Study of the Construction of Professional Nursing With the Phenomenon of Gender Violence

[Resumen] La violencia de género es un problema muy grave, ya que dos de cada cinco mujeres a lo largo de su vida la sufren. Sin importar su edad, ocupación, raza, religión o estatus social. La bibliografía sitúa a los enfermeros que trabajan, tanto en atención primaria como en el servicio de urgencias, en una posición perfecta para identificar la violencia de género; por esta razón llevamos a cabo este trabajo de investigación cualitativa fenomenológica, cuya estrategia de muestreo será teórica de conveniencia. La recolección de datos se realizaremos con entrevistas semi-estructurada a enfermeros. Después utilizaremos el análisis temático de contenido.[Abstract] Gender violence is a serious problem, since two out of five women over their life suffer. Regardless of your age, occupation, race, religion or social status. The literature puts nurses working in both primary care and in the emergency department, in a perfect position to identify cases of domestic violence, which is why we conducted this qualitative phenomenological research, whose sampling strategy will theoretical convenience. The data collection will make semi-structured interviews with nurses. Then use the thematic content analysis.Traballo fin de grao (UDC.FEP). Enfermarí

Estrategias competitivas para marcar el posicionamiento de la empresa Sanna Clínica Belén – Piura 2019

El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo general determinar las estrategias competitivas que puedan marcar el posicionamiento de la empresa Sanna Clínica Belén en la ciudad de Piura-2019. El tipo de investigación según la finalidad fue aplicado; según el alcance fue una investigación descriptiva y según la temporalidad fue transversal; mediante un diseño no experimental, ya que no se manipularon las variables. Las técnicas de recolección de datos fueron; encuestas aplicadas a los colaboradores de la Empresa Sanna Clínica Belén, mediante un cuestionario y mediante entrevistas aplicadas al director médico y administrador de la Clínica. Finalmente, se concluyó que la empresa Sanna Clínica Belén aún le falta diseñar estrategias competitivas para posicionarse en la mente del consumidor

Factores asociados a bajo rendimiento académico en estudiantes de medicina humana de la Universidad Ricardo Palma durante el periodo agosto-diciembre del 2020

Introducción: El bajo rendimiento académico a nivel universitario es un tema que llena de frustración al alumno porque es un obstáculo para su vida profesional y esto se puede deber a diversos factores. Objetivos: Determinar los factores asociados al bajo rendimiento académico en estudiantes de Medicina Humana de la Universidad Ricardo Palma durante el periodo agosto – diciembre 2020. Materiales y métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio observacional, analítico de corte transversal, mediante la realización de un cuestionario de 40 preguntas sobre características sociodemográficas, bajo rendimiento académico, TDHA, ansiedad, depresión y consumo de drogas. El análisis bivariado se realizó mediante pruebas estadísticas de tipo Chi2 o Fisher, según sea el caso. El análisis multivariado se usó modelos lineales generalizados con familia de distribución de Poisson y función de enlace logística con un IC del 95%. Se consideró p<0.05 como significativo. Resultados: De los 273 estudiantes, el 74.4% eran mujeres. Se encontró una prevalencia de bajo rendimiento académico del 71.4% en alguna asignatura cursada durante el ciclo 2020-II. Se evidenció que los factores relacionados a bajo rendimiento académico son la edad, mientras más años tienen los estudiantes (25 años la mediana) incrementa el bajo rendimiento, con un RP 1.09 (IC 95% 1.07-1.12, P<0.001), y en aquellos con sintomatología de TDHA presentan un RP de 1.22 (IC 95% 1.07-1.4, P=0.003). Conclusiones: Los estudiantes de Medicina Humana de la Universidad Ricardo Palma presentaron una prevalencia de bajo rendimiento académico de 71.4% en alguna asignatura cursada. Se halló asociación significativa al tener mayor edad y presentar sintomatología de TDHA

Choline Supplementation and DNA Methylation in the Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex of Rats Exposed to Alcohol During Development

