Source of Cadmium (Cd) In Soils and Its Transfer to Rice and Vegetables: Karotia Union, Tangail

Cadmium is a trace element which is not essential for human being. High cadmium concentration in some rice samples in Bangladesh was reported than that of other countries. This study was carried out to find out the Cd concentration fertilizers, soils, rice and vegetables and along with other chemical properties of Karotia union, Tangail sadar upazila, Tangail. A total of 29 samples were collected among the 14 soils from 7 stations at 0-15 cm and 16-30 cm depth respectively, 5 vegetables, 5 rice and also 4 different countries TSP fertilizers from local market. The Cd concentration values of all soil samples were found between 0.97 to 1.73 mg/kg (0-15 cm) and 0.53 to 0.83 mg/kg (16-30 cm), respectively and the vegetable sample values were found between 0.053 mg/kg to 0.123 mg/kg (d.w.).The rice sample values were found between 0.05 mg/kg to 0.096 mg/kg (d.w.). The fertilizer sample values were found between 20.67 to 92.33 mg/kg. The soil pH values obtained 7.06 to 7.70 (0-15 cm) and 7.48 to 7.88 (16-30 cm) which indicated that the study area soils were neutral to moderately alkaline. The EC values of all soil samples were between 47.67 to 82.67dSm-1 (0-15cm) and 33.33 to 58.33dSm-1 (16-30 cm). The organic matter content of all soils ranged from 0.789 to 0.905% and 0.351 to 0.869% at (0-15 cm and 16-30 cm), respectively. The available sodium (Na) values of soils were found between 1.84 to 1.92 ppm (0-15 cm) and 1.83 to 1.90 ppm (16-30 cm), respectively. The available potassium values ranged from 1.81 to 1.96 ppm (0-15 cm) and 1.84 to 1.97 ppm (16-30cm), respectively. The available calcium values of all soil samples were 1.92 to 1.97 ppm (0-15 cm) and 1.91 to 1.96 ppm (16-30 cm), respectively.  

Optimization of Time and Saving Water, Energy through Using Regulator with Hydrogen Peroxide in Exhaust Bleaching Process

On this investigation so as to optimize time, water and energy of exhaust bleaching procedure one test turned into accomplished by using modern bleaching regulator Imerol® Blue liquid (mixture of carboxylic acid salts and ethoxylated fatty alcohols) with caustic soda, H2O2 (50%), Bactosol AP (peroxide killer), Acetic acid whilst others become conducted the use of classical wetting agent Imerol (PCLF), sequestering agent (EDTA), stabilizer (NaSi03), caustic soda, H2O2 (35%). In this take a look at demonstrated that (a) Applied the bleaching regulator at 110°C decreased the bleaching time 15 min that accelerated productiveness in comparison to classical bleaching agent. (b) While Bleaching achieved with Imerol® Blue liquid absorbency of cotton knit material changed into stepped forward rather than classical bleaching process. (c) Modern bleaching method decreased weight loss percentage of cotton knit material as compared with classical method. (d) Whilst bleaching regulator Imerol® Blue liquid implemented on cotton knit cloth no rinsing became wished that’s leads the minimization of bleaching time and water with in comparison to classical bleaching. For the outcome effluent volumes decreased that gives benefit on the surroundings and ecology. (e) Bleach regulator Imerol® Blue liquid allows to consume caustic soda at neutral pH in knit cloth as evaluation with classical bleaching. For the result neutralization with acid turned into prevented in modern bleaching technique. (f) For the bleach regulator, wetting, sequestering trait of imerol® Blue liquid no longer simplest leads the minimization of energy, alkaline quantity, degradation of cellulose in method but also advanced degree of whiteness, uniformity and improved dye-potential

Impact of COVID-19 in social, physical and functional quality of life among reproductive female patients

Background: Those who recovered from the COVID-19, suffers various health-related as well as mental problems. To measure a person's disease impact, disability, and mental condition, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is used. The aim of this study was to assess the state of health-related quality of life of women of reproductive age after recovery from COVID-19. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Reproductive and Child Health, National Institutes of Public Health and Social Medicine in Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh, during the period from January to December 2020. Total 202 women of reproductive age who were recovered from COVID-19 were included in this study. Results: In this study, majority of the women (46%) were within 36-50 years and majority (20.8%) had bronchial asthma. Most of the respondents suffering from COVID-19 from 15 days to 3 months (43.6%). In a study, the average HRQOL score among respondents was 66.01 (±11.81), with physical well-being scoring highest (19.89±4.41) and functional well-being lowest (14.44 ±4.19). Age-wise, respondents aged 15-25 scored highest in various health domains. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in Fact-G scores across age groups, with 15-25-year-olds scoring highest, indicating a notable age-related variation in health quality. Conclusions: Findings of the study shows that fifteen to twenty-five years’ age of women’s HRQOL was higher than other groups. Educated women have better HRQOL score. Physical wellbeing was higher than other domains and functional wellbeing was lower than other domains. Elderly women who had comorbidities had lower HRQOL score

