The Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine by Adults and Children in the South

A community of students, at different ranks, and two faculty members engaged in the development of a research project aimed at studying the consumption of complementary and/or alternative medicine (CAM) in the South. A well-established store in the community was identified for the study because of its focus on natural products and well-being. The students and faculty developed a CAM survey and the store owners provided feedback and gave approval to conduct the study on their patrons. The survey explored CAM use among adults and children in comparison to CAM uses in other regions of the country. Challenges and lessons learned from the engaged project are discussed, along with the findings that included family remedies and folklore recipes used in the South for varying ailments and symptoms

Porphyrin Binding to Gun4 protein, Facilitated by a Flexible Loop, Controls Metabolite Flow through the Chlorophyll Biosynthetic Pathway

In oxygenic phototrophs, chlorophylls, hemes and bilins are synthesized by a common branched pathway. Given the phototoxic nature of tetrapyrroles, this pathway must be tightly regulated and an important regulatory role is attributed to Mgchelatase enzyme at the branching between the heme and chlorophyll pathway. Gun4 is a porphyrin-binding protein known to stimulate in vitro the Mg-chelatase activity but how the Gun4-porphyrin complex acts in the cell was unknown. To address this issue we first performed simulations to determine the porphyrin-docking mechanism to the cyanobacterial Gun4 structure. After correcting crystallographic loop contacts, we determined the binding site for Mgprotoporphyrin IX. It revealed that the orientation of 6/7 loop is critical for the binding and the magnesium ion held within the porphyrin is coordinated by Asn211 residue. We also identified the basis for stronger binding in the Gun4-1 variant and for weaker binding in the W192A mutant. The W192A-Gun4 was further characterized in Mg-chelatase assay showing that tight porphyrin-binding in Gun4 facilitates its interaction with the Mg-chelatase ChlH subunit. Finally, we introduced the W192A mutation into Synechocystis 6803 cells and show that the Gun4-porphyrin complex is important for the accumulation of ChlH and for channeling metabolites into the chlorophyll biosynthetic pathway.This work was supported by project P501/12/G055 of the Czech Science Foundation, and by the National Programme of Sustainability I (LO1416) and by ERC 2009-Adg25027-PELE (to V.G). J.K. was supported by project Algain (EE2.3.30.0059). N.B.P.A., P.A.D., A.A.B. and C.N.H. thank the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) U.K. for funding, under award numbers BB/G021546/1 and BB/M000265/1. CNH was also supported by an Advanced Award 338895 from the European Research Council.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Tachyon Hair on Two-Dimensional Black Holes

Static black holes in two-dimensional string theory can carry tachyon hair. Configurations which are non-singular at the event horizon have non-vanishing asymptotic energy density. Such solutions can be smoothly extended through the event horizon and have non-vanishing energy flux emerging from the past singularity. Dynamical processes will not change the amount of tachyon hair on a black hole. In particular, there will be no tachyon hair on a black hole formed in gravitational collapse if the initial geometry is the linear dilaton vacuum. There also exist static solutions with finite total energy, which have singular event horizons. Simple dynamical arguments suggest that black holes formed in gravitational collapse will not have tachyon hair of this type.Comment: 11 pages, 1 figure (not included), uses phyzzx, SU-ITP-93-1

Immunohistochemical expression of OCT4 and CD44 in major and minor salivary gland neoplasms

The aim of this study was to identify tumor parenchyma cells exhibiting immunohistochemical profile of stem cells by evaluating the immunoreactivity of OCT4 and CD44 in a number of cases of salivary gland neoplasms. The sample consisted of 20 pleomorphic adenomas, 20 mucoepidermoid carcinomas, and 20 adenoid cystic carcinomas located in major and minor salivary glands. The expression of OCT4 and CD44 was evaluated by the percentage of positive cells and the intensity of expression. All studied cases showed positive expression of OCT4 and CD44 and higher values than the control groups. For OCT4, luminal and non-luminal cells were immunostained in the case of pleomorphic adenomas and adenoid cystic carcinomas. Moreover, the immunoreactivity of CD44 was particularly evident in the nonluminal cells of these lesions. In mucoepidermoid carcinomas, there was immunoreactivity for both markers in squamous and intermediate cells and absence of staining in mucous cells. For both markers, a significantly higher immunostaining was verified in neoplasms located in the major salivary glands compared with lesions in minor salivary glands (p<0.001). In the total sample and in minor salivary glands, malignant neoplasms exhibited higher immunoreactivity for OCT4 than pleomorphic adenoma. A significant moderate positive correlation (r = 0.444 and p ≤ 0.001) was found between OCT4 and CD44 immunoexpression in the total sample. The high expression of OCT4 and CD44 may indicate that these proteins play an important role in identifying tumor stem cells

