. Most instruments primarily assess products and technology (Chapter 1), highlighting the need to deepen the discussion on the theory that supports the measurement of environmental factors. This discussion should be thorough and lead to the development of methodologies and new tools that capture the underlying concepts of the ICF

Explorando el trabajo en la blogosfera: la paradoja del aprendizaje colaborativo

Con el objetivo de solucionar diversos problemas que surgieron en la puesta en práctica de una experiencia de innovación basada en la creación de una blogosfera, se llevó a cabo una investigación educativa y cualitativa a partir de la colaboración docente y de las opiniones del alumnado. Además de aspectos positivos, se detectaron dificultades en la gestión del trabajo en equipo y de familiarización con la herramienta a las que los propios estudiantes propusieron diversas soluciones. Abordar esta circunstancia de forma colaborativa y dando voz al alumnado ha permitido que la experiencia concluyera exitosamente, resultando ser una buena práctica educativa. With the aim of solving several problems that emerged during an innovative experience based on the creation of a blogosphere, an educational and qualitative research was conducted focusing on teacher’s collaboration and students’ opinions. Besides positive issues, difficulties related with teamwork management and also with the tool familiarization were found, but students themselves proposed several solutions. Dealing with this situation from a collaborative approach and listening students’ voices has allowed ending the experience successfully, proving to be a good educational practice

Las pruebas comprender como herramienta pedagógica

La Secretaría de Educación Distrital de Bogotá y el Instituto para la Investigación Educativa y el Desarrollo Pedagógico Idep puso en marcha el Laboratorio de evaluación de Bogotá que tiene como uno de sus propósitos generar espacios de discusión teórica, técnica y política en torno a la problemática de la evaluación desde una perspectiva investigativa. En ese sentido nace las pruebas comprender y el ejercicio reflexivo de los usos de la información como herramienta pedagógica. El presente artículo muestra algunos de los agentes que se asocian a la evaluación interna; y las aplicaciones que se hacen de los reportes de los resultados de evaluaciones masivas como son las pruebas comprender de matemáticas