On the possible critical behaviour of a marginally stable stellar disc

Using hydrodynamic approach, it is shown that the properties of a marginally stable collisionless stellar disc resemble those of a thermodynamic system undergoing a gas--liquid phase transition. The maximum in Toomre's stability diagram, which separates gravitationally stable and unstable states with respect to axisymmetric perturbations, can be treated as a critical point for this transition. Static perturbations of stellar density are explored and the mean perturbation amplitude is considered as the order parameter of the theory. The disc's state is assumed to change as the disc passes through the critical point. Since the disc tends to retain hydrostatic equilibrium, structures can be formed spontaneously, identifiable with a seed spiral structure. A power-law scaling of the order parameter in the vicinity of the critical point has been found. The susceptibility and other Landau--Weiss exponents similar to those in the Van der Waals theory are calculated. The critical behaviour of marginally stable discs at the initial stage of their evolution occurs in numerical simulations where snapshots of stellar positions reveal stellar splinters and crescents diverging from the disc centre. These structures can be a result of the phase transition. In numerical simulations, these structures eventually reduce to decaying worm-type features because of the `heating' most likely resulting from instability of stellar orbits due to resonances. Under favourable conditions the critical behaviour leading to the establishment of order in a stellar disc can result in the generation of a spiral structure.Comment: 16 pages, 1 figur

High protein diet: benefits and risks

The nature of human nutrition has become increasingly important as an effective element in the prevention and treatment of many pathologies, especially obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. High protein diets are some of the most popular eating patterns and the Dukan diet has taken the lead in popularity among the diets of this type. An increase of protein in the diet is effective in reducing body weight, primarily due to the loss of adipose tissue, without a significant effect on muscle mass. Another advantage of a high-protein diet is earlier and longer satiety compared to other diets, which makes it comfortable for use. Besides obesity, high protein diets are presumably effective for treating such diseases as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases However, despite the important advantages, this nutritional model is not universal and is contraindicated in patients with diseases of liver, kidneys and osteoporosis. Besides, the prolonged use of a high protein diet may increase the risks of urolithiasis and reduced mineral bone density even for healthy individuals. Thus, the increase in the proportion of protein in the diet should take place exclusively under the supervision of a physician

Методология управления когнитивными факторами производства высокотехнологичных предприятий

The purpose of the article is to outline the main provisions of the methodology for managing cognitive factors of production. It is shown that the processes of industrial re-industrialization, known as Industry 4.0, have led to the emergence of a new type of production resources –  cognitive factors of production. The essence of the concept of “cognitive factors of production” is determined, a structural diagram of the methodology of managing cognitive factors of production is presented. Based on the methods of system analysis, an organizational and economic management model is developed and a mechanism for integration into the general control loop of an industrial enterprise is proposed. In conclusion, conclusions are drawn about the possibility of applying the methodology of managing cognitive factors of production in a knowledge-based economy.Целью статьи является изложение основных положений методологии управления когнитивными факторами производства. Показано, что процессы реиндустриализации промышленности, известные как Индустрия 4.0, обусловили появление нового вида производственных ресурсов –  когнитивных факторов производства. Определена сущность понятия «когнитивные факторы производства», представлена структурная схема методологии управления когнитивными факторами производства. На основе методов системного анализа разработана организационно-экономическая модель управления и предложен механизм интеграции в общий контур управления промышленного предприятия. В заключение сделаны выводы о возможности применения методологии управления когнитивными факторами производства в условиях наукоемкой экономики

ИТОГИ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ МЕРОПРИЯТИЙ, НАПРАВЛЕННЫХ НА СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ ОКАЗАНИЯ МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ ПОМОЩИ БОЛЬНЫМ С СОСУДИСТЫМИ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯМИ НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ ТОМСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ В 2012 г.

Acute disorders of cerebral circulation remain serious medical and social problem associated with high disability and mortality rates. Since 2011 Tomsk oblast is a participating member of the medical campaign aimed at improved medical services to the vascular patients. The preliminary implementation data analysis for 2012 revealed improvement of most of the indices of medical support to patients suffering from acute cerebral circulation; increased number of the in-patient cases (Regional Vascular Center and primary vascular department), decreased lethality rates from strokes, specifically hemorrhagic cases. Strict observance of the Regulations on Medical Assistance for stroke patients and the using of modern methods of therapy allowed to decrease hospital mortality in the Primary Vascular Departments and early mortality in the Regional Vascular Center. The active implementation of neurorehabilitation approaches resulted in the increased number of patients who do not require third parties’ assistance. Analysis of the work of the departments helped to identifying current problems and perspectives of further development of special medical care for stroke patients.Острые нарушения мозгового кровообращения (ОНМК) остаются актуальной медицинской и социальной проблемой с высокими показателями смертности и инвалидизации населения. С 2011 Томская область вошла в число участников мероприятий, направленных на совершенствование оказания медицинской помощи больным с сосудистыми заболеваниями. Анализ предварительных результатов реализации данных мероприятий за 2012 показал улучшение большинства показателей, характеризующих состояние медицинской помощи больным с ОНМК: повысился процент пациентов, госпитализированных в специализированные отделения (региональный сосудистый центр и первичные сосудистые отделения), снизилась летальность от инсультов, особенно от геморрагических типов. Строгое выполнение утвержденных порядков помощи больным с ОНМК и использование современных методик лечения инсульта в сосудистых отделениях позволило снизить госпитальную летальность в первичных сосудистых отделениях и раннюю летальность в региональном сосудистом центре. Активное применение нейрореабилитационных мероприятий привело к повышению доли пациентов, не зависимых от окружающих при выписке. Анализ показателей работы отделений позволил обозначить существующие проблемы и перспективы дальнейшего развития специализированной медицинской помощи данной категории больных.