Desenvolvimento de Nuggets de Frango em Formato de Coxinhas das Asas com Três Sistemas de Cobertura para Empanamento

Produtos com maior vida útil comparado a carne crua estão despertando interesse dos consumidores. A tendência está pela busca de alimentos empanados, pois estes têm como diferenciais a praticidade e facilidade no momento do preparo. Os nuggets são alimentos à base de carne de frango, empanados, pré-fritos, cozidos e congelados. O objetivo desse trabalho foi desenvolver um novo produto alinhado com as tendências de mercado, o nugget de frango em formato de coxinha das asas com três sistemas de coberturas nos sabores: natural, tradicional e à moda sulista (picante), acondicionadas em embalagens diferenciadas (balde). Foi realizada pesquisa de mercado utilizando questionário disponibilizado na plataforma Google Forms, buscando avaliar o perfil do consumidor e a inten-ção prévia de compra. Foi executado teste sensorial de aceitação nos três produtos com 25 consumidores. Obtiveram-se 79 respostas no questionário online, 73,4% dos entrevistados eram mulheres, sendo que 96,2% consomem produtos empanados pelo menos uma vez na semana. O teste sensorial resultou em índice de aceitação maior que 70% para os atributos avaliados, sendo que 40% provavelmente comprariam o produto nos sabores tradicional e picante, enquanto 33% comprariam o sabor natural. A análise de custo de produção inferiu no valor de R$ 10,10 em embalagem especial de 700 g

The Role of the Magnetic Field in the Interstellar Medium of the Post-Starburst Dwarf Irregular Galaxy NGC 1569

(abridged) NGC 1569 is a nearby dwarf irregular galaxy which underwent an intense burst of star formation 10 to 40 Myr ago. We present observations that reach surface brightnesses two to eighty times fainter than previous radio continuum observations and the first radio continuum polarization observations. These observations allow us to probe the relationship of the magnetic field of NGC 1569 to the rest of its interstellar medium. We confirm the presence of an extended radio continuum halo at 20 cm and see for the first time the radio continuum feature associated with the western Halpha arm at wavelengths shorter than 20cm. The spectral index trends in this galaxy support the theory that there is a convective wind at work in this galaxy. We derive a total magnetic field strength of 38 microG in the central regions and 10-15 microG in the halo. The magnetic field is largely random in the center of the galaxy; the uniform field is ~3-9 microG and is strongest in the halo. We find that the magnetic pressure is the same order of magnitude but, in general, a factor of a few less than the other components of the interstellar medium in this galaxy. The uniform magnetic field in NGC 1569 is closely associated with the Halpha bubbles and filaments. We suggest that a supernova-driven dynamo may be operating in this galaxy. The outflow of hot gas from NGC 1569 is clearly shaping the magnetic field, but the magnetic field in turn may be aiding the outflow by channeling gas out of the disk of the galaxy. Dwarf galaxies with extended radio continuum halos like that of NGC 1569 may play an important role in magnetizing the intergalactic medium.Comment: ApJ accepted. 56 pages, 14 figures (low resolution), 8 tables. Version with high resolution figures at http://www.astro.virginia.edu/~aak8t/data/n1569/ms.pd

Clinicopathologic features of nasopalatine duct cysts:a retrospective study in two Brazilian oral and maxillofacial pathology referral centers