BACKGROUND: Some of the most frequent deficits seen in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) and in animal models of FASD are spatial memory impairments and impaired executive functioning, which are likely related to alcohol-induced alterations of the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC), respectively. Choline, a nutrient supplement, has been shown in a rat model to ameliorate some of alcohol\u27s teratogenic effects, and this effect may be mediated through choline\u27s effects on DNA methylation. METHODS: Alcohol was given by intragastric intubation to rat pups during the neonatal period (postnatal days 2 to 10) (ET group), which is equivalent to the third trimester in humans and a period of heightened vulnerability of the brain to alcohol exposure. Control groups included an intubated control group given the intubation procedure without alcohol (IC) and a nontreated control group (NC). Choline or saline was administered subcutaneously to each subject from postnatal days 2 to 20. On postnatal day 21, the brains of the subjects were removed and assayed for global DNA methylation patterning as measured by chemiluminescence using the cpGlobal assay in both the hippocampal region and PFC. RESULTS: Alcohol exposure caused hypermethylation in the hippocampus and PFC, which was significantly reduced after choline supplementation. In contrast, control animals showed increases in DNA methylation in both regions after choline supplementation, suggesting that choline supplementation has different effects depending upon the initial state of the brain. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to show changes in global DNA methylation of the hippocampal region and PFC after neonatal alcohol exposure. Choline supplementation impacts global DNA methylation in these 2 brain regions in alcohol-exposed and control animals in a differential manner. The current findings suggest that both alcohol and choline have substantial impact on the epigenome in the PFC and hippocampus, and future studies will be needed to describe which gene families are impacted in such a way that function of the nervous system is changed

Impact of mutagenesis and lateral gene transfer processes in bacterial susceptibility to phage in food biocontrol and phage therapy

IntroductionThe emergence of resistance and interference mechanisms to phage infection can hinder the success of bacteriophage-based applications, but the significance of these mechanisms in phage therapy has not been determined. This work studies the emergence of Salmonella isolates with reduced susceptibility to a cocktail of three phages under three scenarios: i) Salmonella cultures (LAB), ii) biocontrol of cooked ham slices as a model of food safety (FOOD), and iii) oral phage therapy in broilers (PT).MethodsS. Typhimurium ATCC 14028 RifR variants with reduced phage susceptibility were isolated from the three scenarios and conventional and molecular microbiology techniques were applied to study them.Results and discussionIn LAB, 92% of Salmonella isolates lost susceptibility to all three phages 24 h after phage infection. This percentage was lower in FOOD, with 4.3% of isolates not susceptible to at least two of the three phages after seven days at 4°C following phage treatment. In PT, 9.7% and 3.3 % of isolates from untreated and treated broilers, respectively, displayed some mechanism of interference with the life cycle of some of the phages. In LAB and FOOD scenarios, resistant variants carrying mutations in rfc and rfaJ genes involved in lipopolysaccharide synthesis (phage receptor) were identified. However, in PT, the significant decrease of EOP, ECOI, and burst size observed in isolates was prompted by lateral gene transfer of large IncI1 plasmids, which may encode phage defense mechanisms. These data indicate that the acquisition of specific conjugative plasmids has a stronger impact than mutagenesis on the emergence of reduced phage-susceptibility bacteria in certain environments. In spite of this, neither mechanism seems to significantly impair the success of Salmonella biocontrol and oral phage therapy

Analysis of the drowning risk associated with aquatic environment and swimming ability [Análisis del riesgo de ahogamiento asociado al entorno acuático y competencia natatoria]

A high level of swimming can be a protective factor against drowning, however, this relationship has not yet been empirically demonstrated, based on water competence level and aquatic environment. This study designed a drowning risk matrix based on the probabilistic analysis of a questionnaire answered by 3,181 participants. The occurrence of Aquatic Stress/Distress (ASD) was analysed based on 5 skill levels and three aquatic scenarios: a) Pool without waves or currents, b) Lakes, reservoirs, rivers and beaches without waves or currents, c) Rivers, beaches or pools with waves and/or currents. The results were expressed in Odds Ratio (OR). ASD risk exceeded OR of 25 in the most dangerous environment and increased for all scenarios as aquatic competency worsened. Three out of four swimmers have experienced an ASD and this event could have been an incentive to improve their water competence. © 2022, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid y CV Ciencias del Deporte. All rights reserved

