English spelling reforms and proposals in Early Modern English (1550-1650) with special reference to Richard Mulcaster’s "Elementary"

Traballo Fin de Grao en Lingua e Literatura Inglesas. Curso 2018-2019I intend to study the attemps to reform English spelling in Early Modern English (1550-1650) along with the debates and proposals of the main spelling reformers in this period with special reference to Richard Mulcaster's "Elementary" (1582) which is considered to be "the major study of English ortography" (Lass 1999:32) "the first cosistent attempt to codify and promulgate datailed rules for normalising and regulazing traditional English spelling" (Lass 1999:20). I also intend to provide a historical background of English spelling in Middle English period especially in the late Middle English and enphazise the impact of the printig and the William Catxton's role in a time in which "there was no generally recognised standard form of English scpeech, and only the beginnings of a standard ortography" (Lass 1999:15) to understand the situation of English ortography in Early Middle English Period. In so doing, some key notes will be shown to desing the status of English in a daily linguistic contact environment in which Latin and French continued to be the dominat languages in the fields of knowledge having an important imprint on English spelling. The method of anlysis will focus on the contrast of the main debates and proposals for the reform the spelling in the period covered by this research with special reference to "Elementary" so as to appraise its impact on the subsequent development of the English ortographic syste

El joc com a eina educativa

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External validation of the GrazeIn model of pasture dry matter intake and milk yield prediction for cows managed at different calving dates and stocking rates

The aim was to evaluate the prediction accuracy of pasture dry matter intake (PDMI) and milk yield (MY) predicted by the GrazeIn model using a database representing 124 PDMI measurements at paddock level and 2232 MY measurements at cow level. External validation of the model was conducted using data collected from a trial carried out with Holstein-Friesian cows (n=72) while grazed 28 paddocks and were managed in a 2×2 factorial design by considering two calving dates (CD), with different number of days in milk (DIM), early (E, 29 DIM) vs. middle (M, 167 DIM), and two stocking rates (SR), medium (M, 3.9 cows ha-1) vs. high (H, 4.8 cows ha-1), under a rotational grazing system. Cows were randomly assigned to four grazing scenarios (EM, EH, MM and MH). The mean observed PDMI of the total database was 14.2 kg DM cow-1 day-1 while GrazeIn predicted a mean PDMI for the database of 13.8 kg DM cow-1 day-1. The mean bias was −0.4 kg DM cow-1 day-1. GrazeIn predicted PDMI for the total database with a relative prediction error (RPE) of 10.0% at paddock level. The mean observed MY of the database was 23.2 kg cow-1 day-1 while GrazeIn predicted a MY for the database of 23.1 kg cow-1 day-1. The mean bias was –0.1 kg cow-1 day-1. GrazeIn predicted MY for the total database with a mean RPE of 17.3% at cow level. For the scenarios investigated, GrazeIn predicted PDMI and MY with a low level of error which made it a suitable tool for decision support systemsINIA (project RTA2005-00204-00 and the complementary PhD fellowship granted to AIRF for her stay at the INRA-St. Gilles, Rennes, where the experimental database collected at the CIAM was evaluated using GrazeIn)S

Antioxidant activity of alkyl gallates and glycosyl alkyl gallates in fish oil in water emulsions: Relevance of their surface active properties and of the type of emulsifier

The antioxidant activity of gallic acid and a series of alkyl gallates (C4-C18) and glycosylated alkyl gallates (C4-C18) on fish oil-in-water emulsions was studied. Three types of emulsifiers, lecithin, Tween-20 and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) were tested. A nonlinear behavior of the antioxidant activity of alkyl gallates when increasing alkyl chain length was observed for emulsions prepared with lecithin. Medium-size alkyl gallates (C6-C12) were the best antioxidants. In contrast, for emulsions prepared with Tween-20, the antioxidants seem to follow the polar paradox. Glucosyl alkyl gallates were shown previously to be better surfactants than alkyl gallates. Nevertheless, they exhibited a worse antioxidant capacity than their corresponding alkyl gallates, in emulsions prepared with lecithin or Tween-20, indicating the greater relevance of having three OH groups at the polar head in comparison with having improved surfactant properties but just a di-ortho phenolic structure in the antioxidant

