The Effect of Forward Leaning and Pursed Lips Breathing Exercises on The Value of Oxygen Saturation in Adult Smokers

Background: Smoking which is a lifestyle trend continues to increase and take its toll each year. Cigarettes have chemical compounds. Which has toxic and carcinogenic effects that can cause respiratory, cardiovascular, and other irritants. This can affect the distribution of oxygen to the body tissues. Forward leaning and PLB exercises can help maximize breathing thereby improving tissue oxygen distribution. Objective: To determine the differences in oxygen saturation of adult smokers before and after practice forward leaning and pursed lips breathing.Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental method with two group pre-post test design. The research subjects were 20 male respondents, the place of implementation at the Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang. Research procedures included CKD and PLB exercises in the respondent group.Results: Analysis using the Wilcoxon test obtained significant results, with p values <0.05 on acute and chronic effects after CKD and PLB exercises were performed on 20 respondents Conclusion: A significant result in the oxygen saturation value of the group with PLB and CKD treatment with the PLB group before and after exercise on acute and chronic effects in adult smoker

Kualitas Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) Fisika Berbasis Strategi ARIAS (Assurance, Relevance, Interst, Assessment Dan Satifaction) Pada Materi Pengukuran SMA Barrang Lompo

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui kualitas Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) Fisika Berbasis Strategi ARIAS (Assurance, Relevance, Interest, Assessment dan Satisfaction) pada Materi Pengukuran. Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukkan bahwa rara-rata skor hasil belajar fisika peserta didik yang diajar dengan penerapan strategi pembelajaran berorientasi aktivitas siswa (PBAS) adalah 20,96 dan standar deviasinya 4,07. Berdasarkan persentase ketuntasan hasil belajar peserta didik menunjukkan bahwa ada 81% peserta didik atau 21 peserta didik berada dalam  kategori tuntas atau mencapai KKM secara klasikal. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut di atas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil belajar fisika peserta didik kelas VIII1 SMP Negeri 26 Makassar mengalami peningkatan dan telah mencapai kreteria ketuntasan minimal (KKM) secara klasikal.Kata kunci: RPP, Strategi ARIAS (Assurance, Relevance, Interst, Assessment dan Satifaction), Pengukuran.Thisis adescriptive research ai medtode termine the (1) quality of Learning Implementation Plan (RPP) Physics-Based Strategy ARIAS(Assurance, Relevance, Interest, Assessment and Satisfaction) on Material Measurement. Descriptive analysis showed that the average score srara physics learning out comes of students who are taught byt he application ofactivity-oriented learning strategies students (PBAS) was 20.96 and the standard deviation is 4.07. Based on the percentage of completeness learning outcomes of students indicate that there are 81% of students or 21 students are in the category of complete orachieve the classical KKM. Based on the results mentioned above, it can be concluded that the results of learning physics class students of SMP Negeri 26 Makassar VIII1 increasing and has reacheda minimum complete nesscriteria (KKM) in the classical style.Key words: RPP, Strategy ARIAS (Assurance, Relevance, interst, Assessment and Satifaction), Measurement

Kualitas Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) Fisika Berbasis Strategi ARIAS (Assurance, Relevance, Interst, Assessment Dan Satifaction) Pada Materi Pengukuran SMA Barrang Lompo

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui kualitas Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) Fisika Berbasis Strategi ARIAS (Assurance, Relevance, Interest, Assessment dan Satisfaction) pada Materi Pengukuran. Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukkan bahwa rara-rata skor hasil belajar fisika peserta didik yang diajar dengan penerapan strategi pembelajaran berorientasi aktivitas siswa (PBAS) adalah 20,96 dan standar deviasinya 4,07. Berdasarkan persentase ketuntasan hasil belajar peserta didik menunjukkan bahwa ada 81% peserta didik atau 21 peserta didik berada dalam kategori tuntas atau mencapai KKM secara klasikal. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut di atas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil belajar fisika peserta didik kelas VIII1 SMP Negeri 26 Makassar mengalami peningkatan dan telah mencapai kreteria ketuntasan minimal (KKM) secara klasikal

LKB1 Destabilizes Microtubules in Myoblasts and Contributes to Myoblast Differentiation

Background: Skeletal muscle myoblast differentiation and fusion into multinucleate myotubes is associated with dramatic cytoskeletal changes. We find that microtubules in differentiated myotubes are highly stabilized, but premature microtubule stabilization blocks differentiation. Factors responsible for microtubule destabilization in myoblasts have not been identified. Findings: We find that a transient decrease in microtubule stabilization early during myoblast differentiation precedes the ultimate microtubule stabilization seen in differentiated myotubes. We report a role for the serine-threonine kinase LKB1 in both microtubule destabilization and myoblast differentiation. LKB1 overexpression reduced microtubule elongation in a Nocodazole washout assay, and LKB1 RNAi increased it, showing LKB1 destabilizes microtubule assembly in myoblasts. LKB1 levels and activity increased during myoblast differentiation, along with activation of the known LKB1 substrates AMPactivated protein kinase (AMPK) and microtubule affinity regulating kinases (MARKs). LKB1 overexpression accelerated differentiation, whereas RNAi impaired it. Conclusions: Reduced microtubule stability precedes myoblast differentiation and the associated ultimate microtubule stabilization seen in myotubes. LKB1 plays a positive role in microtubule destabilization in myoblasts and in myoblast differentiation. This work suggests a model by which LKB1-induced microtubule destabilization facilitates the cytoskeleta

