Comparative evaluation of in vitro antioxidant potential of Punica granatum L. leaves extracts

A comparative evaluation of tannins, flavonoid, phenol quantification and antioxidant potential of aqueous, methanol, n-hexane, acetone and chloroform extracts of Punica granatum leaves were determined. Quantification of phenolic was carried out by the technique of Folin-Ciocalteau, using rutin as standard flavonoids were evaluated through the technique of colorimetry, tannin was measured by the difference of total phenolics and free phenolics assay procedure. Antioxidant activities were evaluated by four standards antioxidant techniques including Superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity, Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) scavenging activity,1, 1’-diphynyl- 2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) activity and Nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity method using ascorbic acid as standard. The antioxidant activities showed that methanol extract at 500μg/mL calculated maximum DPPH inhibition activity was 78±1%, H2O2 scavenging activity was 90±0%, SOD-like activity was 88±0% and NO scavenging activity was 90±0%. The outcomes indicated the major antioxidant actions were carried out by the extract of methanol; the entire potential was increased in the directive of methanol> chloroform> acetone>aqueous>n-hexane extracts. The results indicate that Punica granatum leaves extracts to have potent antioxidant activities that would have beneficial effects on human health and methanol extracts are superior with better antioxidant potential. The leaves extracts of Punica granatum could be of enormousattention in the enhancement of top value-added secondary products and the appliance of functional and green substitutes in thecosmetics, food and pharma industries

Case report: Navigating the challenges: successful mechanical thrombectomy in a case of persistent primitive hypoglossal artery

Persistent primitive hypoglossal artery (PPHA) is a highly uncommon abnormal connection between the internal carotid artery (ICA) and vertebral artery (VA), with reported incidences ranging from 0.027 to 0.26%. Attempting endovascular intervention in such cases presents a considerable challenge as it carries a higher risk of embolization and other procedure-related complications that may affect a wide area of the brain. We present a case study involving the utilization of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) to treat an ischemic stroke in the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) despite the presence of PPHA. Performing mechanical thrombectomy in an anomalous vascular connection is feasible; however, it necessitates heightened vigilance, thorough knowledge of the anatomy, and utmost caution

SEEPAGE LOSSES IN WARSAK GRAVITY CANAL PESHAWAR

Afield study was undertaken between RD.11890and RD.17256 of Warsak Gravity Canal near Peshawar during 1995-96. The objective of the study was to determine canal seepage losses from the bed and sides of the canal and how well the system is performing and to pinpoint the sections where improvement could be made by reducing the losses of water by seepage through the canal. For this purpose the distance between RD.11890 and RD.17256 was divided into four sub-sections. Discharge at the head and tail of each sub-section was measured and by comparing the inflows and outflows from a sub-section, seepage losses were determined. Discharges in themain Canaland outletswere measured by current meter and cut-throat flume respectively, (Table-1 & 2). A total of 16 % seepage losses were observed between RD.11890 and RD.17256. This includes 11.24% losses in the unlined portion, 0.447 c losses in the concrete-lined section and 3.18% in the damaged concrete-lined section. The field study indicates that Concrete lining is more useful, economical and less liable to cracks rather than other lining. Improvements can easily be made by regular maintenance and proper operation of the canal irrigation system. Thus the loss of water due to seepage from the bed and sides of the canal as well as poor management can either be controlled or minimized to greater extent

Genome-wide association study uncovers a novel QTL allele of AtS40-3 that affects the sex ratio of cyst nematodes in Arabidopsis

Plant-parasitic cyst nematodes are obligate sedentary parasites that infect the roots of a broad range of host plants. Cyst nematodes are sexually dimorphic, but differentiation into male or female is strongly influenced by interactions with the host environment. Female populations typically predominate under favorable conditions, whereas male populations predominate under adverse conditions. Here, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in an Arabidopsis diversity panel to identify host loci underlying variation in susceptibility to cyst nematode infection. Three different susceptibility parameters were examined, with the aim of providing insights into the infection process, the number of females and males present in the infected plant, and the female-to-male sex ratio. GWAS results suggested that variation in sex ratio is associated with a novel quantitative trait locus allele on chromosome 4. Subsequent candidate genes and functional analyses revealed that a senescence-associated transcription factor, AtS40-3, and PPR may act in combination to influence nematode sex ratio. A detailed molecular characterization revealed that variation in nematode sex ratio was due to the disturbed common promoter of AtS40-3 and PPR genes. Additionally, single nucleotide polymorphisms in the coding sequence of AtS40-3 might contribute to the natural variation in nematode sex ratio

Synthesis and Computational Study of an Optical Fluorescent Sensor for Selective Detection of Ni²⁺ Ions

