Technical Note: VUV photodesorption rates from water ice in the 120-150 K temperature range - significance for Noctilucent Clouds

Laboratory studies have been carried out with the aim to improve our understanding of physicochemical processes which take place at the water ice/air interface initiated by solar irradiation with a wavelength of 121.6 nm. It was intended to mimic the processes of ice particles characteristic of Noctilucent Clouds (NLCs). The experimental set-up used includes a high-vacuum chamber, a gas handling system, a cryostat with temperature controller, an FTIR spectrometer, a vacuum ultraviolet hydrogen lamp, and a microwave generator. We report the first results of measurements of the absolute photodesorption rate (loss of substance due to the escape of photoproducts into gas phase) from thin (20–100 nm) water ice samples kept in the temperature range of 120–150 K. The obtained results show that a flow of photoproducts into the gas phase is considerably lower than presumed in the recent study by Murray and Plane (2005). The experiments indicate that almost all photoproducts remain in the solid phase, and the principal chemical reaction between them is the recombination reaction H + OH → H<sub>2</sub>O which is evidently very fast. This means that direct photolysis of mesospheric ice particles seems to have no significant impact on the gas phase chemistry of the upper mesosphere

Philosophical motives and spiritual imeratives of russian culture (the context of the axiology of creativity)

In the context of the ethical paradigm of spiritual education of young people, "inspired" by the moral philosophy of Russian culture, to substantiate a creative model in which tradition and innovation are combined, and the discursive field of which encompasses music, literature, and philosophy. Russian Russian traditional values are used to conceptualize the integral approach to the understanding and interpretation of the axiology of creativity, which is based on the dominance of Russian traditional values, and, first of all, substantiates the actual integration of "Russian leitmotives" into the modern multicultural environment.; secondly, the task is to increase the priorities in the Russian society and popularize the national spiritual and value imperatives that are important for the formation of a holistic cultural and historical worldview of the Russian youth, and to increase the level of their citizenship

Dormant non-culturable Mycobacterium tuberculosis retains stable low-abundant mRNA

BACKGROUND: Dormant Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli are believed to play an important role in latent tuberculosis infection. Previously, we have demonstrated that cultivation of M. tuberculosis in K(+)-deficient medium resulted in generation of dormant cells. These bacilli were non-culturable on solid media (a key feature of dormant M. tuberculosis in vivo) and characterized by low metabolism and tolerance to anti-tuberculosis drugs. The dormant bacteria demonstrated a high potential to reactivation after K(+) reintroduction even after prolonged persistence under rifampicin. In this work, we studied the transcriptome and stability of transcripts in persisting dormant bacilli under arrest of mRNA de novo synthesis. RESULTS: RNA-seq-based analysis of the dormant non-culturable population obtained under rifampicin exposure revealed a 30–50-fold decrease of the total mRNA level, indicating global transcriptional repression. However, the analysis of persisting transcripts displayed a cohort of mRNA molecules coding for biosynthetic enzymes, proteins involved in adaptation and repair processes, detoxification, and control of transcription initiation. This ‘dormant transcriptome’ demonstrated considerable stability during M. tuberculosis persistence and mRNA de novo synthesis arrest. On the contrary, several small non-coding RNAs showed increased abundance on dormancy. Interestingly, M. tuberculosis entry into dormancy was accompanied by the cleavage of 23S ribosomal RNA at a specific point located outside the ribosome catalytic center. CONCLUSIONS: Dormant non-culturable M. tuberculosis bacilli are characterized by a global transcriptional repression. At the same time, the dormant bacilli retain low-abundant mRNAs, which are considerably stable during in vitro persistence, reflecting their readiness for translation upon early resuscitation steps. Increased abundance of non-coding RNAs on dormancy may indicate their role in the entry into and maintenance of M. tuberculosis dormant non-culturable state. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-2197-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users

