Reclamos ambientales por la ribera de Hudson. Nuevas estrategias de resistencia en tiempos de pandemia

El desempeño de las prácticas extractivistas no cesó durante la pandemia de Covid-19 y por ende se fueron reformulando diferentes mecanismos y dinámicas contra discursivas al modelo de desarrollo dominante. La aparición de un nuevo conflicto por el futuro de la naturaleza y sus valoraciones se replicó en el campo de la acción ambientalista. Estas demandas fueron determinadas por las restricciones propias del aislamiento obligatorio, seguido del distanciamiento social actual. En Hudson (Partido de Berazategui), los diferentes actores sociales que reivindican el cuidado del humedal y el bosque ribereño se reinventaron en busca de nuevas alternativas y estrategias de lucha para lograr llevar adelante sus reclamos, exigiendo la declaración de la zona como reserva natural.publishedVersionFil: Iglesias, Facundo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.Fil: Marinelli, Candela. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina

Data-driven nonparametric Li-ion battery ageing model aiming at learning from real operation data - Part B : cycling operation

Conventional Li-ion battery ageing models, such as electrochemical, semi-empirical and empirical models, require a significant amount of time and experimental resources to provide accurate predictions under realistic operating conditions. At the same time, there is significant interest from industry in the introduction of new data collection telemetry technology. This implies the forthcoming availability of a significant amount of real-world battery operation data. In this context, the development of ageing models able to learn from in-field battery operation data is an interesting solution to mitigate the need for exhaustive laboratory testing. In a series of two papers, a data-driven ageing model is developed for Li-ion batteries under the Gaussian Process framework. A special emphasis is placed on illustrating the ability of the Gaussian Process model to learn from new data observations, providing more accurate and confident predictions, and extending the operating window of the model. The first paper of the series focussed on the systematic modelling and experimental verification of cell degradation through calendar ageing. Conversantly, this second paper addresses the same research challenge when the cell is electrically cycled. A specific covariance function is composed, tailored for use in a battery ageing application. Over an extensive dataset involving 124 cells tested during more than three years, different training possibilities are contemplated in order to quantify the minimal number of laboratory tests required for the design of an accurate ageing model. A model trained with only 26 tested cells achieves an overall mean-absolute-error of 1.04% in the capacity curve prediction, after being validated under a broad window of both dynamic and static cycling temperatures, Depth-of-Discharge, middle-SOC, charging and discharging C-rates

Residual HIV-1 DNA Flap-independent nuclear import of cPPT/CTS double mutant viruses does not support spreading infection

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) central DNA Flap is generated during reverse transcription as a result of (+) strand initiation at the central polypurine tract (cPPT) and termination after a <it>ca</it>. 100 bp strand displacement at the central termination sequence (CTS). The central DNA Flap is a determinant of HIV-1 nuclear import, however, neither cPPT nor CTS mutations entirely abolish nuclear import and infection. Therefore, to determine whether or not the DNA Flap is essential for HIV-1 nuclear import, we generated double mutant (DM) viruses, combining cPPT and CTS mutations to abolish DNA Flap formation.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The combination of cPPT and CTS mutations reduced the proportion of viruses forming the central DNA Flap at the end of reverse transcription and further decreased virus infectivity in one-cycle titration assays. The most affected DM viruses were unable to establish a spreading infection in the highly permissive MT4 cell line, nor in human primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), indicating that the DNA Flap is required for virus replication. Surprisingly, we found that DM viruses still maintained residual nuclear import levels, amounting to 5-15% of wild-type virus, as assessed by viral DNA circle quantification. Alu-PCR quantification of integrated viral genome also indicated 5-10% residual integration levels compared to wild-type virus.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This work establishes that the central DNA Flap is required for HIV-1 spreading infection but points to a residual DNA Flap independent nuclear import, whose functional significance remains unclear since it is not sufficient to support viral replication.</p

