The risk demographic predictors of low health promotion lifestyles in caregivers of children with disabilities

Session presented on Sunday, July 27, 2014: Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the risk demographic factors is related to the risk of low Health Promotion Lifestyles scale and subscales scores in caregivers of disabled children. We can early find the groups of risk demographic factors and provide those who have risk factors about the health promotion information and intervention. Methods: A total of 251 caregivers for health promotion assessment in the department of pediatric psychology and hereditary counseling and a setting of Taiwan muscular dystrophy association at southern Taiwan. Health-promoting lifestyle Scale in Chinese version was used to collect data, this HPL scale include six subscales of nutrition, exercise, health responsibility, stress management, social support and life appreciation. These data were analyzed by multiple logistic regression model and used the SPSS statistics softwave. Results: In order to compare the low HPLs (Health promotion lifestyle scale) scores and high HPLs scores groups from demographic factors, while adjusting for other effects in the multiple logistic regression model, we find that individuals with higher risk of low HPLs are those who under junior high school ( OR=5.18, p=0.004, CI=1.69~15.85) higher than people who are graduate degree, no married (OR=4.81, p=0.000, CI=2.13~10.86) higher than people who are married, and who are living in urban (OR=2.40, p=0.007, CI=1.27~4.54) higher than people who are living in rural and town, overall prediction accuracy of this model is 79.3%. In the subscale of Nutrition, we find that individuals with higher risk of low Nutrition subscale are those who are monthly income under 30,000 NT dollars (OR=4.14, p=0.000, CI=2.02~8.50) higher than people who are monthly income over 50,000 NT dollars, overall prediction accuracy of this model is 76.9 %. In the subscale of Exercise, we find that individuals with higher risk of low Exercise subscale scores are those who are no married (OR=4.14, p=0.000, CI=2.02~8.50) higher than people who are married, and who are living in urban (OR=2.65, p=0.003, CI=1.41~4.99) higher than people who are living in rural and town, prediction accuracy of this model is 78.90%.In the subscale of Health responsibility, we find that individuals with higher risk of low Health responsibility subscale scores are those who are living in urban (OR=2.28, p=0.007, CI=1.25~4.15) higher than people who are living in rural and town, and male (OR=2.13, p=0.015, CI=1.16~3.91) are higher than female, overall prediction accuracy of this model is 76.1 %. In the subscale of Stress Management, we find that individuals with higher risk of low Stress Management subscale scores are those who are monthly income under 30,000 NT dollars (OR=2.27, p=0.018, CI=1.18~6.04) and monthly income between 30,000 ~50,000NT dollars (OR=3.09, p=0.006, CI=1.39~6.86) higher than people who are monthly income over 50,000 NT dollars, overall prediction accuracy of this model is 82.1 %. In the subscale of Social Support, we find that individuals with higher risk of low Social Support subscale scores are those who are no married (OR=2.94, p=0.005, CI=1.39~6.22) higher than people who are married, overall prediction accuracy of this model is 75.5 %.In the subscale of Life Appreciate, we find that individuals with higher risk of low Life Appreciate subscale scores are those who are monthly income under 30,000 NT dollars (OR=2.79, p=0.004, CI=1.38~5.65) high than who are monthly income over 50,000 NT dollars, overall prediction accuracy of this model is 78.9 %. Conclusion: Summary the results of this study, the implications in clinic practice, the caregivers of children with disabled those who are lower income, no married, male, lower education level and living in urban must be provided support and intervention for nutrition, exercise, stress management, social support, health responsibility, and life appreciation

Evaluation of the Effect of Laser Acupuncture and Cupping with Ryodoraku and Visual Analog Scale on Low Back Pain

