The Business Meeting: A Cross-cultural Experiential Learning Activity

This paper presents a simulation designed to help students learn about the challenges and necessary skills for conducting business in cross-cultural settings. The exercise involves assigning participants to two fictitious cultural groups, each with its own norms and expectations. Participants interact with members of the other culture in accordance with the instructions provided in order to negotiate successfully. This experiential learning activity allows students to reflect on their cross-cultural skills in a simulated business setting. An assessment of the exercise conducted in classroom setting indicated evidence of its effectiveness

Crowdsourcing hypothesis tests: Making transparent how design choices shape research results

To what extent are research results influenced by subjective decisions that scientists make as they design studies? Fifteen research teams independently designed studies to answer fiveoriginal research questions related to moral judgments, negotiations, and implicit cognition. Participants from two separate large samples (total N > 15,000) were then randomly assigned to complete one version of each study. Effect sizes varied dramatically across different sets of materials designed to test the same hypothesis: materials from different teams renderedstatistically significant effects in opposite directions for four out of five hypotheses, with the narrowest range in estimates being d = -0.37 to +0.26. Meta-analysis and a Bayesian perspective on the results revealed overall support for two hypotheses, and a lack of support for three hypotheses. Overall, practically none of the variability in effect sizes was attributable to the skill of the research team in designing materials, while considerable variability was attributable to the hypothesis being tested. In a forecasting survey, predictions of other scientists were significantly correlated with study results, both across and within hypotheses. Crowdsourced testing of research hypotheses helps reveal the true consistency of empirical support for a scientific claim.</div

Income Inequality and Generalized Trust: a Spurious Relation Explained by Cultural Values

This dissertation found support for an alternative explanation of a country-level negative relation between income inequality and generalized trust, claimed in the literature as causal. In Study 1, it was found that the relationship between income inequality and generalized trust was confounded by cultural values. Specifically, in cross-country analyses, the cultural dimension of autonomy-embeddedness was negatively related to income inequality and positively togeneralized trust, and the cultural dimension of harmony-mastery was negatively related to income inequality. Moreover, it was found that within-country changes of embeddedness were positively related to generalized trust measured four years later. In Study 2, the theoretical model proposed in the literature to explain the observed relationship between income inequality andgeneralized trust was not supported, which was consistent with the significant findings for the alternative model in Study 1. Implications for scholars and policy makers are discussed

Income Inequality and Generalized Trust: a Spurious Relation Explained by Cultural Values

This dissertation found support for an alternative explanation of a country-level negative relation between income inequality and generalized trust, claimed in the literature as causal. In Study 1, it was found that the relationship between income inequality and generalized trust was confounded by cultural values. Specifically, in cross-country analyses, the cultural dimension of autonomy-embeddedness was negatively related to income inequality and positively togeneralized trust, and the cultural dimension of harmony-mastery was negatively related to income inequality. Moreover, it was found that within-country changes of embeddedness were positively related to generalized trust measured four years later. In Study 2, the theoretical model proposed in the literature to explain the observed relationship between income inequality andgeneralized trust was not supported, which was consistent with the significant findings for the alternative model in Study 1. Implications for scholars and policy makers are discussed

Crowdsourcing hypothesis tests: making transparent how design choices shape research results

To what extent are research results influenced by subjective decisions that scientists make as they design studies? Fifteen research teams independently designed studies to answer five original research questions related to moral judgments, negotiations, and implicit cognition. Participants from two separate large samples (total N > 15,000) were then randomly assigned to complete one version of each study. Effect sizes varied dramatically across different sets of materials designed to test the same hypothesis: materials from different teams rendered statistically significant effects in opposite directions for four out of five hypotheses, with the narrowest range in estimates being d = -0.37 to +0.26. Meta-analysis and a Bayesian perspective on the results revealed overall support for two hypotheses, and a lack of support for three hypotheses. Overall, practically none of the variability in effect sizes was attributable to the skill of the research team in designing materials, while considerable variability was attributable to the hypothesis being tested. In a forecasting survey, predictions of other scientists were significantly correlated with study results, both across and within hypotheses. Crowdsourced testing of research hypotheses helps reveal the true consistency of empirical support for a scientific claim