Improved prediction of MHC-peptide binding using protein language models

Major histocompatibility complex Class I (MHC-I) molecules bind to peptides derived from intracellular antigens and present them on the surface of cells, allowing the immune system (T cells) to detect them. Elucidating the process of this presentation is essential for regulation and potential manipulation of the cellular immune system. Predicting whether a given peptide binds to an MHC molecule is an important step in the above process and has motivated the introduction of many computational approaches to address this problem. NetMHCPan, a pan-specific model for predicting binding of peptides to any MHC molecule, is one of the most widely used methods which focuses on solving this binary classification problem using shallow neural networks. The recent successful results of Deep Learning (DL) methods, especially Natural Language Processing (NLP-based) pretrained models in various applications, including protein structure determination, motivated us to explore their use in this problem. Specifically, we consider the application of deep learning models pretrained on large datasets of protein sequences to predict MHC Class I-peptide binding. Using the standard performance metrics in this area, and the same training and test sets, we show that our models outperform NetMHCpan4.1, currently considered as the-state-of-the-art

Coulomb dissociation of N 20,21

Neutron-rich light nuclei and their reactions play an important role in the creation of chemical elements. Here, data from a Coulomb dissociation experiment on N20,21 are reported. Relativistic N20,21 ions impinged on a lead target and the Coulomb dissociation cross section was determined in a kinematically complete experiment. Using the detailed balance theorem, the N19(n,γ)N20 and N20(n,γ)N21 excitation functions and thermonuclear reaction rates have been determined. The N19(n,γ)N20 rate is up to a factor of 5 higher at

Prediction of protein assemblies, the next frontier: The CASP14-CAPRI experiment

We present the results for CAPRI Round 50, the fourth joint CASP-CAPRI protein assembly prediction challenge. The Round comprised a total of twelve targets, including six dimers, three trimers, and three higher-order oligomers. Four of these were easy targets, for which good structural templates were available either for the full assembly, or for the main interfaces (of the higher-order oligomers). Eight were difficult targets for which only distantly related templates were found for the individual subunits. Twenty-five CAPRI groups including eight automatic servers submitted ~1250 models per target. Twenty groups including six servers participated in the CAPRI scoring challenge submitted ~190 models per target. The accuracy of the predicted models was evaluated using the classical CAPRI criteria. The prediction performance was measured by a weighted scoring scheme that takes into account the number of models of acceptable quality or higher submitted by each group as part of their five top-ranking models. Compared to the previous CASP-CAPRI challenge, top performing groups submitted such models for a larger fraction (70–75%) of the targets in this Round, but fewer of these models were of high accuracy. Scorer groups achieved stronger performance with more groups submitting correct models for 70–80% of the targets or achieving high accuracy predictions. Servers performed less well in general, except for the MDOCKPP and LZERD servers, who performed on par with human groups. In addition to these results, major advances in methodology are discussed, providing an informative overview of where the prediction of protein assemblies currently stands.Cancer Research UK, Grant/Award Number: FC001003; Changzhou Science and Technology Bureau, Grant/Award Number: CE20200503; Department of Energy and Climate Change, Grant/Award Numbers: DE-AR001213, DE-SC0020400, DE-SC0021303; H2020 European Institute of Innovation and Technology, Grant/Award Numbers: 675728, 777536, 823830; Institut national de recherche en informatique et en automatique (INRIA), Grant/Award Number: Cordi-S; Lietuvos Mokslo Taryba, Grant/Award Numbers: S-MIP-17-60, S-MIP-21-35; Medical Research Council, Grant/Award Number: FC001003; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI, Grant/Award Number: JP19J00950; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Grant/Award Number: PID2019-110167RB-I00; Narodowe Centrum Nauki, Grant/Award Numbers: UMO-2017/25/B/ST4/01026, UMO-2017/26/M/ST4/00044, UMO-2017/27/B/ST4/00926; National Institute of General Medical Sciences, Grant/Award Numbers: R21GM127952, R35GM118078, RM1135136, T32GM132024; National Institutes of Health, Grant/Award Numbers: R01GM074255, R01GM078221, R01GM093123, R01GM109980, R01GM133840, R01GN123055, R01HL142301, R35GM124952, R35GM136409; National Natural Science Foundation of China, Grant/Award Number: 81603152; National Science Foundation, Grant/Award Numbers: AF1645512, CCF1943008, CMMI1825941, DBI1759277, DBI1759934, DBI1917263, DBI20036350, IIS1763246, MCB1925643; NWO, Grant/Award Number: TOP-PUNT 718.015.001; Wellcome Trust, Grant/Award Number: FC00100

