Toxic language detection in social media for Brazilian Portuguese : new dataset and multilingual analysis

Hate speech and toxic comments are a common concern of social media platform users. Although these comments are, fortunately, the minority in these platforms, they are still capable of causing harm. Therefore, identifying these comments is an important task for studying and preventing the proliferation of toxicity in social media. Previous work in automatically detecting toxic comments focus mainly in English, with very few work in languages like Brazilian Portuguese. In this paper, we propose a new large-scale dataset for Brazilian Portuguese with tweets annotated as either toxic or non-toxic or in different types of toxicity. We present our dataset collection and annotation process, where we aimed to select candidates covering multiple demographic groups. State-of-the-art BERT models were able to achieve 76% macro-F1 score using monolingual data in the binary case. We also show that large-scale monolingual data is still needed to create more accurate models, despite recent advances in multilingual approaches. An error analysis and experiments with multi-label classification show the difficulty of classifying certain types of toxic comments that appear less frequently in our data and highlights the need to develop models that are aware of different categories of toxicity

Generation Of Machined Multiple Flat Surfaces On Circular Bar By Its Rotation And In Synchronism With Cutting Tool

The operation of machining by lathe is one of the most common operations in automobile and machinery industries. The process is able to generate cylindrical bars under a wider variety of diameters/staggerings and using different materials, metallic's or non-metallic's (cupper, wood, aluminum, brass, steel, etc.). However, when more complex geometries are required, additional machines are used, like milling machine and/or machines under numerical control (CNC) and multiple axles. The possibility of joining circles, polygons, angular motion and synchronism, open the mind to multiple figures (shapes) and movements, which can generate different geometries. This paper aims to demonstrate that both operations (turning and milling), can be made at the same time and at the same machine, special but simpler lathe. The studies of geometry, associated with calculus (trigonometry) and angular motion give basis and sustain this statement. Tests in bench materialize the idea and reinforce this thesis.82146155Martin, J.T., Jonathan, M.B., Patrick, R.A., (1998) Fractal Geometry In Digital Imaging, p. 1. , Academic PressLandrini, M., Colagrossi, A., Greco, M., Tulin, M.P., (2012) The Fluid Mechanics of Splashing Bow Waves On Ships: A Hybrid BEM-SPH Analysis, 53, pp. 111-127. , Ocean EngineeringKline, (1972) Mathematical Thought From Ancient to Modern Times, p. 1032. , Oxford University PressFigueiredo, D.G., (2009) Análise De Fourier E Equações Diferenciais, p. 274. , Editora Projeto Euclides, in PortugueseIório, V.M., (2010) EDP: Um Curso De Graduação, p. 275. , Editora Coleção Matemática Universitária, in portugueseIório Jr., R., Iório, V.M., (2010), p. 343. , Equações Diferenciais Parciais: Uma Introdução, Editora Projeto Euclides, in PortugueseKnobloch, E., (2011) Kaspar Schott's "encyclopedia of All Mathematical Sciences", 7, pp. 225-247. , Poiesis Prax(1998) Trigonometric Delights, , by Eli Maor, Princeton University Press, Ebook version, in PDF format, full text presented(1914) Trigonometry, , by Alfred Monroe Kenyon and Louis Ingold, The Macmillan Company, In images, full text presentedhttp://www.mfg.mtu.edu/cyberman/machining.html, The John W Sutherland Research PageLiang, S.Y., Junz Wang, J.J., (1994), pp. 1177-1190. , Milling force convolution modeling for identification of cutter axis offset, International Journal of Machine Tools and ManufactureMartelloti, M.E., An analysis of the milling process (1941) Transactions of the ASME, 63, pp. 677-700Martellotti, M.E., An analysis of the milling process, Part II-Down milling (1945) Transactions of the ASME, 67, pp. 233-251Ber, A., Feldman, D., (1974) A Mathematical Model of the Radial and Axial Throw of Square Indexable Inserts In a Face Milling Cutter, pp. 19-23. , Annals of CIRP: Manufacturing TechnologyKline, W.A., Devor, R.E., The effect of runout on cutting geometry and forces in end milling (1983) International Journal of Machine Tool Design and Research, pp. 123-140Fu, H.J., Devor, R.E., Kapoor, S.G., A mechanistic model for the prediction of force system in face milling operations (1984) Transactions of the ASME: Journal of Engineering For Industry, pp. 81-88Desai, K.A., Piyush, K.A., Rao, P.V.M., Process geometry modeling with cutter runout for milling of curved surfaces (2009) International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture, pp. 1015-1028Boothroyd, G., Knight, W.A., (2006) Fundamentals of Machining and Machine Tools, , CRC Press, Boca Rato