The presence of an abnormal amount of Ni2+ in the human body causes various health issues. Therefore, this work aimed to synthesize the curcumin-based fluorescence-on sensor P [2,6-bis((E)-4-chlorobenzylidene)-cyclohexan-1-one] that was capable of selectively responding to Ni2+ ions in aqueous solution. The structure of P was confirmed by 1H NMR and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The Ni2+ ion sensing was based on the fluorescence enhancement of the fluorophore (P) in neutral aqueous medium. The response of the P-based sensor was highly selective toward Ni2+ ions, whereas the possible interferences from other metal cations were negligible. P had a fast response; it was selective and had a sensitive detection limit (LOD = 2 × 10–10 M) toward Ni2+ ions in neutral medium with a high association constant (K) value of 3.6 × 105 M–2 for the complex formation between the P and Ni2+ ions. Job’s plot and DFT calculations proved that the binding stoichiometry of P for Ni2+ was 2:1. P was recovered using EDTA as a chelating agent after being employed as a fluorescent sensor. These characteristics ensured the potential use of P as a new class of chemosensor for environmental applications

One-year major adverse cardiovascular events among same-day discharged patients after primary percutaneous coronary intervention at a tertiary care cardiac centre in Karachi, Pakistan: a prospective observational study

Objective Knowledge regarding the short-term outcomes after same-day discharge (SDD) post primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is lacking. In this study, we evaluated 1-year major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) among SDD patients after primary PCI.Design 1-year follow-up analysis of a subset of patients from an existing prospective cohort study.Setting Tertiary care cardiac hospital in Karachi, Pakistan.Participants Consecutive patients, from August 2019 to July 2020, with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction who had undergone primary PCI with SDD (within 24 hours) after the procedure by the treating physician and with at least one successful follow-up up to 1 year.Outcome measure Cumulative MACE during follow-up at the intervals of 1 week, 1 month, 6 months and 1 year.Results 489 patients were included, with a gender distribution of 83.2% (407) male patients and a mean age of 54.58±10.85 years. Overall MACE rate during the mean follow-up duration of 326.98±76.71 days was 10.8% (53), out of which 26.4% (14/53) events occurred within 6 months of discharge and the remaining 73.6% (39/53) occurred between 6 months and 1 year. MACE was significantly higher among patients with a Zwolle Risk Score (ZRS) ≥4 at baseline, with an incidence rate of 21.9% (16/73) vs 8.9% (37/416; p=0.001) in patients with ZRS≤3 (relative risk 2.88 (95% CI 1.5 to 5.5)).Conclusion A significant burden of short-term MACE was identified among SDD patients after primary PCI; most of these events occurred after 6 months of SDD, mainly among patients with ZRS≥4. A systematic risk assessment based on risk stratification modalities such ZRS could be a viable option for SDD patients with primary PCI

Data_Sheet_1_Case report: Navigating the challenges: successful mechanical thrombectomy in a case of persistent primitive hypoglossal artery.PDF

Persistent primitive hypoglossal artery (PPHA) is a highly uncommon abnormal connection between the internal carotid artery (ICA) and vertebral artery (VA), with reported incidences ranging from 0.027 to 0.26%. Attempting endovascular intervention in such cases presents a considerable challenge as it carries a higher risk of embolization and other procedure-related complications that may affect a wide area of the brain. We present a case study involving the utilization of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) to treat an ischemic stroke in the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) despite the presence of PPHA. Performing mechanical thrombectomy in an anomalous vascular connection is feasible; however, it necessitates heightened vigilance, thorough knowledge of the anatomy, and utmost caution.</p

Genome-wide association study uncovers a novel QTL allele of AtS40-3 that affects the sex ratio of cyst nematodes in Arabidopsis

Plant-parasitic cyst nematodes are obligate sedentary parasites that infect the roots of a broad range of host plants. Cyst nematodes are sexually dimorphic, but differentiation into male or female is strongly influenced by interactions with the host environment. Female populations typically predominate under favorable conditions, whereas male populations predominate under adverse conditions. Here, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in an Arabidopsis diversity panel to identify host loci underlying variation in susceptibility to cyst nematode infection. Three different susceptibility parameters were examined, with the aim of providing insights into the infection process, the number of females and males present in the infected plant, and the female-to-male sex ratio. GWAS results suggested that variation in sex ratio is associated with a novel quantitative trait locus allele on chromosome 4. Subsequent candidate genes and functional analyses revealed that a senescence-associated transcription factor, AtS40-3, and PPR may act in combination to influence nematode sex ratio. A detailed molecular characterization revealed that variation in nematode sex ratio was due to the disturbed common promoter of AtS40-3 and PPR genes. Additionally, single nucleotide polymorphisms in the coding sequence of AtS40-3 might contribute to the natural variation in nematode sex ratio