How do individual and parental work centrality attitudes and social support impact young adults’ perceptions of sexual harassment at work?

The #metoo movement has spurred women and men to come forward with their stories and claims of sexual harassment. In addition to older adults, young adults have experienced sexual harassment in a variety of settings. These may include school, work, or even on the street. Around 51% of women and 53% of men had experienced some form of unwanted sexually charged interaction in public places, like cat-calling, by the age of 17 (Kearl, 2014). The purpose of the study is to examine how young adults perceive sexually harassing behaviors at work. I examine how these perceptions are influenced by one’s individual work centrality beliefs, parent’s work centrality beliefs, and social support. Participants will be recruited from MTSU’s student population to take an online survey asking them to rate their work centrality beliefs, their perceptions of their parent’s work centrality beliefs, and their perceptions of family support received. Individuals will also be rating their perceptions of sexually harassing behaviors, if they have experienced the behavior, and the frequency of experiencing the behavior. To analyze these perceptions, a series of multiple regressions will be conducted

Ruptured splenic artery aneurysms and the use of an adapted fast protocol in reproductive age women with hemodynamic collapse: Case series

Nontraumatic symptomatic hypotension in all patients requires prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment for optimum outcome. The female population specifically has an expanded differential diagnosis that should be considered when these patients present with hemodynamic collapse. While the most common causes of hypotension in pregnant patients are dehydration, ruptured ectopic pregnancy, and placental and uterine abnormalities, less common nonobstetrical etiologies such as hepatic rupture and ruptured abdominal and visceral artery aneurysms should also be considered. Splenic artery aneurysms are associated with high rates of mortality and in cases of pregnancy, maternal and fetal mortality. These high rates can be attributed to the asymptomatic nature of the aneurysm, rapid deterioration after rupture, and frequent misdiagnosis. In patients with hemodynamic collapse, the role of traditional imaging is limited mainly due to the critical condition of the patient. Bedside ultrasound has emerged as a diagnostic imaging resource in patients with undifferentiated hypotension and in patients with traumatic injuries. However, its use has not been studied specifically in the female population. We present two patients with ruptured splenic artery aneurysms, discuss the role of bedside ultrasound in their management, and introduce a new ultrasound protocol for use in reproductive age female patients with hemodynamic collapse

Examining the effects of negative work outcomes on telecommuting

Despite telecommuting’s tremendous growth in the last decade, it appears some employees are hesitant to participate in remote work arrangements. Previous research has shown employees to have a negative attitude towards telecommuting when they perceive the work arrangement offers more disadvantages than advantages (Vega, Anderson, & Kaplan, 2015). In addition, Cooper & Kurland (2002) found that employees often limit the amount of time they spend away from the office working as a telecommuter because they fear becoming professionally isolated. To expand upon these findings, the current study aims to investigate whether the fear of negative work outcomes (social isolation, professional isolation, career harm, job insecurity, long work hours, and coworker resentment) influence employees’ willingness to telecommute or extent to which they participate. This study will further investigate the moderating role of telecommuting normativeness, the extent to which telecommuting is a common and accepted practice, at the department level. Using a snowball sampling method, telecommuters in the United States will self-report their perceptions of negative work outcomes as they relate to their current telecommuting situation. I predict that telecommuters’ perceptions of the negative work outcomes will negatively influence their attitude toward, and subsequent practice of, telecommuting

Endoscopic Cubital Tunnel Recurrence Rates

Cubital tunnel syndrome is the second most common nerve entrapment in the upper extremity. There are no current publications concerning the recurrence rates after endoscopic cubital tunnel release. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the recurrence rate of endoscopic cubital tunnel release compared to published reports of recurrence following open cubital tunnel procedures. We reviewed 134 consecutive cases of endoscopic cubital tunnel release in 117 patients. There were 104 cases in 94 patients with greater than 3 months follow-up. The mean follow-up time was 736 days. They were grouped using Dellon’s classification. Two literature control groups were used from published reports of recurrence rate following open cubital tunnel release. A recurrence was identified if the patient was symptom-free following surgery but had symptoms reappear 3 months or more after surgery as defined in the literature. Of the 104 cases, 92.31% had more than a 4-month follow-up. One case (0.96%) met the criteria for recurrence at 4 months postprocedure. Data were then compared to the literature control groups used from published reports of recurrence rates following open cubital tunnel release. Pooled, the combined controls had 22 of 180 cases (12.22%) with recurrences. The percentage of procedure recurrence varied significantly with p value equal to 0.0004. It is recognized that there is a lack of common classification and comparative analysis of these studies, but they do classify preoperative grading and recurrence similarly. We are 95% confident that our true recurrence rate is between 0.02% and 5.24% and that endoscopic cubital tunnel release has a recurrence rate, which is not higher than open cubital tunnel release literature controls

Examining Factors Influencing Use of a Decision Aid in Personnel Selection

In this research, two studies were conducted to examine factors influencing reliance on a decision aid in personnel selection. Specifically, this study examined the effect of feedback, validity of selection predictors, and presence of a decision aid on the use of the aid in personnel selection. The results demonstrate that when people are provided with the decision aid, their predictions were significantly more similar to the predictions made by the aid than people who were not provided with the aid. This suggests that when people are provided with an aid, they will use it to some degree. This research also shows that when provided with a decision aid with high cue validity, people will increase their reliance on the decision aid over multiple decisions

The Off-Shell Electromagnetic T-matrix: momentum-dependent scattering from spherical inclusions with both dielectric and magnetic contrast

The momentum- and frequency-dependent T-matrix operator for the scattering of electromagnetic waves by a dielectric/conducting and para- or diamagnetic sphere is derived as a Mie-type series, and presented in a compact form emphasizing various symmetry properties, notably the unitarity identity. This result extends to magnetic properties one previously obtained for purely dielectric contrasts by other authors. Several situations useful to spatially-dispersive effective-medium approximations to one-body order are examined. Partial summation of the Mie series is achieved in the case of elastic scattering.Comment: 22 pages. Preprint of a paper to appear in `Waves in Complex And Random Media' ((c) Taylor and Francis, 2011

Genetic Diversity of PCR-Positive, Culture-Negative and Culture-Positive Mycobacterium ulcerans Isolated from Buruli Ulcer Patients in Ghana.