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of laser acupuncture (LA) and soft cupping on low back pain. In this study, the subjects were randomly assigned to two groups: active group (real LA and soft cupping) and placebo group (sham laser and soft cupping). Visual analog scale (VAS) and Ryodoraku were used to evaluate the effect of treatment on low back pain in this trial. Laser, 40 mW, wavelength 808 nm, pulse rate 20 Hz, was used to irradiate Weizhong (BL40) and Ashi acupoints for 10 minutes. And the Ryodoraku values were measured 2 times, that is, before and 15 minutes after treatment. The results show that there were significant difference between the first day baseline and the fifth day treatment in VAS in the two groups. Therefore, LA combined with soft cupping or only soft cupping was effective on low back pain. However, the Ryodoraku values of Bladder Meridian of the placebo group have been decreased apparently, and didn’t come back to their original values. It means that “cupping” plays the role of “leak or purge” in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). On the other hand, the Ryodoraku values of Bladder Meridian of the active group have been turned back to almost their original values; “mend or reinforcing” effect is attributed to the laser radiation

The diagnostic value of ultrasonography in carpal tunnel syndrome: a comparison between diabetic and non-diabetic patients

AbstractBackgroundTo compare the value of ultrasonography for diagnosing carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM).MethodsEighty non-DM and 40 DM patients with electromyography-confirmed CTS were assessed and underwent high-resolution ultrasonography of the wrists. Cross-sectional area (CSA) and flattening ratio (FR) of the median nerve were measured at the carpal tunnel outlet (D) and wrist crease (W).ResultsThe 80 non-DM and 40 DM patients had 81 and 59 CTS-hands, respectively. The CSA_D and CSA_W were significantly larger in the CTS-hands and DM-CTS-hands compared to the normal control (p &lt; 0.001). However, there is no difference of CSA_D and CSA_W between DM and non-DM CTS patients. Receiver operating characteristics [ROC] curve analysis revealed that CSA_W ≥13 mm2was the most powerful predictor of CTS in DM (area under curve [AUC] = 0.72; sensitivity 72.9%, specificity 61.9%) and non-DM (AUC = 0.72; sensitivity 78.5%, specificity 53.2%) patients. The CSA positively correlated with the distal motor latency of the median compound motor action potential (CMAP), distal sensory latency of the median sensory nerve action potential (SNAP), and latency of the median F wave, but negatively correlated with the amplitude of the median CMAP, amplitude of the median SNAP, and sensory NCV of the median nerve. Stepwise logistic regression revealed that CSA_W (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.07-1.38;p = 0.003) was independently associated with CTS in DM patients and any 1 mm2increase in CSA_W increased the rate of CTS by 28%.ConclusionsThe CSA of the median nerve at the outlet and wrist crease are significantly larger in CTS hands in both DM and non-DM patients compared to normal hands. The CSA of the median nerve by ultrasonography may be a diagnostic tool for evaluating CTS in DM and non-DM patients.</jats:sec

Presence of Human Bocavirus 1 in Hospitalised Children with Acute Respiratory Tract Infections in Latvia and Lithuania

Funding Information: This study was supported by Republic of China (Taiwan)-Republic of Latvia-Republic of Lithuania scientific collaboration project, "Establishing of the framework to track molecular epidemiology of Parvoviruses and to correlate sequence variability with different clinical manifestations" (Research Council of Latvia Nr. gr. 6-25/2012/0026, Research Council of Lithuania TAPLLT02/201) and by project Nr. RSU ZP 17/2013 "Epidemiology, pathogenicity of human Bocavirus (HBoV) species and possible association with lower respiratory tract illnesses and acute gastroenteritis in children". We are grateful to Rita Nikitenkiene and Irina Maksimova for technical help. Publisher Copyright: © 2016 by Zaiga Nora-Krūkle. Copyright: Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) is a parvovirus recently found to be a possible aetiologic agent of acute respiratory disease in children. We conducted the first clinical and molecular study on this virus in Latvia (LV) and Lithuania (LT). The aim of the study was to determine the occurrence of HBoV1 in respiratory tract samples taken from hospitalised children with acute respiratory tract infections in LV and LT. In total 186 children with age one to 50 months, and who fulfilled criteria of acute respiratory tract infection, including lower respiratory tract infections, with or without fever, were included in this study. A nasopharyngeal aspirate was obtained from each patient on admission. DNA was isolated and polimerase chain reaction (PCR) performed targeting the HBoV1 NS1sequence. HBoV1 positive samples were sequenced and phylogenetic analysis was performed. HBoV1 sequence was detected in 42 (32%) of 130 LV and in 8 (14%) of 56 LT samples. In LV the majority of patients with HBoV1 infection were observed in February while in LT in October. The phylogenetic tree for HBoV1 indicated that isolates of HBoV1 cluster closely and include almost all of the isolates in this study. HBoV1 is common in Latvia and Lithuania and might be a significant pathogen that contributes to acute respiratory tract infections in children.Peer reviewe