A multi-centre randomized controlled trial comparing arthroscopic osteochondroplasty and lavage with arthroscopic lavage alone on patient important outcomes and quality of life in the treatment of young adult (18-50) Femoroacetabular impingement

Background: Several cross-sectional studies have estimated that the prevalence of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) ranges from 14-17% among asymptomatic young adults to almost 95% among competitive athletes. With FAI, there is abnormal contact between the proximal femur and the acetabulum, resulting in abnormal mechanics with terminal motion such as hip flexion and rotation. This condition results from bony anomalies of the acetabular rim (Pincer) and or femoral head/neck junction (CAM) and typically causes hip pain and decreased hip function. The development of hip pain potentially serves as an indicator for early cartilage and labral damage that may result in hip osteoarthritis. Although surgical correction of the misshaped bony anatomy and associated intra-articular soft tissue damage of the hip is thought to improve hip pain and alter the natural history of degenerative disease, the supportive evidence is based upon low quality observational studies. The Femoroacetabular Impingement RandomiSed controlled Trial (FIRST) compares outcomes following surgical correction of the impingement morphology (arthroscopic osteochondroplasty) with/without labral repair versus arthroscopic lavage of the hip joint in adults aged 18 to 50 diagnosed with FAI. Methods and design: FIRST is a multi-centre, randomized controlled trial with a sample size of 220 patients. Exclusion criteria include the presence of hip syndromes, previous surgery or trauma to the affected hip, and significant medical comorbidities. The primary outcome is pain and the secondary outcomes include patient function, quality of life, complications, and cost-effectiveness - all within one year of follow-up. Patients are stratified based on centre and impingement sub-type. Patients, outcome assessors, data analysts, and the Steering Committee are blinded to surgical allocation. Using an intention-to-treat approach, outcome analyses will be performed using an analysis of covariance and descriptive statistics. Discussion: Symptomatic FAI is associated with chronic hip pain, functional limitations, and secondary osteoarthritis. Therefore, optimizing treatment has the potential to improve the lives millions of young, active persons who are diagnosed with this condition. Few orthopaedic surgical trials have similar potential to shift the paradigm of care dramatically towards (or away) from surgical bony and soft tissue interventions.Peer reviewe

Tropical tree growth driven by dry-season climate variability

Interannual variability in the global land carbon sink is strongly related to variations in tropical temperature and rainfall. This association suggests an important role for moisture-driven fluctuations in tropical vegetation productivity, but empirical evidence to quantify the responsible ecological processes is missing. Such evidence can be obtained from tree-ring data that quantify variability in a major vegetation productivity component: woody biomass growth. Here we compile a pantropical tree-ring network to show that annual woody biomass growth increases primarily with dry-season precipitation and decreases with dry-season maximum temperature. The strength of these dry-season climate responses varies among sites, as reflected in four robust and distinct climate response groups of tropical tree growth derived from clustering. Using cluster and regression analyses, we find that dry-season climate responses are amplified in regions that are drier, hotter and more climatically variable. These amplification patterns suggest that projected global warming will probably aggravate drought-induced declines in annual tropical vegetation productivity. Our study reveals a previously underappreciated role of dry-season climate variability in driving the dynamics of tropical vegetation productivity and consequently in influencing the land carbon sink.We acknowledge financial support to the co-authors provided by Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica, Argentina (PICT 2014-2797) to M.E.F.; Alberta Mennega Stichting to P.G.; BBVA Foundation to H.A.M. and J.J.C.; Belspo BRAIN project: BR/143/A3/HERBAXYLAREDD to H.B.; Confederação da Agricultura e Pecuária do Brasil - CNA to C.F.; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES, Brazil (PDSE 15011/13-5 to M.A.P.; 88881.135931/2016-01 to C.F.; 88887.199858/2018-00 to G.A.-P.; Finance Code 001 for all Brazilian collaborators); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq, Brazil (ENV 42 to O.D.; 1009/4785031-2 to G.C.; 311874/2017-7 to J.S.); CONACYT-CB-2016-283134 to J.V.-D.; CONICET to F.A.R.; CUOMO FOUNDATION (IPCC scholarship) to M.M.; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft - DFG (BR 1895/15-1 to A.B.; BR 1895/23-1 to A.B.; BR 1895/29-1 to A.B.; BR 1895/24-1 to M.M.); DGD-RMCA PilotMAB to B.T.; Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico of the UNAM (Mexico) to R.B.; Elsa-Neumann-Scholarship of the Federal State of Berlin to F.S.; EMBRAPA Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation to C.F.; Equatorian Dirección de Investigación UNL (21-DI-FARNR-2019) to D.P.-C.; São Paulo Research Foundation FAPESP (2009/53951-7 to M.T.-F.; 2012/50457-4 to G.C.; 2018/01847‐0 to P.G.; 2018/24514-7 to J.R.V.A.; 2019/08783-0 to G.M.L.; 2019/27110-7 to C.F.); FAPESP-NERC 18/50080-4 to G.C.; FAPITEC/SE/FUNTEC no. 01/2011 to M.A.P.; Fulbright Fellowship to B.J.E.; German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) to M.I. and M.R.; German Ministry of Education, Science, Research, and Technology (FRG 0339638) to O.D.; ICRAF through the Forests, Trees, and Agroforestry research programme of the CGIAR to M.M.; Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI-SGP-CRA 2047) to J.V.-D.; International Foundation for Science (D/5466-1) to M.I.; Lamont Climate Center to B.M.B.; Miquelfonds to P.G.; National Geographic Global Exploration Fund (GEFNE80-13) to I.R.; USA’s National Science Foundation NSF (IBN-9801287 to A.J.L.; GER 9553623 and a postdoctoral fellowship to B.J.E.); NSF P2C2 (AGS-1501321) to A.C.B., D.G.-S. and G.A.-P.; NSF-FAPESP PIRE 2017/50085-3 to M.T.-F., G.C. and G.M.L.; NUFFIC-NICHE programme (HEART project) to B.K., E.M., J.H.S., J.N. and R. Vinya; Peru ‘s CONCYTEC and World Bank (043-2019-FONDECYT-BM-INC.INV.) to J.G.I.; Peru’s Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico, Tecnológico y de Innovación Tecnológica (FONDECYT-BM-INC.INV 039-2019) to E.J.R.-R. and M.E.F.; Programa Bosques Andinos - HELVETAS Swiss Intercooperation to M.E.F.; Programa Nacional de Becas y Crédito Educativo - PRONABEC to J.G.I.; Schlumberger Foundation Faculty for the Future to J.N.; Sigma Xi to A.J.L.; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute to R. Alfaro-Sánchez.; Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs AECID (11-CAP2-1730) to H.A.M. and J.J.C.; UK NERC grant NE/K01353X/1 to E.G.Peer reviewe