Culture of Mycobacterium ulcerans from Buruli ulcer patients has very low sensitivity. Thus confirmation of M. ulcerans infection is primarily based on PCR directed against IS2404. In this study we compare the genotypes obtained by variable number of tandem repeat analysis of DNA from IS2404-PCR positive cultures with that obtained from IS2404 positive, culture-negative tissue. A significantly greater genetic heterogeneity was found among culture-negative samples compared with that found in cultured strains but a single genotype is over-represented in both sample sets. This study provides evidence that both the focal location of bacteria in a lesion as well as differences in the ability to culture a particular genotype may underlie the low sensitivity of culture. Though preliminary, data from this work also suggests that mycobacteria previously associated with fish disease (M. pseudoshottsii) may be pathogenic for humans

Stress and Coping Strategies; A Cross-Cultural Study

This research study aims at examining the cross-cultural differences or similarities in the stress coping process between countries, with a focus on the United States and Nigeria. More specifically, the study examines whether culture influences the relationship between situational control and coping strategies. Participation in this survey will be restricted to people with either Nigerian or United States nationality who have also lived in their country of nationality for a minimum of 18 years. Participants will be required to respond to items from the Locus of Control scale, brief-COPE scale, and the Values Survey Module. The outcome of this study could be useful for increasing the understanding of the impact of cultural environment on coping strategies. Organizations that have diverse employees can be enlightened on how to promote coping strategies that are actually useful for the different employee

A Randomized Phase II Trial of Pioglitazone for Lung Cancer Chemoprevention in High Risk Current and Former Smokers

Lung cancer chemoprevention, especially in high-risk former smokers, has great potential to reduce lung cancer incidence and mortality. Thiazolidinediones prevent lung cancer in preclinical studies, and diabetics receiving thiazolidinediones have lower lung cancer rates which led to our double-blind, randomized, phase II placebo-controlled trial of oral pioglitazone in high risk current or former smokers with sputum cytologic atypia or known endobronchial dysplasia. Bronchoscopy was performed at study entry and after completing of six months of treatment. Biopsies were histologically scored, and primary endpoint analysis tested worst biopsy scores (Max) between groups; Dysplasia index (DI) and average score (Avg) changes were secondary endpoints. Biopsies also received an inflammation score. The trial accrued 92 subjects (47 pioglitazone, 45 placebo), and 76 completed both bronchoscopies (39 pioglitazone, 37 placebo). Baseline dysplasia was significantly worse for current smokers, and 64% of subjects had mild or greater dysplasia at study entry. Subjects receiving pioglitazone did not exhibit improvement in bronchial dysplasia. Former smokers treated with pioglitazone exhibited a slight improvement in Max, while current smokers exhibited slight worsening. While statistically significant changes in Avg and DI were not observed in the treatment group, former smokers exhibited a slight decrease in both Avg and DI. Negligible Avg and DI changes occurred in current smokers. A trend towards decreased Ki-67 labeling index occurred in former smokers with baseline dysplasia receiving pioglitazone. While pioglitazone did not improve endobronchial histology in this high-risk cohort, specific lesions showed histologic improvement and further study is needed to better characterize responsive dysplasia

Inter-model comparison of global hydroxyl radical (OH) distributions and their impact on atmospheric methane over the 2000–2016 period

The modeling study presented here aims to estimate how uncertainties in global hydroxyl radical (OH) distributions, variability, and trends may contribute to resolving discrepancies between simulated and observed methane (CH4) changes since 2000. A multi-model ensemble of 14 OH fields was analyzed and aggregated into 64 scenarios to force the offline atmospheric chemistry transport model LMDz (Laboratoire de Meteorologie Dynamique) with a standard CH4 emission scenario over the period 2000–2016. The multi-model simulated global volume-weighted tropospheric mean OH concentration ([OH]) averaged over 2000–2010 ranges between 8:7*10^5 and 12:8*10^5 molec cm-3. The inter-model differences in tropospheric OH burden and vertical distributions are mainly determined by the differences in the nitrogen oxide (NO) distributions, while the spatial discrepancies between OH fields are mostly due to differences in natural emissions and volatile organic compound (VOC) chemistry. From 2000 to 2010, most simulated OH fields show an increase of 0.1–0:3*10^5 molec cm-3 in the tropospheric mean [OH], with year-to-year variations much smaller than during the historical period 1960–2000. Once ingested into the LMDz model, these OH changes translated into a 5 to 15 ppbv reduction in the CH4 mixing ratio in 2010, which represents 7%–20% of the model-simulated CH4 increase due to surface emissions. Between 2010 and 2016, the ensemble of simulations showed that OH changes could lead to a CH4 mixing ratio uncertainty of > 30 ppbv. Over the full 2000–2016 time period, using a common stateof- the-art but nonoptimized emission scenario, the impact of [OH] changes tested here can explain up to 54% of the gap between model simulations and observations. This result emphasizes the importance of better representing OH abundance and variations in CH4 forward simulations and emission optimizations performed by atmospheric inversions