Basic Trends of Studying Aging in Global Sociology

The given paper presents the comparative analysis of 94 reports which were announced at the XVIII World Congress of Sociology held in Yokohama, Japan in July, 2014. All reports considered the questions of aging, subjective well-being of older people, economic aspects of population aging and other questions concerning this area. The aim of the paper is to define the main tendencies in studying aging questions that interest the world sociology under the growth of life expectancy, population aging, i.e. increasing cohort of older people in relation to youth and those in midlife in the structure of population, taking into account the current economic crisis and cutting budgets income basis. The results are grouped according to the following criteria with their detailed characteristics: 1) the level of social and economic development of the societies which have become the objects of research: welfare states, developing countries and undeveloped countries; 2) the cultural peculiarities. Due to the analysis in different countries the close traditional attitude to the perceiving the aging, the intergenerational relations give more common ground to the scope of research, as for Japan and China than for Japan and the European countries in terms of the level of social welfare; 3) the scope of studies

Calibration Interval Adjustment of a Measuring Instrument in Industries During Long-term Use

Calibration interval adjustment of measuring instruments is one of the urgent tasks in industries. The article represents the calibration interval calculation of the potentiometer PCB-4P according to the verifications for the 4 year period of the Metrological Department in the aviation plant. The calibration interval is shown to be increased according to the calculation of its reliability and stability of metrological characteristics

DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH CANDIES WITH INCREASED BIOLOGICAL VALUE WITH PROTEIN-FAT COMPOSITE

The composition of "truffle" cream candies enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids of ω-3 group, sesamol and tocopherols antioxidants and plant proteins in the digestible form was developed. Cream candies contain a protein-fat composite based on flax, sesame and sunflower seeds. These products can be used both in everyday and in special nutrition of athletes, soldiers, heavy manual workers, children and young people. It was determined that the oxidative stability of the model creamy candy mass increased with the concentration of protein-fat composite in it. The positive effect of the plant supplement on taste, aroma and "mouth-feeling" sensation parameters was proved by the obtained profilogram of organoleptic quality control parameters of experimental samples of candy masses with different content of protein-fat composite. Thus, it was established that the protein-fat composite in the composition of sweets improved its organoleptic and physicochemical quality control parameters, and also increased shelf life. The development allows to increase the consumer evaluation of the quality of "truffle" cream candies and, accordingly, their competitiveness

ARIA-EAACI statement on asthma and COVID-19 (June 2, 2020)

Non peer reviewe

Cabbage and fermented vegetables : From death rate heterogeneity in countries to candidates for mitigation strategies of severe COVID-19

Large differences in COVID-19 death rates exist between countries and between regions of the same country. Some very low death rate countries such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, or the Balkans have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods. Although biases exist when examining ecological studies, fermented vegetables or cabbage have been associated with low death rates in European countries. SARS-CoV-2 binds to its receptor, the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). As a result of SARS-CoV-2 binding, ACE2 downregulation enhances the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT(1)R) axis associated with oxidative stress. This leads to insulin resistance as well as lung and endothelial damage, two severe outcomes of COVID-19. The nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) is the most potent antioxidant in humans and can block in particular the AT(1)R axis. Cabbage contains precursors of sulforaphane, the most active natural activator of Nrf2. Fermented vegetables contain many lactobacilli, which are also potent Nrf2 activators. Three examples are: kimchi in Korea, westernized foods, and the slum paradox. It is proposed that fermented cabbage is a proof-of-concept of dietary manipulations that may enhance Nrf2-associated antioxidant effects, helpful in mitigating COVID-19 severity.Peer reviewe

Nrf2-interacting nutrients and COVID-19 : time for research to develop adaptation strategies

There are large between- and within-country variations in COVID-19 death rates. Some very low death rate settings such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, the Balkans and Africa have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods whose intake is associated with the activation of the Nrf2 (Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) anti-oxidant transcription factor. There are many Nrf2-interacting nutrients (berberine, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, quercetin, resveratrol, sulforaphane) that all act similarly to reduce insulin resistance, endothelial damage, lung injury and cytokine storm. They also act on the same mechanisms (mTOR: Mammalian target of rapamycin, PPAR gamma:Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, NF kappa B: Nuclear factor kappa B, ERK: Extracellular signal-regulated kinases and eIF2 alpha:Elongation initiation factor 2 alpha). They may as a result be important in mitigating the severity of COVID-19, acting through the endoplasmic reticulum stress or ACE-Angiotensin-II-AT(1)R axis (AT(1)R) pathway. Many Nrf2-interacting nutrients are also interacting with TRPA1 and/or TRPV1. Interestingly, geographical areas with very low COVID-19 mortality are those with the lowest prevalence of obesity (Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia). It is tempting to propose that Nrf2-interacting foods and nutrients can re-balance insulin resistance and have a significant effect on COVID-19 severity. It is therefore possible that the intake of these foods may restore an optimal natural balance for the Nrf2 pathway and may be of interest in the mitigation of COVID-19 severity