Serologic and Molecular Biologic Methods for SARS-associated Coronavirus Infection, Taiwan

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) has raised a global alert since March 2003. After its causative agent, SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV), was confirmed, laboratory methods, including virus isolation, reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and serologic methods, have been quickly developed. In this study, we evaluated four serologic tests ( neutralization test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA], immunofluorescent assay [IFA], and immunochromatographic test [ICT]) for detecting antibodies to SARS-CoV in sera of 537 probable SARS case-patients with correlation to the RT-PCR . With the neutralization test as a reference method, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 98.2%, 98.7%, 98.7%, and 98.4% for ELISA; 99.1%, 87.8%, 88.1% and 99.1% for IFA; 33.6%, 98.2%, 95.7%, and 56.1% for ICT, respectively. We also compared the recombinant-based western blot with the whole virus–based IFA and ELISA; the data showed a high correlation between these methods, with an overall agreement of >90%. Our results provide a systematic analysis of serologic and molecular methods for evaluating SARS-CoV infection

Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world. Methods: This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231. Findings: Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p < 0·001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17·8%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31·4%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39·8%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1·60, 95% credible interval 1·05–2·37; p=0·030). 132 (21·6%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16·6%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19·8%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35·9%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p < 0·001). Interpretation: Countries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication

YC-1 [3-(5Ј-Hydroxymethyl-2Ј-furyl)-1-benzyl Indazole] Inhibits Neointima Formation in Balloon-Injured Rat Carotid through Suppression of Expressions and Activities of Matrix Metalloproteinases 2 and 9

ABSTRACT Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), particularly MMP-2 and MMP-9, and postrevascularization production of vascular smooth muscle cells may play key roles in development of arterial restenosis. We investigated the inhibitory effect of 3-(5Ј-hydroxymethyl-2Ј-furyl)-1-benzyl indazole (YC-1), a benzyl indazole compound, on MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity in a ballooninjury rat carotid artery model. Injury was induced by inserting a balloon catheter through the common carotid artery; after 14 days, histopathological analysis using immunostaining and Western blotting revealed significant restenosis with neointimal formation that was associated with enhanced protein expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. However, these effects were dosedependently reduced by orally administered YC-1 (1-10 mg/ kg). In addition, gelatin zymography demonstrated that increased MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity was diminished by YC-1 treatment. On the other hand, YC-1 inhibited hydrolysis of the fluorogenic quenching substrate Mca-Pro-Leu-Gly-Leu-DpaAla-Arg-NH 2 by recombinant MMP-2 and MMP-9 with IC 50 values ϭ 2.07 and 8.20 M, respectively. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis of MMP-2 and MMP-9 mRNA revealed that YC-1 significantly inhibited mRNA levels of MMPs. Finally, for the YC-1 treatment group, we did not observe elevation of cGMP levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, suggesting that YC-1 inhibition of neointimal formation is not through a cGMP-elevating pathway. These data show YC-1 suppression of neointimal formation is dependent on its influence on MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein, mRNA expression, and activity, but not through a cGMP-elevating effect. YC-1 shows therapeutic potential for treatment of restenosis after angioplasty. During the past 20 years, one focus of cardiovascular pharmaceutical research has been the development of drugs that inhibit intimal hyperplasia. Despite many attempts, no clinical trial has proven that there is an effective pharmacological solution to the problem Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of structurally related zinc-endopeptidases that degrade components of extracellular matrix associated with vascular remodeling during vascular injury-induced neointima formatio

Detection of SARS-associated Coronavirus in Throat Wash and Saliva in Early Diagnosis

Early detection of SARS-CoV in throat wash and saliva suggests that these specimens are ideal for SARS diagnosis