Wave-induced extreme water levels in the Puerto Morelos fringing reef lagoon

Wave-induced extreme water levels in the Puerto Morelos fringing reef lagoon are investigated by means of a phase-resolving non-hydrostatic wave model (SWASH). This model solves the nonlinear shallow water equations including non-hydrostatic pressure. The one-dimensional version of the model is implemented in order to investigate wave transformation in fringing reefs. Firstly, the numerical model is validated with (i) laboratory experiments conducted on a physical model (Demirbilek et al., 2007)and (ii) field observations (Coronado et al., 2007). Numerical results show good agreement with both experimental and field data. The comparison against the physical model results, for energetic wave conditions, indicates that high- and low-frequency wave transformation is well reproduced. Moreover, extreme water-level conditions measured during the passage of Hurricane Ivan in Puerto Morelos are also estimated by the numerical tool. Subsequently, the model is implemented at different along-reef locations in Puerto Morelos. Extreme water levels, wave-induced setup, and infragravity wave energy are estimated inside the reef lagoon for different storm wave conditions (&lt;i&gt;H&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;s&lt;/sub&gt; &gt;2 m). The numerical results revealed a strong correlation between the offshore sea-swell wave energy and the setup. In contrast, infragravity waves are shown to be the result of a more complex pattern which heavily relies on the reef geometry. Indeed, the southern end of the reef lagoon provides evidence of resonance excitation, suggesting that the reef barrier may act as either a natural flood protection morphological feature, or as an inundation hazard enhancer depending on the incident wave conditions

Data-driven nonparametric Li-ion battery ageing model aiming at learning from real operation data – Part A : storage operation

Conventional Li-ion battery ageing models, such as electrochemical, semi-empirical and empirical models, require a significant amount of time and experimental resources to provide accurate predictions under realistic operating conditions. At the same time, there is significant interest from industry in the introduction of new data collection telemetry technology. This implies the forthcoming availability of a significant amount of real-world battery operation data. In this context, the development of ageing models able to learn from in-field battery operation data is an interesting solution to mitigate the need for exhaustive laboratory testing

Assessment of future groundwater recharge in semi-arid regions under climate change scenarios (Serral-Salinas aquifer, SE Spain). Could increased rainfall variability increase the recharge rate?