Global variation in anastomosis and end colostomy formation following left-sided colorectal resection

Background End colostomy rates following colorectal resection vary across institutions in high-income settings, being influenced by patient, disease, surgeon and system factors. This study aimed to assess global variation in end colostomy rates after left-sided colorectal resection. Methods This study comprised an analysis of GlobalSurg-1 and -2 international, prospective, observational cohort studies (2014, 2016), including consecutive adult patients undergoing elective or emergency left-sided colorectal resection within discrete 2-week windows. Countries were grouped into high-, middle- and low-income tertiles according to the United Nations Human Development Index (HDI). Factors associated with colostomy formation versus primary anastomosis were explored using a multilevel, multivariable logistic regression model. Results In total, 1635 patients from 242 hospitals in 57 countries undergoing left-sided colorectal resection were included: 113 (6·9 per cent) from low-HDI, 254 (15·5 per cent) from middle-HDI and 1268 (77·6 per cent) from high-HDI countries. There was a higher proportion of patients with perforated disease (57·5, 40·9 and 35·4 per cent; P < 0·001) and subsequent use of end colostomy (52·2, 24·8 and 18·9 per cent; P < 0·001) in low- compared with middle- and high-HDI settings. The association with colostomy use in low-HDI settings persisted (odds ratio (OR) 3·20, 95 per cent c.i. 1·35 to 7·57; P = 0·008) after risk adjustment for malignant disease (OR 2·34, 1·65 to 3·32; P < 0·001), emergency surgery (OR 4·08, 2·73 to 6·10; P < 0·001), time to operation at least 48 h (OR 1·99, 1·28 to 3·09; P = 0·002) and disease perforation (OR 4·00, 2·81 to 5·69; P < 0·001). Conclusion Global differences existed in the proportion of patients receiving end stomas after left-sided colorectal resection based on income, which went beyond case mix alone

Emerging One Health Preparedness to Combat National Burden of Diseases in Pakistan: A Comprehensive Insight

In order to integrate and enhance the health of people, animals, and the environment, a multidisciplinary &ldquo;One Health&rdquo; concept has been coined. However, developing countries have frequently lagged in embracing this innovative vision. Pakistan&rsquo;s ecology, human health, and animal health have all been severely jeopardized due to a lack of resources. Human health is significantly impacted by the spread and comeback of zoonotic illnesses, especially for people who live in rural regions and frequently interact with domestic or wild animals. More than 75% of zoonotic diseases were transmitted contiguously from animals to humans or indirectly through interactions among agents or vectors (including both humans and other animals). This review article gives critical insights into the most common zoonotic diseases found in Pakistan in addition to underlining the importance of the &ldquo;One Health&rdquo; philosophy in the management of these illnesses. Interdisciplinary research efforts are required given the current circumstances in order to politicize sustainable solutions for decreasing the disease burden in human and animal populations simultaneously

A cross sectional study on the levels of knowledge, attitude and preventive practices of hypertension among residents aged 18 years and above in Kampung Baru Ixora, Sarikei

Hypertension is a highly prevalent non-communicable disease which is controllable through risk factor modification and anti-hypertensive medication. It remained a public health problem due to lack of awareness of individuals to modify risk factors and live a healthy lifestyle. The objective of this study was to study the level of knowledge, attitude and preventive practices of hypertension among residents aged 18 years and above in Kampung Baru Nora, Sarikei from 26`x' June 2006 to I5` September 2006. The level of knowledge, attitude and preventive practices were assessed in relation to their age, gender, education level, household income, status of being diagnosed with hypertension and family history of hypertension. A cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample population of 101 respondents chosen by simple random sampling method. Interview-guided questionnaire was conducted and data entry and analysis were done using SPSS version 13 software. The results showed that 52.5% of the respondents had adequate knowledge, 57.4% had positive attitude and 61.4% of them had good preventive practices of hypertension. Analysis revealed that there was a significant association between the level of knowledge with education level and family history of hypertension (Mann-Whitney test, p< 0.05). For the attitude, there was a significant difference between the level of attitude and education level (Mann-Whitney test, p< 0.05). As for the preventive practices, there was a significant difference in proportion of its level in the different age group (x2df==2=9.567p,< 0.05). Significant difference was also found between the level of preventive practices and status of being diagnosed with hypertension (Mann-Whitney test, p< 0.05). Moreover, significant relationships were found between the level of knowledge and attitude (Spearman's rho= 0.309, p< 0.05) and between the level of attitude and the level of preventive practices (Spearmen's rho= 0.258, p< 0.05). Furthermore, the level of knowledge and preventive practices had a significant difference in proportions (x`dFi = 5.760, p< 0.05). The results were comparable to study by Muntner et al. (2004) which stated that there was a significant relationship between the education level and the level of knowledge, and 50.2% respondents who were aware of their hypertension modified their lifestyle. The education level had an influence on the level of knowledge and attitude while the level of preventive practices was influenced by age group. It is recommended that the respondents need further health education to increase their level of knowledge, attitude towards risk factor modification and sports activities to increase their level of preventive practices. Further studies on knowledge, attitude and practices of hypertension should be done