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

GENETIC VARIABILITY AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF YARD LONG BEAN (Vigna unguiculata var. sesquipedalis L.)

Dugački grah (Vigna unguiculata var. sesquipedalis L.) jedna je od važnih mahunarki u Bangladešu. Međutim, prinos ovog povrća je mnogo niži u Bangladešu u usporedbi s drugim zemljama gdje se uzgaja ovo povrće. Stoga je bitno poboljšati prinos ovog povrća. U ovom radu procjenjivani su genetska varijabilnost, heritabilnost, karakterna povezanost i genetska raznolikost na slučajnom blok dizajnu. Genotipovi su značajno varirali u proučavanim značajkama. Visoki genotipski i fenotipski koeficijent varijacije proučavani su na broju mahuna po biljci i prinosu mahuna po biljci. U vezi s time primijećena je visoka heritabilnost i visoko genetsko poboljšanje u postotnom prosjeku u broju mahuna po biljci, promjeru mahune i težini sto sjemenki. Proučavanje korelacije otkrilo je da je prinos mahune po biljci pokazao značajnu pozitivnu korelaciju s brojem sjemenki po mahuni i brojem mahuna po biljci dok je korelacija s danima do berbe za tržište bila značajno negativna na genotipskoj i fenotipskoj razini. Analiza je otkrila da su dani do cvjetanja, dani do dozrijevanja, broj mahuna po biljci, težina mahune i broj sjemenki po mahuni imali izravno pozitivno djelovanje na prinos mahune po biljci. Proučavani genotipovi svrstani su u tri skupine s najvećom udaljenosti između klastera I i III dok je najniža bila između klastera II i III. Genotipovi klastera I pokazali su višu prosječnu performancu a nižu u klasteru III za važnije značajke uključujući prinos mahune po biljci.Yard long bean (Vigna unguiculata var. sesquipedalis L.) is one of the important leguminous vegetables in Bangladesh. However, yield of this vegetable is much lower in Bangladesh compared to other yard long beangrowing countries. Therefore, it is crucial to improve the yield of this vegetable. In the present study, genetic variability, heritability, character association and genetic diversity were evaluated on randomized complete block design with three replications among seven-yard-long bean genotypes. The genotypes were significantly variable for the studied characters. High genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation was observed in number of pods per plant and pod yield per plant. Accordingly, high heritability together with high genetic advance in percent of mean was observed in number of pod per plant, pod diameter and hundred seed weight. The correlation studies revealed that pod yield per plant showed significant positive correlation with number of seed per pod, number of pods per plant while significantly negative correlation with days to marketable harvest at both genotypic and phenotypic level. Path analysis revealed days to first flowering, days to maturity, number of pods per plant, pod weight and number of seeds per pod had direct positive effect on pod yield per plant. The studied genotypes were clustered into 3 groups with highest of inter-cluster distance between cluster I and III while lowest between cluster II and III. The genotypes of cluster I exhibited higher mean performance while lower in cluster III for important traits including pod yield per plant

Two isomeric compounds from Streptomyces species and their antimicrobial activity

he chloroform extract of the culture filtrate of an isolated Streptomyces species upon chromatographic analysis had lead to the isolation of two isomeric compounds (I and II). The structure of the compounds was considered to be Stretomysone A (I) and Streptomysone B (II) by its spectral data. Both the compounds showed significant antimicrobial activity against tested pathogenic bacteria and fungus. The compounds seem to be first report of isomeric compound from Streptomyces species having antimicrobial activity