GESTIÓN DEL AGUA POTABLE EN TLAXCALA Y ACCIONES PARA LA SUSTENTABILIDAD

La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), considera que para el uso personal y doméstico, que comprende el consumo, saneamiento, lavado de ropa, preparación de alimentos e higiene personal y doméstica; se requieren al menos entre 50 y 100 litros de agua por persona al día (ONU, 2015); por los 7,347 millones de personas que habitaron el mundo en el año 2015 (Banco Mundial, 2015), se habrían necesitado proveer de 268 km3 de agua potable, esto es tan solo el 0.2% del agua contenida en lagos, ríos, humedad en suelo y aire, plantas y animales. El servicio de agua potable es uno de los menos reconocidos por la población cuando se tiene, pero también los de mayor penuria cuando escasea. De aquí la importancia del presente trabajo que tiene por objetivo conocer la problemática que presenta la actual gestión del agua potable en el Municipio de Tlaxcala, capital del Estado de Tlaxcala, México; por lo que requiere de un diagnóstico minucioso y actualizado en lo referente a la operación técnica, comercial y financiera del agua potable y alcantarillado en el Municipio, tanto en los Comités de agua de las comunidades, como en la comisión de agua potable y alcantarillado de Tlaxcala (CAPAM). El servicio de agua potable se desenvuelve en un contexto institucional, normado por leyes y reglamentos, mismas que pueden y debieran ser reformadas con una visión social pero sustentable económica y ecológicamente, que permita y promueva el desarrollo de los organismos operadores si y solo si, es en beneficio de los propios usuarios. Para avanzar hacia la sustentabilidad, se identifican 3 líneas que requieren abordajes multidisciplinarios: Reformas al Marco Jurídico Institucional, optimización de la operación física, nueva gestión comercial y administrativa financiera

La desregulación financiera y su efecto en la economía colombiana

La desregulación financiera según las teorías modernas es el camino al crecimiento económico de las naciones y el mundo, por ello desde la década de los 70 se viene aplicando en economías que se revelan en rezago del resto del mundo, empero esta liberalización también trae consigo avatares como la formación de burbujas especulativas, entrada de capitales dudosos al mediante el lavado, concentración del riesgo, exposición del sistema financiero a las crisis financieras y por consiguiente el deterioro de variables macroeconómicas como la tasa de cambio, devaluación y volatilidad accionaria alta entre otras. Para este esquema financiero el cliché es la formación de burbujas y la gruesa liquidez producto de la fácil entrada de capitales trasnacionales.Incluye anexos, bibliografí

La inteligencia emocional en los estudiantes a nivel superior.

En el presente trabajo hemos estudiado y analizado cualitativamente la inteligencia emocional en Estudiantes a nivel superior, con el fin de demostrar que es un elemento que necesitamos valorar, enseñar y reforzar dentro del aspecto educativo de tal que pueda ser organizada para desarrollarse de una manera concatenada y por etapas o ciclos. Nos proponemos en este trabajo dejar evidencias de la necesidad de este estudio holístico de la Inteligencia Emocional y muy particularmente el que' le corresponde a la Educación; es decir el papel que juega la docencia en la creación, desarrollo y establecimiento de la Inteligencia emocional

School Bullying in Compulsory and Advanced Secondary Education. Determining Factors in its Intervention

Background: School bullying is a problem that has been considered from various different perspectives in the academic literature. The present work seeks to increase knowledge on the influence of the climate established at the school in order to determine if contextual factors can be used as a reference from which to plan interventions directed towards prevention. Methods: An ad hoc validated questionnaire was administered to 554 pupils in secondary education (compulsory and A Level) who were aged between 12 and 18 years. Results: Descriptive bivariate analysis showed the quality of the relationship established by the individual with their environment to be a key indicator of their susceptibility to school bullying. In the same way, acceptance in school is a protective factor against victimization. Conclusions: The most effective interventions are those which focus on the center of education and involve all of the educational community, taking a transversal approach that transforms the cultural system within which students develop