The projected impact of climate change on groundwater recharge is a challenge in hydrogeological research because substantial doubts still remain, particularly in arid and semi-arid zones. We present a methodology to generate future groundwater recharge scenarios using available information about regional climate change projections developed in European Projects. It involves an analysis of regional climate model (RCM) simulations and a proposal for ensemble models to assess the impacts of climate change. Future rainfall and temperature series are generated by modifying the mean and standard deviation of the historical series in accordance with estimates of their change provoked by climate change. Future recharge series will be obtained by simulating these new series within a continuous balance model of the aquifer. The proposed method is applied to the Serral-Salinas aquifer, located in a semi-arid zone of south-east Spain. The results show important differences depending on the RCM used. Differences are also observed between the series generated by imposing only the changes in means or also in standard deviations. An increase in rainfall variability, as expected under future scenarios, could increase recharge rates for a given mean rainfall because the number of extreme events increases. For some RCMs, the simulations predict total recharge increases over the historical values, even though climate change would produce a reduction in the mean rainfall and an increased mean temperature. A method based on a multi-objective analysis is proposed to provide ensemble predictions that give more value to the information obtained from the best calibrated models. The ensemble of predictions estimates a reduction in mean annual recharge of 14% for scenario A2 and 58% for scenario A1B. Lower values of future recharge are obtained if only the change in the mean is imposed.This work has been developed under the framework of the CGL-2009-13238-C02-01 and CGL2009-13238-C02-02 research projects, financed by the Plan Nacional I+D+I 2008-2011 (Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain). The study was also partially supported by the European Community 7th Framework Project GENESIS (226536) on groundwater systems. We also thank the PRUDENCE and ENSEMBLES Projects, as some public data of this project have been applied.Pulido Velázquez, D.; García-Arostegui, J.; Molina González, JL.; Pulido-Velazquez, M. (2015). Assessment of future groundwater recharge in semi-arid regions under climate change scenarios (Serral-Salinas aquifer, SE Spain). Could increased rainfall variability increase the recharge rate?. Hydrological Processes. 29(6):828-844. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10191S828844296AEMet 2009 Generación de escenarios regionalizados de cambio climático para España www.aemet.es/documentos/es/elclima/cambio_climat/escenarios/Informe_Escenarios.pdfAguilera, H., & Murillo, J. M. (2008). The effect of possible climate change on natural groundwater recharge based on a simple model: a study of four karstic aquifers in SE Spain. Environmental Geology, 57(5), 963-974. doi:10.1007/s00254-008-1381-2Bell, V. A., Kay, A. L., Jones, R. G., & Moore, R. J. (2007). Development of a high resolution grid-based river flow model for use with regional climate model output. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 11(1), 532-549. doi:10.5194/hess-11-532-2007Bouraoui, F., Vachaud, G., Li, L. Z. X., Le Treut, H., & Chen, T. (1999). Evaluation of the impact of climate changes on water storage and groundwater recharge at the watershed scale. Climate Dynamics, 15(2), 153-161. doi:10.1007/s003820050274Candela, L., von Igel, W., Javier Elorza, F., & Aronica, G. (2009). Impact assessment of combined climate and management scenarios on groundwater resources and associated wetland (Majorca, Spain). Journal of Hydrology, 376(3-4), 510-527. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.07.057Candela, L., Tamoh, K., Olivares, G., & Gomez, M. (2012). Modelling impacts of climate change on water resources in ungauged and data-scarce watersheds. Application to the Siurana catchment (NE Spain). Science of The Total Environment, 440, 253-260. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.06.062Cayan, D. R., Maurer, E. P., Dettinger, M. D., Tyree, M., & Hayhoe, K. (2008). Climate change scenarios for the California region. Climatic Change, 87(S1), 21-42. doi:10.1007/s10584-007-9377-6Christensen, N. S., & Lettenmaier, D. P. (2007). A multimodel ensemble approach to assessment of climate change impacts on the hydrology and water resources of the Colorado River Basin. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 11(4), 1417-1434. doi:10.5194/hess-11-1417-2007Döll, P. (2009). Vulnerability to the impact of climate change on renewable groundwater resources: a global-scale assessment. Environmental Research Letters, 4(3), 035006. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/4/3/035006Dragoni, W., & Sukhija, B. S. (2008). Climate change and groundwater: a short review. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 288(1), 1-12. doi:10.1144/sp288.1ENSEMBLES PROJECT 2009 European Commission's 6th Framework Integrated Project from 2004-2009 (through the contract GOCE-CT-2003-505539) under the Thematic Sub-Priority ‘Global Change and Ecosystems’ http://ensembles-eu.metoffice.com/FAO 2008 Climate change water and flood securityFowler, H. J., Blenkinsop, S., & Tebaldi, C. (2007). Linking climate change modelling to impacts studies: recent advances in downscaling techniques for hydrological modelling. International Journal of Climatology, 27(12), 1547-1578. doi:10.1002/joc.1556Fowler, H. J., Kilsby, C. G., & Stunell, J. (2007). Modelling the impacts of projected future climate change on water resources in north-west England. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 11(3), 1115-1126. doi:10.5194/hess-11-1115-2007Green, T. R., Bates, B. C., Charles, S. P., & Fleming, P. M. (2007). Physically Based Simulation of Potential Effects of Carbon Dioxide–Altered Climates on Groundwater Recharge. Vadose Zone Journal, 6(3), 597. doi:10.2136/vzj2006.0099Green, T. R., Taniguchi, M., Kooi, H., Gurdak, J. J., Allen, D. M., Hiscock, K. M., … Aureli, A. (2011). Beneath the surface of global change: Impacts of climate change on groundwater. Journal of Hydrology, 405(3-4), 532-560. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.05.002Gurdak, J. J., & Roe, C. D. (2010). Review: Recharge rates and chemistry beneath playas of the High Plains aquifer, USA. Hydrogeology Journal, 18(8), 1747-1772. doi:10.1007/s10040-010-0672-3Haylock, M. R., Hofstra, N., Klein Tank, A. M. G., Klok, E. J., Jones, P. D., & New, M. (2008). A European daily high-resolution gridded data set of surface temperature and precipitation for 1950–2006. Journal of Geophysical Research, 113(D20). doi:10.1029/2008jd010201Hernandez-Barrios L 2007 Efectos del cambio climático en los sistemas complejos de recursos hídricos. Aplicación a la cuenca del Júcar. (Effects of climate change on complex water resources systems. Application to the Jucar River Basin)Herrera-Pantoja, M., & Hiscock, K. M. (2007). The effects of climate change on potential groundwater recharge in Great Britain. Hydrological Processes, 22(1), 73-86. doi:10.1002/hyp.6620Iglesias, A., Garrote, L., Flores, F., & Moneo, M. (2006). Challenges to Manage the Risk of Water Scarcity and Climate Change in the Mediterranean. Water Resources Management, 21(5), 775-788. doi:10.1007/s11269-006-9111-6IPCC 2007 Four assessment report: impacts, adaptation and vulnerabilityJiménez-Martínez, J., Candela, L., Molinero, J., & Tamoh, K. (2010). Groundwater recharge in irrigated semi-arid areas: quantitative hydrological modelling and sensitivity analysis. Hydrogeology Journal, 18(8), 1811-1824. doi:10.1007/s10040-010-0658-1Jyrkama, M. I., & Sykes, J. F. (2007). The impact of climate change on spatially varying groundwater recharge in the grand river watershed (Ontario). Journal of Hydrology, 338(3-4), 237-250. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2007.02.036Kovalevskii, V. S. (2007). Effect of climate changes on groundwater. Water Resources, 34(2), 140-152. doi:10.1134/s0097807807020042Lautenbach, S., Jürgen Berlekamp, Graf, N., Seppelt, R., & Matthies, M. (2009). Scenario analysis and management options for sustainable river basin management: Application of the Elbe DSS. Environmental Modelling & Software, 24(1), 26-43. doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2008.05.001Lopez, A., Fung, F., New, M., Watts, G., Weston, A., & Wilby, R. L. (2009). From climate model ensembles to climate change impacts and adaptation: A case study of water resource management in the southwest of England. Water Resources Research, 45(8). doi:10.1029/2008wr007499Merritt, W. S., Alila, Y., Barton, M., Taylor, B., Cohen, S., & Neilsen, D. (2006). Hydrologic response to scenarios of climate change in sub watersheds of the Okanagan basin, British Columbia. Journal of Hydrology, 326(1-4), 79-108. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.10.025Molina JL García Aróstegui JL 2007 Identificación preliminar de impactos del uso intensivo del agua subterránea en el sureste español: Acuífero Serral-Salinas (Murcia-Alicante)Molina, J. L., García Aróstegui, J. L., Benavente, J., Varela, C., de la Hera, A., & López Geta, J. A. (2009). Aquifers Overexploitation in SE Spain: A Proposal for the Integrated Analysis of Water Management. Water Resources Management, 23(13), 2737-2760. doi:10.1007/s11269-009-9406-5Molina, J.-L., García-Aróstegui, J. L., Bromley, J., & Benavente, J. (2011). Integrated Assessment of the European WFD Implementation in Extremely Overexploited Aquifers Through Participatory Modelling. Water Resources Management, 25(13), 3343-3370. doi:10.1007/s11269-011-9859-1Molina, J.-L., Pulido-Velázquez, D., García-Aróstegui, J. L., & Pulido-Velázquez, M. (2013). Dynamic Bayesian Networks as a Decision Support tool for assessing Climate Change impacts on highly stressed groundwater systems. Journal of Hydrology, 479, 113-129. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.11.038PRUDENCE PROJECT 2004 Prediction of regional scenarios and uncertainties for defining European climate change risks and effects http://prudence.dmi.dk/Pulido-Velazquez, D., Garrote, L., Andreu, J., Martin-Carrasco, F.-J., & Iglesias, A. (2011). A methodology to diagnose the effect of climate change and to identify adaptive strategies to reduce its impacts in conjunctive-use systems at basin scale. Journal of Hydrology, 405(1-2), 110-122. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.05.014Romero, R., Guijarro, J. A., Ramis, C., & Alonso, S. (1998). A 30-year (1964–1993) daily rainfall data base for the Spanish Mediterranean regions: first exploratory study. International Journal of Climatology, 18(5), 541-560. doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0088(199804)18:53.0.co;2-nSamper J Huguet Ll Ares J García Vera MA 1999 Manual del usuario del programa VISUAL BALAN v.1.0: Código interactivo para la realización de balances hidrológicos y la estimación de la recargaSamper J Huguet Ll Ares J García-Vera MA 2005 User's guide VisualBALAN v.2.0: código interactivo para la realización de balances hidrológicos y la estimación de la recarga [Visual-BALAN v.2.0: interactive code to establish water balance and aquifer recharge]Taylor, R. G., Scanlon, B., Döll, P., Rodell, M., van Beek, R., Wada, Y., … Treidel, H. (2012). Ground water and climate change. Nature Climate Change, 3(4), 322-329. doi:10.1038/nclimate1744Vaccaro, J. J. (1992). Sensitivity of groundwater recharge estimates to climate variability and change, Columbia Plateau, Washington. Journal of Geophysical Research, 97(D3), 2821. doi:10.1029/91jd01788Werner, A. D., Zhang, Q., Xue, L., Smerdon, B. D., Li, X., Zhu, X., … Li, L. (2012). An Initial Inventory and Indexation of Groundwater Mega-Depletion Cases. Water Resources Management, 27(2), 507-533. doi:10.1007/s11269-012-0199-6WRF (Water Resources Foundation) 2009 Climate change impacts http://www.theclimatechangeclearinghouse.org/ClimateChangeImpacts/ChangesStormIntensityFrequency/Pages/default.asp