Genomics of three new bacteriophages useful in the biocontrol of Salmonella

Non-typhoid Salmonella is the principal pathogen related to food-borne diseases throughout the world. Widespread antibiotic resistance has adversely affected human health and has encouraged the search for alternative antimicrobial agents. The advances in bacteriophage therapy highlight their use in controlling a broad spectrum of food-borne pathogens. One requirement for the use of bacteriophages as antibacterials is the characterization of their genomes. In this work, complete genome sequencing and molecular analyses were carried out for three new virulent Salmonella-specific bacteriophages (UAB_Phi20, UAB_Phi78, and UAB_Phi87) able to infect a broad range of Salmonella strains. Sequence analysis of the genomes of UAB_Phi20, UAB_Phi78, and UAB_Phi87 bacteriophages did not evidence the presence of known virulence-associated and antibiotic resistance genes, and potential immunoreactive food allergens. The UAB_Phi20 genome comprised 41,809 base pairs with 80 open reading frames (ORFs); 24 of them with assigned function. Genome sequence showed a high homology of UAB_Phi20 with Salmonella bacteriophage P22 and other P22likeviruses genus of the Podoviridae family, including ST64T and ST104. The DNA of UAB_Phi78 contained 44,110 bp including direct terminal repeats (DTR) of 179 bp and 58 putative ORFs were predicted and 20 were assigned function. This bacteriophage was assigned to the SP6likeviruses genus of the Podoviridae family based on its high similarity not only with SP6 but also with the K1-5, K1E, and K1F bacteriophages, all of which infect Escherichia coli. The UAB_Phi87 genome sequence consisted of 87,669 bp with terminal direct repeats of 608 bp; although 148 ORFs were identified, putative functions could be assigned to only 29 of them. Sequence comparisons revealed the mosaic structure of UAB_Phi87 and its high similarity with bacteriophages Felix O1 and wV8 of E. coli with respect to genetic content and functional organization. Phylogenetic analysis of large terminase subunits confirms their packaging strategies and grouping to the different phage genus type. All these studies are necessary for the development and the use of an efficient cocktail with commercial applications in bacteriophage therapy against Salmonella

Comunicação e marketing. Estudo qualitativo para o desenvolvimento da marca do pão de arroz

Este artículo presenta los resultados de la investigación cualitativa adelantada para el desarrollo de la marca del pan de arroz. Este producto de la gastronomía del departamento del Meta en Colombia forma parte de las prácticas tradicionales culinarias de la región, está incluido en la Agenda Interna de Competitividad y se pretende su posicionamiento en los diferentes segmentos del mercado, en especial el internacional. La investigación se originó cuando la Cámara de Comercio de Villavicencio convocó a diferentes entidades de los sectores público y privado con miras a dejar sentadas las bases para constituir el Clúster Pan de Arroz del Meta. Participaron 25 productores provenientes de Villavicencio, Restrepo y Cumaral, también la Universidad de los Llanos, quien hizo presencia a través del programa de Ingeniería Agroindustrial y de la oficina de Proyección Social, cuyos aportes se convertirían en la estandarización de la receta del pan de arroz para la obtención de un producto gourmet adaptado a las necesidades de los mercados extranjeros, se vinculó al proyecto el Instituto Nacional de Vigilancia de Medicamentos y Alimentos (INVIMA), mediante la formación y capacitación en temas relacionados con Buenas Prácticas de Manufactura (BPM) y sobre los requerimientos para la solicitud del Registro Sanitario. La Universidad Santo Tomás (sede Villavicencio), se unió al estudio con el grupo de investigación Holos, cuyo aporte consistió en hacer la prueba del producto sin adaptaciones al mercado europeo, para luego proceder a la realización de la propuesta de un signo distintivo (marca) y de un empaque, a partir de las observaciones recibidas de los consumidores internacionales. Dinámicas de Consumo de la Universidad de los Llanos, realizó la revisión teórica y documental que soportan la escritura de este artículo.&nbsp; DOI:&nbsp;https://doi.org/10.33571/revistaluciernaga.v9n18a6This paper presents the results of the advanced qualitative research for the strengthening of the rice bread brand. This product of thegastronomy of the department of Meta in Colombia is part of the traditional culinary practices of the region, is included in the InternalAgenda of Competitiveness and its positioning is sought in different segments of the market, especially international. The investigation originated when in the Chamber of Commerce of Villavicencio, different entities of the public and private sectors metin order to lay the foundations for the Pan de Arroz del Meta cluster. Twenty-five producers from Villavicencio, Restrepo and Cumaralparticipated; also, the Universidad de los Llanos made presence through the program of Agroindustrial Engineering and the office of Social Projection, whose contributions would become the standardization of the recipe of the bread of rice for the obtaining of a gourmet product adapted to the needs of the foreign markets. The National Institute for the Surveillance of Drugs and Foods (INVIMA) was linked to the project through training and education on issues related to Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and on the requirements for applying for the Sanitary Registry. Santo Tomás University (Villavicencio campus), joined the study with the Holos research group, whose contribution consisted in makingthe product test without adaptations to the European market, to then proceed to the realization of the proposal of a distinctive sign(brand ) and a package, based on the observations received from international consumers. Later, the Consumer Dynamics research group of the Universidad de los Llanos, made the theoretical and documentary review that support the writing of this paper.Este artigo apresenta os resultados da investigação qualitativa adiantada para o fortalecimento da marca do pão de arroz. Este produto da gastronomia do departamento do Meta na Colômbia faz parte das práticas culinárias tradicionais da região, é incluído no Calendário Interno de Competitividade e se pretende seu posicionamento nos segmentos diferentes do mercado, especialmente o internacional. A investigação originou-se quando a Câmara de Comércio de Villavicencio convocou a diferentes entidades dos setores público e privado tendo em vista deixar sentadas as bases para constituir o clúster pão de arroz do Meta. Participaram 25 produtores provenientes de Villavicencio, Restrepo e Cumaral, também a Universidade de los Llanos quem fez presença com o programa de Engenharia Agroindustrial e do escritório de Projeção Social, cujas contribuições transformariam na padronização da receita do pão de arroz para a obtenção dum produto gourmet adaptado às necessidades dos mercados estrangeiros, foi unido ao projeto o Instituto Nacional de Vigilância de Medicamentos e Alimentos (INVIMA) por meio da formação e qualificação em tópicos relacionados com as Boas Práticas de Fábrica (BPM) e sobre as exigências para a aplicação da Inscrição Sanitária. A Universidade Santo Tomás (sede Villavicencio), ligou-se ao estudo com o grupo de investigação Holos, cuja contribuição consistiu em fazer o teste do produto sem adaptações ao mercado europeu, para logo proceder à realização da proposta dum sinal distintivo (marca) e duma embalagem, a partir das observações recebidas dos consumidores internacionais. A Dinâmica de Consumo da Universidade dos Llanos, fez a revisão teórica e documental que sustentam a redação deste artigo

