A significant hepatotoxicity associated with paracetamol overdose in the absence of kidney injury in rabbits

Background: Overdose of paracetamol (PCM) is reported to cause hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity, or nephrotoxicity in absence of hepatotoxicity. This study was planned to investigate hepatotoxicity or nephrotoxicity induced by PCM.Methods: Two groups of rabbits, six rabbits in each were used; control group were treated with normal saline, the second group was treated with PCM 1 g/kg/day orally for 9 days.Results: PCM lead to a significant rise in serum liver enzymes, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin with an increase in serum level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduction in serum glutathione (GSH). MDA level in liver homogenate was also significantly increased. These findings were further confirmed by histopathological changes suggestive of severe liver damage. On the contrary, PCM slightly increased serum creatinine, without changing MDA and GSH in kidney homogenate. Lack of PCM nephrotoxicity was further confirmed by histopathological examination.Conclusion: PCM overdose produced severe hepatotoxicity without affecting the kidneys of the rabbit

Foreign Capital, Political Instability and Financial Performance of Pakistan

Political Instability is one of the most important factor in the development of the country. To check the development of the country one must check the political instability of that country. I defined political instability is somehow the “the prosperity of government clash”. While going through different literature done on the political instability. Study showed that political instability and growth goes hand in hand. They both affect each other respectively. This study showed that investors are attracted only when there is stable environment for the business market. One variable is directed for future research that is corruption. In concluding the article it is concluded that political inability leads towards low growth of the country and similarly vice versa

ANALYSIS OF TWO CLASSES OF CROSS DIFFUSION SYSTEMS

A mathematical and numerical analysis has been carried out for two cross diffusion systems arising in applied mathematics. The first system appears in modelling the movement of two interacting cell populations whose kinetics are of competition type. The second system models axial segregation of a mixture of two different granular materials in a long rotating drum. A fully practical piecewise linear finite element approximation for each system is proposed and studied. With the aid of a fixed point theorem, existence of the fully discrete solutions is shown. By using entropy-type inequalities and compactness arguments, the convergence of the approximation of each system is proved and hence existence of a global weak solution is obtained. Providing further regularity of the solution of the axial segregation model, some uniqueness results and error estimates are established. The long time behaviour of both systems is investigated and estimates between the weak solutions and the mean integrals of the corresponding initial data are derived. Finally, a practical algorithm for computing the numerical solutions of each system is described and some numerical experiments are performed to illustrate and verify the theoretical results

Polymorphism in IL-6(-174 G/C) Gene in Scabietic Patients

Background : Scabies (Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis) is one of the parasitic diseases that is often ignored. It results in problems that trigger an allergic and inflammatory immunological response. Cytokines are crucial to the development of disease and its pathophysiology. This investigation looked at how scabies risk and a variation in the gene IL-6 affected IL-6 production. Materials and Methods : The goal of the current investigation was to determine the level of IL-6 by ELISA and its linked with IL-6(-174 G/C) polymorphisms in 60 scabietic patients and 30 healthy individuals. Results : In contrast, the IL-6(-174 G/C) CC genotype and C allele carrier frequencies were highly significant (P0.05) in the patients who had their first infestation. The results showed a significant increase (P0.05) in the IL-6(-174 G/C) GG genotype and G allele in the re-infestation group of patients compared to the healthy group. According to IL-6 genetic variations, low serum levels were connected with the CC genotype. Conclusion : IL-6(-174 G/C) Scabies susceptibility and polymorphism were related, providing evidence for the hereditary basis of the illnes

AN ANALYSIS OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOR IN MOBILE PHONE MARKET IN SINDH

This study besides studying brand selection by the young consumers of Sindh will also help to understand the overall purchase behavior of this segment of consumers. The results of this study will provide insight and information for administrators, practitioners, and researchers about the behavior of consumers towards various mobile brands and services particularly in Sindh. The population of the study is students of various universities in Sindh. Descriptive statistics is applied to analyze the characteristics of the respondents. For the testing of hypotheses, exploratory factor analysis with varimax rotation is applied. The results of the current study supports majority of the hypotheses. The results concluded that a large number of respondents prefer the purchase the mobile phone handset with value added facilities like camera, large screen, familiar brand and low price. The respondents also focused those service provider companies that offer the services such as SIM at low rate, free minutes, low call rates and call clarit

Using Evolving Algorithms to Cryptanalysis Nonlinear Cryptosystems

            في هذا البحث، نتحرى عن استخدام الخوارزميات التطورية (EA's) لتحليل أحد أنظمة التشفير غير الخطية التي تعتمد على وحدة السجلات الزاحفة لتبادل البيانات الخطية (LFSR) باستخدام طريقة هجوم النص المشفر فقط. الخوارزمية الجينية (GA) و خوارزمية خلية النمل ((Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) التي استخدمت في مهاجمة أحد أنظمة التشفير غير الخطية المسماة "Shrinking Generator" باستخدام أطوال مختلفة من النص المشفر وأطوال مختلفة من LFSRs المدمجة أثبتت أدائها الجيد في إيجاد القيم الأولية لل LFSRs المدمجة.            In this paper, new method have been investigated using evolving algorithms (EA's) to cryptanalysis one of the nonlinear stream cipher cryptosystems which depends on the Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR) unit by using cipher text-only attack. Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) which are used for attacking one of the nonlinear cryptosystems called "shrinking generator" using different lengths of cipher text and different lengths of combined LFSRs. GA and ACO proved their good performance in finding the initial values of the combined LFSRs. This work can be considered as a warning for a stream cipher designer to avoid the weak points, which may be found in the stream cipher, and may be explored by the cryptanalysts. This work can find the optimal solution for text with minimum lengths of 20 characters and 100 iteration were very enough to find the real initial values of key stream

