7,311 research outputs found
Self-sustained spatiotemporal oscillations induced by membrane-bulk coupling
We propose a novel mechanism leading to spatiotemporal oscillations in
extended systems that does not rely on local bulk instabilities. Instead,
oscillations arise from the interaction of two subsystems of different spatial
dimensionality. Specifically, we show that coupling a passive diffusive bulk of
dimension d with an excitable membrane of dimension d-1 produces a
self-sustained oscillatory behavior. An analytical explanation of the
phenomenon is provided for d=1. Moreover, in-phase and anti-phase
synchronization of oscillations are found numerically in one and two
dimensions. This novel dynamic instability could be used by biological systems
such as cells, where the dynamics on the cellular membrane is necessarily
different from that of the cytoplasmic bulk.Comment: Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letter
Galaxy evolution across the optical emission-line diagnostic diagrams?
The discovery of the M-sigma relation, the local galaxy bimodality, and the
link between black-hole and host-galaxy properties, have raised the question
whether AGN play a role in galaxy evolution. Several theoretical models
implement AGN feedback to explain the observed galaxy luminosity function, and
possibly the color and morphological transformation of spiral galaxies into
passive ellipticals. To understand the importance of AGN feedback, a study of
the AGN populations in the radio-optical domain is crucial. A mass sequence
linking star-forming galaxies and AGN has been already noted in previous works,
and it is now investigated as possible evolutionary sequence. We observed a
sample of 119 intermediate-redshift (0.04<z<0.4) SDSS-FIRST radio emitters with
the Effelsberg 100-m telescope at 4.85 and 10.45 GHz and obtained spectral
indices. We find indications of spectral index flattening in high-metallicity
star-forming galaxies, composite galaxies, and Seyferts. This "flattening
sequence" along the [NII]-based emission-line diagnostic diagram is consistent
with the hardening of galaxy ionizing field, due to nuclear activity. After
combining our data with FIRST measurements at 1.4 GHz, we find that the
three-point radio spectra of Seyferts and LINERs show substantial differences,
attributable to small radio core components and larger (arcsecond sized)
jet/lobe components, respectively. A visual inspection of FIRST images seems to
confirm this hypothesis. Galaxies along this sequence are hypothesized to be
transitioning from the active star-forming galaxies (blue cloud) to the passive
elliptical galaxies (red sequence). This supports the suggestion that AGN play
a role in shutting down star-formation, and allow the transition from one
galaxy class to the other.Comment: 20 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in A&
A low-luminosity type-1 QSO sample; III. Optical spectroscopic properties and activity classification
We report on the optical spectroscopic analysis of a sample of 99
low-luminosity quasi-stellar objects (LLQSOs) at base the
Hamburg/ESO QSO survey (HES). The LLQSOs presented here offer the possibility
of studying the faint end of the QSO population at smaller cosmological
distances and, therefore, in greater detail. A small number of our LLQSO
present no broad component. Two sources show double broad components, whereas
six comply with the classic NLS1 requirements. As expected in NLR of broad line
AGNs, the [S{\sc{ii}}]based electron density values range between 100 and
1000 N/cm. Using the optical characteristics of Populations A and
B, we find that 50\% of our sources with H broad emission are consistent
with the radio-quiet sources definition. The remaining sources could be
interpreted as low-luminosity radio-loud quasar. The BPT-based classification
renders an AGN/Seyfert activity between 50 to 60\%. For the remaining sources,
the possible star burst contribution might control the LINER and HII
classification. Finally, we discuss the aperture effect as responsible for the
differences found between data sets, although variability in the BLR could play
a significant role as well.Comment: 22 pages; 5 tables; 17 figures; in press with A&
How to reduce the number of rating scale items without predictability loss?
Rating scales are used to elicit data about qualitative entities (e.g.,
research collaboration). This study presents an innovative method for reducing
the number of rating scale items without the predictability loss. The "area
under the receiver operator curve method" (AUC ROC) is used. The presented
method has reduced the number of rating scale items (variables) to 28.57\%
(from 21 to 6) making over 70\% of collected data unnecessary.