La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia, departamentos de Bolívar y Sucre

Partiendo del análisis reflexivo de las diferentes narraciones facilitadas desde los textos y recursos educativos propuestos en el diplomado de acompañamiento psicosocial en escenarios de violencia, se realizó colaborativamente este trabajo con base en la problemática del conflicto armado en Colombia desde diferentes regiones, donde se presentan distintas crónicas de vida. Se describe el análisis al relato de Alfredo Campo escogido por los integrantes del grupo, en el cual se plasman los impactos psicosociales identificados, como lo fueron el rompimiento de vínculos familiares y sociales, el daño a su proyecto de vida, entre otros. También las voces de posicionamiento subjetivo desde el lugar de víctima o sobreviviente; Se analizó la resiliencia frente a las imágenes de horror de violencia que en este caso fueron positivas ya que se evidencio deseos de superación en los involucrados. Teniendo en cuenta las experiencias lamentables en el relato, se diseñan tres preguntas estratégicas, tres circulares y tres reflexivas las cuales están orientadas hacia un acercamiento psicosocial en búsqueda de que las victimas reflexionen en pro de las experiencias traumáticas vividas y construyan una posible opción para la reconstrucción de sus vidas a nivel personal, familiar y laboral. Seguidamente se analizó el caso Peñas Coloradas en donde se narra la experiencia negativa de una población inicialmente ignorada por el gobierno y despojada de su propio territorio por el mismo, al cual desarraigaron de sus costumbres y estilos de vida, que construyeron con esfuerzo.Starting from the reflective analysis of the different narratives provided from the texts and educational resources proposed in the diploma of psychosocial support in scenes of violence, this work was collaboratively carried out based on the problem of the armed conflict in Colombia from different regions, where different regions are presented. chronicles of life. The analysis of the story of Alfredo Campo chosen by the members of the group is described, in which the identified psychosocial impacts are reflected, such as the breaking of family and social ties, the damage to his life project, among others. Also, the voices of subjective positioning from the place of victim or survivor; Resilience was analyzed in the face of images of horror of violence, which in this case were positive since there was evidence of desire for improvement in those involved. Taking into account the unfortunate experiences in the story, three strategic questions are designed, three circular and three reflective, which are oriented towards a psychosocial approach in search of the victims to reflect in favor of the traumatic experiences lived and build a possible option for the rebuilding their lives on a personal, family and work level. Next, the Peñas Coloradas case was analyzed, where the negative experience of a population initially ignored by the government and stripped of its own territory by the government is narrated, which they uprooted from their customs and lifestyles, which they built with effort