Studying of the resistance to winter stresses of grapevine varieties of different ecological and geographical origin

In terms of climate change researches about adaptation mechanism of perennial crop plant to summer and winter stresses are actual. Physiological-biochemical assessment of grapevine varieties allows to clarify the mechanisms of protective and adaptive reaction on stresses and identify perspective genotypes for cultivation in stressful terms. Ecological and geographical origin are important in this case. Winterhardiness of following grapevine varieties: ‘Kristal’, ‘Aligote’, ‘Dostoyniy’ ‘Krasnostop AZOS’, ‘Zarif’ and ‘Vostorg’, are studied in conditions of Anapa-Taman region of the Russian Federation. At the beginning of winter reduced water content of vine tissue are noted for ‘Kristal’, ‘Krasnostop AZOS’ and ‘Dostoyniy’ (41,4-45,3 %). Also, for this varieties are found elevated accumulation of sucrose (2 times more) which means high resistance to low temperature. Intensification of antioxidative protective system’s functioning in response on stress are discovered for varieties ‘Kristal’, ‘Krasnostop AZOS’, ‘Dostoyniy’ and ‘Vostorg’. High containing of anthocyanins and chalcones in varieties ‘Kristal’, ‘Dostoyniy’, ‘Krasnostop AZOS’ and ascorbic acid in varieties ‘Krasnostop AZOS’, ‘Dostoyniy’ are revealed. According to generalized assessment of physiological-biochemical research results in conditions of climate change in Anapa-Taman region of Russia more winterhardiness were varieties ‘Krasnostop AZOS’, ‘Dostoyniy’, ‘Kristal’ than varieties ‘Aligote’, ‘Vostorg’, ‘Zarif’

Grapes adaptive resistance to summer stresses in the conditions of climate change

The purpose of this work is to study the grapes adaptive resistance to the summer stress factors by physiologo-biochemical parameters, to identify varieties adapted for cultivation in the Anapa-Taman region. The objects of research were following varieties: Krasnostop, Dostoynyi – euro-american origin; Vostorg – amur-american; Zarif – eastern-european; Aligote – western-european, Kristall– euro-amur-american. The grapes adaptive stability was achieved by maintaining a stable ratio of photosynthetic pigments in the leaves during the summer growing season, increasing the content of carotenoids, proline and abscisic acid. The lowest values of the chlorophyll/carotenoid ratio (2.47-2.69) were found in the Zarif variety, the maximum increase in the proline content (8.9 times larger) was observed in the Kristall variety. It is shown that the protective response induction is more expressed in the varieties Dostoynyi, Krasnostop, Crystal, and Vostorg and they proved to be more adaptive in comparison with the Aligote and Zarif varieties in the summer of 2020

Analysis of digital profile of the financial market: a methodological approach of Russian Central Bank

Currently the processes of digitalization have a strong impact on all spheres of society. Fundamental changes are observed in the economy due to digital expansion, implementing and usage of various modern technologies. The financial market as an essential part of the economy was the first thing that had to be digitalized. The Central Bank of the Russian Federation is actively engaged in the development of financial technologies in the financial market. Financial technologies can affect the availability of financial products and services, which in the future will contribute to sustainable development and increase the competitiveness of the entire financial sector. The Central Bank of the Russian Federation as a megaregulator monitors the financial market and currently a comprehensive system of relevant indicators is being formed. It is to assess the specifics of different profiles of the financial market, reflecting its most important characteristics, including the level of digitalization. It has been recognized to take a closer look at the description of such a concept as the digital profile of the financial market. To describe the entire financial market, we need comprehensive methodological approach that would reflect its characteristics. The research was conducted on the basis of studying the existing experience of analyzing the market of financial and technological services, its features, as well as methods and indicators for assessing the level of digitalization of the financial sector. The article proposed the concept of a digital profile of the financial market and developed a methodological approach for its analysis in order to implement the functions of the Central Bank of Russian Federation

Clicking 3′-Azidothymidine into Novel Potent Inhibitors of Human Immunodeficiency Virus

3′-Azidothymidine (AZT) was the first approved antiviral for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Reported efforts in clicking the 3′-azido group of AZT have not yielded 1,2,3-triazoles active against HIV or any other viruses. We report herein the first AZT-derived 1,2,3-triazoles with submicromolar potencies against HIV-1. The observed antiviral activities from the cytopathic effect (CPE) based assay were confirmed through a single replication cycle assay. Structure–activity-relationship (SAR) studies revealed two structural features key to antiviral activity: a bulky aromatic ring and the 1,5-substitution pattern on the triazole. Biochemical analysis of the corresponding triphosphates showed lower ATP-mediated nucleotide excision efficiency compared to AZT, which along with molecular modeling suggests a mechanism of preferred translocation of triazoles into the P-site of HIV reverse transcriptase (RT). This mechanism is corroborated with the observed reduction of fold resistance of the triazole analogue to an AZT-resistant HIV variant (9-fold compared to 56-fold with AZT)