X-ray Diffraction Mapping Of Strain Fields And Chemical Composition Of Sige:si(001) Quantum Dot Molecules

A variety of surface morphologies can be formed by controlling kinetic parameters during heteroepitaxial film growth. The system reported is a Si0.7 Ge0.3 film grown by molecular beam epitaxy at 550°C and a 1 s deposition rate, producing quantum dot molecule (QDM) structures. These nanostructures are very uniform in size and shape, allowing strain mapping and chemical composition evaluation by means of anomalous x-ray diffraction in a grazing incidence geometry. Tensile and compressed regions coexist inside QDMs, in accordance with the finite-element calculations of lattice relaxation. The Ge content was found to vary significantly within the structures, and to be quite different from the nominal composition. © 2006 The American Physical Society.7312Chen, K.M., (1995) Appl. Phys. Lett., 66, p. 34. , APPLAB 0003-6951 10.1063/1.114172Goldfarb, I., (1997) Phys. Rev. Lett., 78, p. 3959. , PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.3959Mo, Y.-W., (1990) Phys. Rev. Lett., 65, p. 1020. , PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.65.1020Tomitori, M., (1994) Appl. Surf. Sci., 76-77, p. 322. , ASUSEE 0169-4332Floro, J.A., (1998) Phys. Rev. Lett., 80, p. 4717. , PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.4717Ross, F.M., (1998) Phys. Rev. Lett., 80, p. 984. , PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.984Medeiros-Ribeiro, G., (1998) Science, 279, p. 353. , SCIEAS 0036-8075 10.1126/science.279.5349.353Chaparro, S.A., (1999) Phys. Rev. Lett., 83, p. 1199. , PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.1199Denker, U., (2005) Appl. Phys. Lett., 772, p. 599. , APPLAB 0003-6951Gray, J.L., (2002) Appl. Phys. Lett., 81, p. 2445. , APPLAB 0003-6951 10.1063/1.1509094Vandervelde, J.T.E., (2003) Appl. Phys. Lett., 83, p. 2505. , APPLAB 0003-6951Jesson, D.E., (1996) Phys. Rev. Lett., 77, p. 1330. , PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.1330Gray, J.L., (2004) Phys. Rev. Lett., 92, p. 135504. , PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.135504Schülli, T.U., (2003) Phys. Rev. Lett., 90, p. 066105. , PRLTAO. 0031-9007. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.066105Malachias, A., (2003) Phys. Rev. Lett., 91, p. 176101. , PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.176101Magalhães-Paniago, R., (2002) Phys. Rev. B, 66, p. 245312. , PRBMDO. 0163-1829. 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.245312Krause, B., (2005) Phys. Rev. B, 72, p. 085339. , PRBMDO 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.085339Zhang, Y., (2001) J. Appl. Phys., 90, p. 4748. , JAPIAU 0021-8979 10.1063/1.1407311Gray, J.L., (2005) Phys. Rev. B, 72, p. 155323. , PRBMDO 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.155323Tersoff, J., (1998) Phys. Rev. Lett., 81, p. 3183. , PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.318

Rules, Standards, and the Internal Point of View

Large scale structure and cosmolog

Comparison between parameter-efficient techniques and full fine-tuning: a case study on multilingual news article classification

Adapters and Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) are parameter-efficient fine-tuning techniques designed to make the training of language models more efficient. Previous results demonstrated that these methods can even improve performance on some classification tasks. This paper complements existing research by investigating how these techniques influence classification performance and computation costs compared to full fine-tuning. We focus specifically on multilingual text classification tasks (genre, framing, and persuasion techniques detection; with different input lengths, number of predicted classes and classification difficulty), some of which have limited training data. In addition, we conduct in-depth analyses of their efficacy across different training scenarios (training on the original multilingual data; on the translations into English; and on a subset of English-only data) and different languages. Our findings provide valuable insights into the applicability of parameter-efficient fine-tuning techniques, particularly for multilabel classification and non-parallel multilingual tasks which are aimed at analysing input texts of varying length

Prevalence, predictors, and prognostic implications of residual impairment of functional capacity after transcatheter aortic valve implantation

Background: Patients with degenerative aortic stenosis (AS) referred for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) typically have advanced cardiac and vascular adverse remodeling and multiple comorbidities and, therefore, might not recover a normal functional capacity after valve replacement. We sought to investigate the prevalence, the predictors, and the prognostic impact of residual impairment of functional capacity after TAVI. Methods and results: Out of 790 patients undergoing TAVI with impaired functional capacity (NYHA II–IV

Significant Biochemical, Biophysical and Metabolic Diversity in Circulating Human Cord Blood Reticulocytes

10.1371/journal.pone.0076062PLoS ONE810-POLN