The Arian Controversy Between the Councils of Nicaea and Constantinople (A. D. 325-381)

The Arian Controversy Between the Councils of Nicaea and Constantinople (A. D. 325-381

Fostering diversity a study on racial diversity in Swope Park

Master of Landscape ArchitectureDepartment of Landscape Architecture/Regional & Community PlanningAlpa NawreRace tension has increased in America as contemporary issues occur. Riots and protests are becoming common once again. The research presented shows how park space can help foster diversity and in turn improve race relations in the Kansas City area. The study shows how communities in Kansas City became segregated based on historical laws, regulations, and common day practices that reinforced racial boundaries between communities. Many still feel racial tension stemming from historical events today. A focus on integration within communities can be the first step in creating harmony and healing people who have felt these negative impacts on their lives. A literature review, including historical documents from Kansas City and similarly structured racially divided cities, such as St. Louis, Missouri, Detroit, Michigan, and Chicago, Illinois, were analyzed. Research lead to focusing in on Swope Park and the surrounding community. Swope Park has a complex history of segregation and is located near Troost Avenue, which is one of the greatest racial divide lines in the United States. To the west of Troost Avenue the race is predominantly white while to the east is composed mostly of African Americans. On site observational surveys and short interviews with users of Swope Park were conducted to determine current use, users, and park qualities. Qualtrics Surveys were released to community organization to survey a larger group of people, some of whom might not currently use the park. The analyzed information gathered helped shape an innovative design suggestion and strategy to promote diversity and integration at Swope Park. This research can help shape a diverse future of racially integrated communities in the Kansas City area to promote economic stimuli, break down racial stigmas, and increase education, understanding, and celebration of diverse racial backgrounds

Morphometric Analysis Applied to Wood Structure. I. Cross-Sectional Cell Shape and Area Change in Red Spruce

A new method for assessing seasonal change in cross-sectional tracheid shape in conifers is described and tested with red spruce. An equation (called circularity index) was used to reference cell shape to a circle with equal circumference. Cell lumen boundaries were measured on a rear projection digitizer coupled to a computer. Circularity indices and cell lumen areas were determined, and curves of these parameters were plotted across growth rings. Circularity index curves proved to be a sensitive measure of true latewood, and cell lumen area curves detected variation in transition latewood. Cell-wall area changes that were related to site differences correlated with earlier specific gravity determinations. Cell lumen area curves provided an explanation for nonsignificant specific gravity differences in spruce wood following nitrogen fertilization

TB159: Drought and Cold Stress-Induced Morphometric Changes in Tree Rings of Red Spruce

Morphometric analysis of individual, key growth rings might provide a way of establishing “fingerprints” or unique patterns for growth rings produced following different natural or anthropogenic stresses.https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/aes_techbulletin/1059/thumbnail.jp

Convergence rates for inverse-free rational approximation of matrix functions

This article deduces geometric convergence rates for approximating matrix functions via inverse-free rational Krylov methods. In applications one frequently encounters matrix functions such as the matrix exponential or matrix logarithm; often the matrix under consideration is too large to compute the matrix function directly, and Krylov subspace methods are used to determine a reduced problem. If many evaluations of a matrix function of the form f(A)v with a large matrix A are required, then it may be advantageous to determine a reduced problem using rational Krylov subspaces. These methods may give more accurate approximations of f(A)v with subspaces of smaller dimension than standard Krylov subspace methods. Unfortunately, the system solves required to construct an orthogonal basis for a rational Krylov subspace may create numerical difficulties and/or require excessive computing time. This paper investigates a novel approach to determine an orthogonal basis of an approximation of a rational Krylov subspace of (small) dimension from a standard orthogonal Krylov subspace basis of larger dimension. The approximation error will depend on properties of the matrix A and on the dimension of the original standard Krylov subspace. We show that our inverse-free method for approximating the rational Krylov subspace converges geometrically (for increasing dimension of the standard Krylov subspace) to a rational Krylov subspace. The convergence rate may be used to predict the dimension of the standard Krylov subspace necessary to obtain a certain accuracy in the approximation. Computed examples illustrate the theory developed

Here for more than just research: Postdoctoral training and transitions in STEM fields

The purpose of this research is to better understand how academic researchers in STEM fields identify and access postdoctoral positions, transition into postdoctoral roles, and access training, development opportunities, and networks once they are at their postdoctoral institution. Furthermore, this study aims to describe how aspects of identity influence any of these facets of postdoctoral training. There is relatively little research into the postdoctoral training stage. This qualitative, exploratory study is meant to describe how postdoctoral scholars view and understand their own experiences in the role, and how their identity may or may not impact this experience. Sixteen participants, most from backgrounds that are underrepresented in their disciplines, were recruited from research institutions across the country to participate in a 1-hour interview about their academic experiences, their postdoc experience, and their career goals. Findings include the importance of networks and support structures for understanding how to identify and transition into postdoctoral positions, the hidden curriculum related to the postdoctoral training experience, and the role of values and cultural identity in setting postdoc and career goals. These findings fill a gap in the literature by better representing current postdocs’ expectations for this training period, specifically as it relates to potential transitions into a faculty role. The results can be used to design postdoc training programs that emphasize equity in STEM fields

Improving Inversions of the Overlap Operator

We present relaxation and preconditioning techniques which accelerate the inversion of the overlap operator by a factor of four on small lattices, with larger gains as the lattice size increases. These improvements can be used in both propagator calculations and dynamical simulations.Comment: lattice2004(machines