23 research outputs found
Stylish Risk-Limiting Audits in Practice
Risk-limiting audits (RLAs) can use information about which ballot cards
contain which contests (card-style data, CSD) to ensure that each contest
receives adequate scrutiny, without examining more cards than necessary. RLAs
using CSD in this way can be substantially more efficient than RLAs that sample
indiscriminately from all cast cards. We describe an open-source Python
implementation of RLAs using CSD for the Hart InterCivic Verity voting system
and the Dominion Democracy Suite(R) voting system. The software is demonstrated
using all 181 contests in the 2020 general election and all 214 contests in the
2022 general election in Orange County, CA, USA, the fifth-largest election
jurisdiction in the U.S., with over 1.8 million active voters. (Orange County
uses the Hart Verity system.) To audit the 181 contests in 2020 to a risk limit
of 5% without using CSD would have required a complete hand tally of all
3,094,308 cast ballot cards. With CSD, the estimated sample size is about
20,100 cards, 0.65% of the cards cast--including one tied contest that required
a complete hand count. To audit the 214 contests in 2022 to a risk limit of 5%
without using CSD would have required a complete hand tally of all 1,989,416
cast cards. With CSD, the estimated sample size is about 62,250 ballots, 3.1%
of cards cast--including three contests with margins below 0.1% and 9 with
margins below 0.5%
Change in angina symptom status after acute myocardial infarction and its association with readmission risk: An analysis of the Translational Research Investigating Underlying Disparities in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients\u27 Health Status (TRIUMPH) registry
Subsequent Event Risk in Individuals with Established Coronary Heart Disease:Design and Rationale of the GENIUS-CHD Consortium
BACKGROUND:
The "GENetIcs of sUbSequent Coronary Heart Disease" (GENIUS-CHD) consortium was established to facilitate discovery and validation of genetic variants and biomarkers for risk of subsequent CHD events, in individuals with established CHD.
METHODS:
The consortium currently includes 57 studies from 18 countries, recruiting 185,614 participants with either acute coronary syndrome, stable CHD or a mixture of both at baseline. All studies collected biological samples and followed-up study participants prospectively for subsequent events.
RESULTS:
Enrollment into the individual studies took place between 1985 to present day with duration of follow up ranging from 9 months to 15 years. Within each study, participants with CHD are predominantly of self-reported European descent (38%-100%), mostly male (44%-91%) with mean ages at recruitment ranging from 40 to 75 years. Initial feasibility analyses, using a federated analysis approach, yielded expected associations between age (HR 1.15 95% CI 1.14-1.16) per 5-year increase, male sex (HR 1.17, 95% CI 1.13-1.21) and smoking (HR 1.43, 95% CI 1.35-1.51) with risk of subsequent CHD death or myocardial infarction, and differing associations with other individual and composite cardiovascular endpoints.
CONCLUSIONS:
GENIUS-CHD is a global collaboration seeking to elucidate genetic and non-genetic determinants of subsequent event risk in individuals with established CHD, in order to improve residual risk prediction and identify novel drug targets for secondary prevention. Initial analyses demonstrate the feasibility and reliability of a federated analysis approach. The consortium now plans to initiate and test novel hypotheses as well as supporting replication and validation analyses for other investigators