Laterite-A Potential Alternative for Removal of Groundwater Arsenic

Arsenic removal by heat treated laterite from contaminated water was investigated through batch adsorption experiments. The removal rate was dependent on the initial arsenic concentrations and a high initial rate of removal followed by a slower subsequent removal rate with a gradual approach to a steady-state condition. Rate kinetics was studied using both first-order and pseudo-second order models, and intraparticle diffusion from the solution to the adsorption sites was considered as major rate controlling step. Adsorption equilibrium data pointed to favorable adsorption of arsenic onto laterite and fitted with both Langmuir and Freundlich models. Thermodynamic data suggested chemical nature of the adsorption. Experimental data were used to estimate the life-time of laterite as a column packing-adsorber with the simplest assumptions and for typical initial concentration ( 3c0.30 mg L-1 arsenic) it was 74 days maximum while to achieve WHO safe limit (0.01 mg L-1). Laterite is a natural substance and can be collected very cheaply, so its utilization for arsenic removal is expected to be economical and feasible. It might be a promising alternative of other proposed arsenic removal media for the arsenic-affected region of the world

Densities and viscosities of the binary mixtures of phenylmethanol with 2-butanone

Densities and viscosities of the binary systems of phenylmethanol with 2-butanone were measured for the entire composition range at T = (303.15, 308.15, 313.15, 318.15, and 323.15) K and at the atmospheric pressure. The excess molar volumes were derived from the experimental data and were fitted with the Redlich-Kister equation to obtain their coefficients and standard deviations. The Grunberg-Nissan equation was used to correlate the viscosity data. Furthermore, kinematic viscosities were compared with those predicted by the UNIFAC-VISCO model. The cause of relatively large deviations between the experimental and predicted kinematic viscosities was explored by comparing the combinatorial and residual terms of the UNIFAC-VISCO model. © 2011 American Chemical Society

Erratum: Density and viscosity of the binary mixtures of hexan-1-ol with isomeric xylenes at T = (308.15 and 318.15) K and atmospheric pressure

金沢大学理工研究域物質化学系Densities and viscosities of binary liquid mixtures of hexan-1-ol + o-xylene, + m-xylene, or + p-xylene were measured at a number of mole fractions at T = (308.15 and 318.15) K and atmospheric pressure. The excess volumes and the viscosity deviations from the mole fraction average were calculated from the experimental density and viscosity data. The experimental data were correlated with Redlich-Kister equation. Variations in the calculated excess and deviation properties for the liquid mixtures were studied in terms of intermolecular interactions. © 2010 American Chemical Society

Viscometric behavior of binary mixtures of butan-2-one with benzene at T = (303.15, 313.15, and 323.15) K

金沢大学理工研究域物質化学系Viscosities of binary liquid mixtures of butan-2-one with benzene were measured at a number of mole fractions at T = (303.15, 313.15, and 323.15) K and atmospheric pressure. The viscometric behavior is discussed on the basis of structural and geometrical effects between the components. In addition, kinematic viscosities were calculated using the UNIFAC-VISCO model. The predicted kinematic viscosities are in good agreement with the experimental ones. © 2011 American Chemical Society

Interactions between Obsessional Symptoms and Interpersonal Ambivalences in Psychodynamic Therapy: An Empirical Case Study

The classical symptom specificity hypothesis (Blatt, 1974) particularly associates obsessional symptoms to interpersonal behavior directed at autonomy and separation from others. Cross-sectional group research, however, has yielded inconsistent findings on this predicted association, and a previous empirical case study (Cornelis et al., in press; see Chapter 2) documented obsessional pathology to be rooted in profound ambivalences between autonomous and dependent interpersonal dynamics. Therefore, in the present empirical case study, concrete operationalizations of the classical symptom specificity hypothesis are contrasted to alternative hypotheses based on the observed complexities in Chapter 2. Dynamic associations between obsessional symptoms and interpersonal functioning is further explored, aiming at further contribution to theory building (i.e., through suggestions for potential hypothesis-refinement; Stiles, 2009). Similar to the first empirical case study (Chapter 1), Consensual Qualitative Research for Case studies is used to quantitatively and qualitatively describe the longitudinal, clinical interplay between obsessional symptoms and interpersonal dynamics throughout the process of supportive-expressive psychodynamic therapy. In line with findings from Chapter 1, findings reveal close associations between obsessions and interpersonal dynamics, and therapist interventions focusing on interpersonal conflicts are documented as related to interpersonal and symptomatic alterations. Observations predominantly accord to the ambivalence-hypothesis rather than to the classical symptom specificity hypothesis. Yet, meaningful differences are observed in concrete manifestations of interpersonal ambivalences within significant relationships. Findings are again discussed in light of conceptual and methodological considerations; and limitations and future research indications are addressed

The Optokinetic Reflex as a Tool for Quantitative Analyses of Nervous System Function in Mice: Application to Genetic and Drug-Induced Variation

The optokinetic reflex (OKR), which serves to stabilize a moving image on the retina, is a behavioral response that has many favorable attributes as a test of CNS function. The OKR requires no training, assesses the function of diverse CNS circuits, can be induced repeatedly with minimal fatigue or adaptation, and produces an electronic record that is readily and objectively quantifiable