Survey and comparison of different classification techniques for select appropriate classifier of image

In human visual system, visual object classification is easy and effortless but in computer vision systems it is extremely hard Because of the various images of different objects within a specific class may have together with the various viewing conditions had led to have a serious problem. If some images have noisy contents or it contains blurry data, thus it is very hard to classify these types of images. Images processing introduces several techniques which be able to classify the data, but if image is blurry or noisy so they can not able to give the acceptable results. In this survey discuss the main classification methods consider, Supervised learning and unsupervised learning. The major motivation of this survey is to gives a brief comparison among different images classification techniques and methods. Finally, it is determined method that more accurately if an image contains blurry or noisy data

The perturbation to non-Markovian equation of motion corresponding to coherent and quadrature non-Markovian SSES

In this paper, we derive the perturbation and post Markovian perturbation to non-Markovian equation of motion(NMEM) that correspond to coherent and quadrature non-Markovian stochastic Schr¨odinger equations (SSE). In that case, we derive two perturbation approaches for zero and first orders to the coherent and quadrature NMEM. In order to explain both approaches, we apply two examples of non-Markovian.Publisher's Versio

Dobutamine stress echo has marginal utility and is context-dependent for assessing myocardial ischemia

A clinical appraisal and clinical application of Marcovitz PA, Armstrong WF. Accuracy of dobutamine stress echocardiography in detecting coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol. 1992;69:1269-127

Effect of Foliar Application of Seaweed Extract and Zincon Productivity of Dahlia hybrida cv. Albion

اجريت تجربة  سنادين على نبات الداليا . Dahlia hybridaL صنف  Albionفي محافظة بابل خلال الموسم الربيعي2017 لمعرفة تأثير الرش الورقي بكبريتات الزنك  بتراكيز (صفر، 30 ، 60 ملغم/ لتر-1) غم/ لتر والطحالب البحرية بالتراكيز ( صفر ، 50 ، 100 ملغم/ لتر-1) رشا على النباتات ثلاث مرات وتداخلهما في صفات النمو الخضري والزهري لنباتات الداليا. استعمل تصميم القطاعات التامة المعشاةRCBD وبثلاث مكرراتوقورنت المتوسطات باستعمال اختبار دنكن متعدد الحدود بمستوى احتمال 0.05،. وأشارت النتائج الى  التفوق المعنوي بالرش بالسماد الورقي كبريتات الزنك بتركيز 60 ملغم.لتر-1 والرش بالطحالب البحرية بتركيز 100 ملغم.لتر-1 لوحدها او بالتداخل في زيادة النمو الخضري والزهري وانتاج الدرنات. آن استخدام التركيز كبريتات الزنك بتركيز 60 ملغم/ لتر-1 والرش بالطحالب البحرية بتركيز 100 ملغم/ لتر-1 كانت له فروقات معنوية في ارتفاع النبات وعدد الافرع، وعدد الازهار للنبات الواحد وقطر الزهرةو الوزن الطري للزهرة والوزن الطري للدرنة و عدد الدرنات للنبات الواحد و الوزن الطري للحامل الزهري و الوزن الجاف للجزء الخضري قياسا بمعاملة المقارنة.وبلغت نسب الزيادة 115.16 و 6.33 و 12.0 و 15.53و 25.66 و 371.36  و 6.66  و 46.56   و 60.16 للصفات اعلاه على التوالي. نستنتج ان اضافة الاسمدة الورقية  بالرش بعنصر الزنك  والطحالب البحرية قد اعطى فروقات معنوية في جميع الصفات المدروسة.       An experiment for the  agricultural season 2017  was carried out in pots in the Autumn season to study the effect of application three levels of Sea Top  foliar  fertilizer (0, 50,and 100 gm.L-1) and Three levels of zinc (zinc sulfate) was ( 0, 30, and60 mg. L-1) with three times spraying  intervals every20 days  for  some of  the growth and yield parameters  of the Dahlia cv. Albion. The spray concentration of zinc sulfate at level of 60 mg / L-1 and Seaweed at a level of 100 mg / L -1 had significant differences in plant height,  number of branches ,number of flowers per plant, flower diameter, fresh weight of flower,fresh weight of the tuber , number of tubers per plant, fresh weight  of the stalk,and dry weight of the vegetative parts ,compared with the control treatment. The increase was 115.16, 6.33, 12.0, 15.53, 25.66, 371.36, 6.66, 46.56, and 60.16  for the above qualities respectively. We conclude, that the application of Seaweed Extract and Zinc improved the yield contributing factors that resulted in a significant increase in Productivity of Dahlia hybridayield