SIIRRETTÄVÄN BETONIASEMAN KIVIAINESSIILOSTON MODULOINTI

Tämän opinnäytetyön tehtävänä oli suunnitella luonnos moduulirakenteisesta kiviainessiilosta. Tavoitteena oli tutkia yrityksen vanhemmat projektit, esittää niitä toimeksiantajalle ja etsiä sopiva ratkaisu eli fysikaaliset mitat suunnittelun käynnistämistä varten. Päämääränä oli luoda malli ja tulevaisuudessa mahdollisesti kokonaisen tuotteen, jota pystytään kuljettamaan Ivy-maiden tavarajunalla sekä purettuna pienemmiksi osiksi mahduttaa merikonttiin. Työ tehtiin kesällä yrityksen omissa tiloissa. Yritys antoi käyttää oman työkoneen suunnitteluohjelmineen. Opinnäytetyössä käytettiin eniten tuotekehitysprojektin toimintavaiheiden kannalta luonnosteluvaihetta eli etsittiin aina parempi ratkaisu mallipuolella. Työssä käydään kyseiseen aiheeseen liittyvää teoriaosuutta. Kerrotaan lyhyesti lukijalle betonista, betoniasemista, tuotekehityksestä, moduloinnista ja käydään läpi työn tekijän saatuja tuloksia. Opinnäytetyön aihe on tärkeä toimeksiantajalle, koska lähitulevaisuudessa yrityksessä aiotaan toteuttaa kyseistä tietoa. Kyseisellä tuotteella lyhennetään tuotteen läpimenoaikaa. Pienempien osien valmistus mahdollistaa käyttää pienempiä työtiloja, mikä työllistää pienempiäkin konepajoja.The purpose of this thesis was to design a draft of a modular design of an aggregate silo. The objective was to analyze the company's older projects, present them to the commissioner and to find an optimal solution of the physical dimensions for the planning of the product's launch. The goal was to create a model and possibly for the future the whole product itself, which can be transported to CIS countries by freight train. Also dis-assembled into smaller details silo is possible to transport by shipping container. The work was done during the summer at the company's own premises. The company allowed using its own computer with already installed design program. In the thesis there was used the R&D project’s steps of design, which mostly was drafting of the model over and over to achieve a better solution for the future product. This thesis covers not only the topics related to theory, such as concrete, concrete plants, product development and modulation, but also includes authors achieved results briefly written. The thesis’s theme is very important for the commissioner, because in the near future the company will forward the collected data to actually manufacture the product. The product enables to shorten the lead time. Manufacturing the smaller details allows to use smaller workspaces, which employs smaller machine shops

Body in Motion: Furukawa Hideo, Writer for the Multimedia Age

The purpose of this study is to serve as an introduction of the work of the contemporary Japanese author, Furukawa Hideo (b. 1966), to the Anglophone audience. I consider Furukawa to be a member of the 'post-Murakami' generation, not only in terms of chronology but also in terms of influence. Murakami Haruki (b. 1949) left an identifiable impact on Furukawa's fiction, however it would be erroneous to consider Furukawa a Murakami imitator. In this study, I attempt to highlight the elements that make Furukawa unique as an author; specifically his careful manipulation of the theme-space matrix, and his fast-paced style influenced by Furukawa's performances of his own literary works, and collaboration with musicians, which reflects Furukawa's position in the center of the contemporary cultural trend towards multimedia integration