Copper and bronze influence on sintered austenitic stainless steels properties

Partiendo de los aceros inoxidables AISI 316L y 304L a los que se añadió cobre y bronce en diferentes porcentajes hasta el 20 % en peso, se estudia el efecto que la cantidad de aleante y la temperatura de sinterización tienen sobre las propiedades físicas y mecánicas y sobre la microestructura de los aceros inoxidables sinterizados. La aleación con cobre y con bronce aumenta la densidad de los aceros sinterizados para las dos temperaturas de sinterización utilizadas. El cobre y el bronce provocan la aparición de fase líquida (transitoria o permanente) que activa el proceso de sinterización. La resistencia a la tracción del acero inoxidable experimenta un fuerte incremento para los contenidos más elevados de aleante. Además, la resistencia a la tracción alcanza mayores valores para la aleación con bronce que con cobre.The effect that, on AISI 316L and 304L stainless steels alloyed with copper and bronze in different percentages up to a maximun of 20 % wt, produce both the alloying content and the sintering temperature over physical and mechanical properties and over the microstructure of sintered stainless steels are studied. Alloying with copper and bronze improves the density of sintered steels at the two sintering temperatures used. Copper and bronze promote liquid phase sintering (transitory or permanent), that activates sintering process. Tensile strength of stainless steel is highly improved for higher alloying contents. Moreover, tensile strength presents greater values alloying with bronze than with copper.Los autores quieren agradecer a la CICYT su apoyo a través del proyecto MAT-94-0230

Informe estadístico sobre la producción de Tesis de Grado de la Licenciatura en Turismo de la FCE-UNLP: período 2004-2019