Results have been verified by two methods of analysis: Graded Response Model
(GRM) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). GRM revealed that the new method
differentiates observations of high and middle scores. CFA proved that the
reliability of the rating scale has not deteriorated by the scale item
reduction. Both statistical analysis evidenced usefulness of the AUC ROC
reduction method.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figure
Protocol: Triple Diamond method for problem solving and design thinking. Rubric validation
[EN] There is a set of tools that we can use to improve the results of each of the phases that continuous improvement projects must go through (8D, PDCA, DMAIC, Double diamond, etc.). These methods use divergent techniques, which help generate multiple alternatives, and convergent techniques that help analyze and filter the generated options. However, the tools used in all those frameworks are often very similar. Our goal, in this research, is to develop a comprehensive model that allows it to be used both for problem-solving and for taking advantage of opportunities. This protocol defines the main terms related to our research, makes a framework proposal, proposes a rubric that identifies observable milestones at each stage of the model and proposes the action plan to validate this rubric and the model in a given context. The action plan will be implemented in a future research.Marin-Garcia, JA.; Garcia-Sabater, JJ.; Garcia-Sabater, JP.; Maheut, J. (2020). Protocol: Triple Diamond method for problem solving and design thinking. Rubric validation. WPOM-Working Papers on Operations Management. 11(2):49-68. https://doi.org/10.4995/wpom.v11i2.14776OJS496811
Ecological design of a crayfishing program to control population density of the invasive species Procambarus Clarkii in Doñana National Park freshwater marsh (Spain)
The exploitation of Procambarus clarkii in Doñana National Park’s freshwater marsh (DNP) has been economically important to the local human population since the 1970s. The high density of this crayfish species has been causing a major environmental impact in the Park by the substantial reduction of submerging aquatic macrophytes prairies due to its broad trophic spectrum and feeding habits, which turned the environmental frame (consisting in clear water equilibrium) into a turbid water balance. Differences in population dynamics of three population groups of P. clarkii in the DNP freshwater marsh were compared and analyzed from a fishery perspective. The objective is to reduce their ecological impact using optimal crayfishing management. Maximum growth curves showed that crayfish have different growth optimums. Recruitment of young crayfish varies between different populations; when there is an excessive increase in the density of juveniles in a population and conditions are stressful, their growth is deficient. If these conditions persist, the population could become stunted. Fishery for commercial gain is banned in DNP; however, a model of fisheries program aimed at controlling the excess population of crayfish can be effective in halting the ecological impact of this invasive species while providing an opportunity for poachers to have viable productive options. The model proposed can help to solve the problem of crayfish “poaching” through the legalization and strict control of harvesting practicesPedro J. Gutiérrez-Yurrita also thanks the ICI (Spain) for a subvention grant and CONACyT (México) for a financial complement of the former grant that enabled him to complete this researc
Understanding the Success of Government Portals: The Role of Political Leadership, Standards, and a Powerful Centralized IT Agency
Information technologies have become an essential component of government administrative reforms and governance strategies around the world. Although Internet portals are now some of the most mature technologies, they continue to be the most important channel for governments to provide information and services to citizens and other stakeholders. However, studies about government portals still lack the level of detail necessary to better understand the specific variables that affect their success and, more prominently, how these variables intertwine. Based on institutional theory, particularly the technology enactment framework, and one in-depth case study in Mexico, this paper shows how leadership from the governor, the establishment of government-wide rules and standards, and the existence of a powerful centralized IT agency collectively affect the process of enacting a state government website and its potential results. The paper also identifies other variables and discusses some of their interactions and mechanisms of influence
Gamification of participatory modeling in the context of sustainable development: existing and new solutions
Serious games and gamification tools have gradually expanded their application in participatory settings, while already being widely used in the context of sustainable development in general. Their popularity is explained by their ability to create an engaging and experimental environment, which evokes critical thought, meaningful interaction between the participants and experience-based learning. Although game design principles and tools are, to a large extent, universal, their application differs from one field to another. The simulation modelling field has a long history of using game elements to make complicated models more user-friendly and understandable for wider audiences. Management flight simulators, microworlds, policy exercises and strategic simulations are among the most common examples. Meanwhile, the urban planning field often makes use of interactive 3D maps, including the most recent advancements in applying XR technologies to make the interaction with the system more tactile and collaborative in a multi- user setting. Serious games are used in participatory projects as a supplementary approach to provoking discussion among the stakeholders and stimulating critical thinking. Gamification in the participatory modeling field is commonly used at the initial and final stages of the process or by incorporating a role playing component into the process (e.g. in companion modeling and social simulations). Based on the existing research, we have two main observations: (1) in each of the above-mentioned fields there are traditional ways of using gamification and visualization instruments and there is a lack of ‘cross-pollination’ between various application fields in terms of choosing gamification tools, (2) gamification tools are commonly used at one or two stages of participatory modeling process but rarely over the entire process of participatory modeling. We suggest that by introducing more gamification elements throughout the whole PM process we can produce a more gameful or, at least, a more engaging experience for stakeholders. As a preliminary step towards wider use of gamification in the participatory modeling process, we first analyze how existing gaming solutions from various fields can be applied in the context of different stages of participatory modeling. In our research we critically reviewed the use of gamification from two perspectives: (1) to which extent it could help to mitigate the challenges of participatory modeling process (e.g. biases, groupthink, conflicts, etc.) and consequently contribute to better learning and communication between the participants, (2) how it could contribute to the creation of engaging experiences for the participants during participatory modeling process. As a result, we propose a framework for gamification of each stage of the participatory modeling process taking into consideration the already existing solutions, as well as the insights from the game design and behavioral science fields
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