Isolation, characterisation, and selection of wine yeast strains in Etyek-Buda wine district, Hungary

Initiated by the Association “Wine Route of Etyek Wine District”, the objectives of this study were to isolate and identify autochthonous yeast strains from local wines and to determine their oenologically important properties. The first aim of this work was to characterize the taxonomic and phenotypic diversity of the representative Saccharomyces yeast strains that dominate the spontaneous fermentations in this wine district. The results obtained by molecular ribotyping (ARDRA) revealed a strong dominance of S. cerevisiae, but S. bayanus var. uvarum was also present sporadically. Some of the natural isolates exhibited high volatile acid production or poor fermentation capacity, which imply a quality risk in spontaneous fermentations. Most of the isolates, however, displayed good oenological features during lab scale fermentations. As the second aim of this work, the most promising, selected strains were further tested for oenological properties in microvinification scale and, finally, in large scale fermentations. The analytical and sensory analysis proved that selected strains, including S. bayanus var. uvarum, can be used as local starter cultures, which may contribute to the typicality of the local wines in comparison with commercial starters

Polymorphism of viral dsRNA in Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous strains isolated from different geographic areas

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Strains of the astaxanthin producing yeast <it>Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous </it>have been isolated from different cold regions around the earth, and the presence of double stranded RNA (dsRNA) elements was described in some isolates. This kind of viruses is widely distributed among yeasts and filamentous fungi and, although generally are cryptic in function, their studies have been a key factor in the knowledge of important fungi. In this work, the characterization and genetic relationships among dsRNA elements were determined in strains representatives of almost all regions of the earth where <it>X. dendrorhous </it>have been isolated.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Almost all strains of <it>X. dendrorhous </it>analyzed carry one, two or four dsRNA elements, of molecular sizes in the range from 0.8 to 5.0 kb. Different dsRNA-patterns were observed in strains with different geographic origin, being L1 (5.0 kb) the common dsRNA element. By hybridization assays a high genomic polymorphism was observed among L1 dsRNAs of different <it>X. dendrorhous </it>strains. Contrary, hybridization was observed between L1 and L2 dsRNAs of strains from same or different regions, while the dsRNA elements of minor sizes (M, S1, and S2) present in several strains did not show hybridization with neither L1 or L2 dsRNAs. Along the growth curve of UCD 67-385 (harboring four dsRNAs) an increase of L2 relative to L1 dsRNA was observed, whiles the S1/L1 ratio remains constant, as well as the M/L1 ratio of Patagonian strain. Strains cured of S2 dsRNA were obtained by treatment with anisomycin, and comparison of its dsRNA contents with uncured strain, revealed an increase of L1 dsRNA while the L2 and S1 dsRNA remain unaltered.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The dsRNA elements of <it>X. dendrorhous </it>are highly variable in size and sequence, and the dsRNA pattern is specific to the geographic region of isolation. Each L1 and L2 dsRNA are viral elements able to self replicate and to coexist into a cell, and L1 and S2 dsRNAs elements could be part of a helper/satellite virus system in <it>X. dendrorhous</it>.</p

Development of 100^{100}Mo-containing scintillating bolometers for a high-sensitivity neutrinoless double-beta decay search

We report recent achievements in the development of scintillating bolometers to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay of $^{100}$Mo. The presented results have been obtained in the framework of the LUMINEU, LUCIFER and EDELWEISS collaborations, and are now part of the R\&D activities towards CUPID (CUORE Update with Particle IDentification), a proposed next-generation double-beta decay experiment based on the CUORE experience. We have developed a technology for the production of large mass ($\sim$1 kg), high optical quality, radiopure zinc and lithium molybdate crystal scintillators (ZnMoO$_4$ and Li$_2$MoO$_4$, respectively) from deeply purified natural and $^{100}$Mo-enriched molybdenum. The procedure is applied for a routine production of enriched crystals. Furthermore, the technology of a single detector module consisting of a large-volume ($\sim 100$~cm$^3$) Zn$^{100}$MoO$_4$ and Li$_2$$^{100}$MoO$_4$ scintillating bolometer has been established, demonstrating performance and radiopurity that are close to satisfy the demands of CUPID. In particular, the FWHM energy resolution of the detectors at 2615 keV --- near the $Q$-value of the double-beta transition of $^{100}$Mo (3034~keV) --- is $\approx$ 4--10~keV. The achieved rejection of $\alpha$-induced dominant background above 2.6~MeV is at the level of more than 99.9\%. The bulk activity of $^{232}$Th ($^{228}$Th) and $^{226}$Ra in the crystals is below 10 $\mu$Bq/kg. Both crystallization and detector technologies favor Li$_2$MoO$_4$, which was selected as a main element for the realization of a CUPID demonstrator (CUPID-0/Mo) with $\sim$7 kg of $^{100}$Mo