El presente informe se enmarca en una propuesta más amplia, el proyecto investigación y Desarrollo (I+D), acreditado por la Secretaría de Ciencia y Técnica UNLP (Código: 11/E177), denominado “Territorios Turísticos Posibles. Análisis y Gestión de Lugares desde la Organización del Territorio en la Región del Gran la Plata”, en adelante “TTP”. A partir del cronograma de actividades pautado para el primer año de la investigación se elaboró un avance denominado “Informe estadístico sobre la producción de Tesis de Grado de la Licenciatura en Turismo de la FCE 2004-2019”. De esta manera, el aporte resulta ser uno de los insumos principales como fundamento de la indagación en relación con los recursos humanos que han transitado por la carrera, sus perfiles profesionales, las temáticas abordadas, así como también, los temas de interés y desafíos por delante a la hora de pensar herramientas de gestión institucional.Instituto de Investigaciones en Turism

Modifiable risk factors associated with prediabetes in men and women: A cross-sectional analysis of the cohort study in primary health care on the evolution of patients with prediabetes

Background: Prediabetes is a high-risk state for diabetes development, but little is known about the factors associated with this state. The aim of the study was to identify modifiable risk factors associated with the presence of prediabetes in men and women. Methods: Cohort Study in Primary Health Care on the Evolution of Patients with Prediabetes (PREDAPS-Study) is a prospective study on a cohort of 1184 subjects with prediabetes and another cohort of 838 subjects without glucose metabolism disorders. It is being conducted by 125 general practitioners in Spain. Data for this analysis were collected during the baseline stage in 2012. The modifiable risk factors included were: smoking habit, alcohol consumption, low physical activity, inadequate diet, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity. To assess independent association between each factor and prediabetes, odds ratios (ORs) were estimated using logistic regression models. Results: Abdominal obesity, low plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol), and hypertension were independently associated with the presence of prediabetes in both men and women. After adjusting for all factors, the respective ORs (95% Confidence Intervals) were 1.98 (1.41-2.79), 1.88 (1.23-2.88) and 1.86 (1.39-2.51) for men, and 1.89 (1.36-2.62), 1.58 (1.12-2.23) and 1.44 (1.07-1.92) for women. Also, general obesity was a risk factor in both sexes but did not reach statistical significance among men, after adjusting for all factors. Risky alcohol consumption was a risk factor for prediabetes in men, OR 1.49 (1.00-2.24). Conclusions: Obesity, low HDL-cholesterol levels, and hypertension were modifiable risk factors independently related to the presence of prediabetes in both sexes. The magnitudes of the associations were stronger for men than women. Abdominal obesity in both men and women displayed the strongest association with prediabetes. The findings suggest that there are some differences between men and women, which should be taken into account when implementing specific recommendations to prevent or delay the onset of diabetes in adult population

Healthcare workers hospitalized due to COVID-19 have no higher risk of death than general population. Data from the Spanish SEMI-COVID-19 Registry

Aim To determine whether healthcare workers (HCW) hospitalized in Spain due to COVID-19 have a worse prognosis than non-healthcare workers (NHCW). Methods Observational cohort study based on the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry, a nationwide registry that collects sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory, and treatment data on patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in Spain. Patients aged 20-65 years were selected. A multivariate logistic regression model was performed to identify factors associated with mortality. Results As of 22 May 2020, 4393 patients were included, of whom 419 (9.5%) were HCW. Median (interquartile range) age of HCW was 52 (15) years and 62.4% were women. Prevalence of comorbidities and severe radiological findings upon admission were less frequent in HCW. There were no difference in need of respiratory support and admission to intensive care unit, but occurrence of sepsis and in-hospital mortality was lower in HCW (1.7% vs. 3.9%; p = 0.024 and 0.7% vs. 4.8%; p<0.001 respectively). Age, male sex and comorbidity, were independently associated with higher in-hospital mortality and healthcare working with lower mortality (OR 0.211, 95%CI 0.067-0.667, p = 0.008). 30-days survival was higher in HCW (0.968 vs. 0.851 p<0.001). Conclusions Hospitalized COVID-19 HCW had fewer comorbidities and a better prognosis than NHCW. Our results suggest that professional exposure to COVID-19 in HCW does not carry more clinical severity nor mortality