Nasopalatine duct cyst (NDC) is the most common non-odontogenic cyst in the oral cavity. Clinically it is not difficult to suspect these lesions based on clinical and radiographic appearance. However, the histopathological diagnosis may be difficult due to the broad morphological diversity of these lesions. The objective was to analyze the clinicopathological features of NDCs diagnosed in two oral and maxillofacial pathology services in the Brazilian northeast. A retrospective clinicopathologic study was performed. A total of 18,121 clinical records of oral lesions from two oral and maxillofacial pathology services in Brazil were analyzed (2000-2020). All NDCs cases were revised and demographic, clinical, radiographic, and histopathological data were collected. Among 18,121 diagnoses in the oral pathology services, 45 (0.2%) were NDCs. The series comprises 24 males (53.3%) and 21 females (46.7%), with a mean age of 43.2 years-old. Most lesions were asymptomatic (n = 27, 60%) with an mean size of 2.1 cm. Microscopically, the non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium was the most common (66.7%). However, in 88.9% of cases, the epithelial lining was varied and composed of two or more types of epithelium. There was no significant association between the type of epithelium and the size of the cysts (p = 0.389). Nerve, blood vessels, hemorrhage, and chronic inflammatory infiltrate were commonly observed. In contrast, there was a low frequency of mucous glands, sebaceous glands, cholesterol clefts, and multinucleated giant cells. The clinical, radiographic, and microscopic findings observed in this study are similar to those reported in the literature. Due to the morphological diversity of NDC, it is needed to correlate its histopathological features with the clinical and radiographic findings to establish a correct diagnosis

Disfunção temporomandibular e sua relação com os hormônios estrogênio e progesterona: uma revisão integrativa

Introdução: Estudos recentes sugerem que as variações dos hormônios ovarianos estrogênio e progesterona no organismo de algumas mulheres têm sido uma das possíveis causas para o surgimento da disfunção temporomandibular (DTM), e a sintomatologia dolorosa da DTM, em alguns casos, ocorrem acompanhando os ciclos mensais das mulheres. Objetivo: Discorrer, a partir de uma revisão de literatura, sobre a relação entre a presença e/ou alteração nos hormônios estrogênio e progesterona, e a síndrome da desordem temporomandibular, no que se refere à predisposição, desencadeamento ou modificação do curso da patologia ou sintomatologia. Método: Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa de literatura, considerando as bases de dados PUBMED, SCIELO, SciVerse Scopus, BVS, Periódicos CAPES, Google Acadêmico, CLINICAL TRIALS e ISRCTN registry. Foram incluídos estudos epidemiológicos, observacionais, clínicos e experimentais, publicados entre 2013 e 2023, disponíveis em texto completo (free full text) nos idiomas português, inglês ou espanhol, e com relação direta à questão de pesquisa. Resultados: Foram selecionados 22 artigos, que, sumariamente, demonstraram que as variações nos níveis séricos de estrogênio e progesterona podem influenciar na formação e/ou no nível de sintomatologia da DTM. Conclusão: A partir deste estudo, foi possível evidenciar a relação entre os hormônios estrogênio e progesterona e a DTM, onde ambos tendem a aparecer com funções antagonistas, sejam ensejando a formação da patologia articular na articulação temporomandibular, no caso da atuação do estrogênio; ou modulando o seu limiar de dor, de forma benéfica, no caso da progesterona

Environmental sustainability of alternative marine propulsion technologies powered by hydrogen - a life cycle assessment approach

Shipping is a very important source of pollution worldwide. In recent years, numerous actions and measures have been developed trying to reduce the levels of greenhouse gases (GHG) from the marine exhaust emissions in the fight against climate change, boosting the Sustainable Development Goal 13. Following this target, the action of hydrogen as energy vector makes it a suitable alternative to be used as fuel, constituting a very promising energy carrier for energy transition and decarbonization in maritime transport. The objective of this study is to develop an ex-ante environmental evaluation of two promising technologies for vessels propulsion, a H2 Polymeric Electrolytic Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC), and a H2 Internal Combustion Engine (ICE), in order to determine their viability and eligibility compared to the traditional one, a diesel ICE. The applied methodology follows the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) guidelines, considering a functional unit of 1 kWh of energy produced. LCA results reveal that both alternatives have great potential to promote the energy transition, particularly the H2 ICE. However, as technologies readiness level is quite low, it was concluded that the assessment has been conducted at a very early stage, so their sustainability and environmental performance may change as they become more widely developed and deployed, which can be only achieved with political and stakeholder's involvement and collaboration.This work was supported by the European Union through the Project HYLANTIC EAPA_204/201; “The Atlantic Network for Renewable Generation and Supply of Hydrogen to promote High Energy Efficiency”

Protein concentration of winter wheat varieties in Oklahoma - 2022-2023

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