Metallicities and ages of stellar populations at a high Galactic latitude field

We present an analysis of $UBVRI$ data from the Selected Area SA 141. By applying recalibrated methods of measuring ultraviolet excess (UVX), we approximate abundances and absolute magnitudes for 368 stars over 1.3 square degrees out to distances over 10 kpc. With the density distribution constrained from our previous photometric parallax investigations and with sufficient accounting for the metallicity bias in the UVX method, we are able to compare the vertical abundance distribution to those measured in previous studies. We find that the abundance distribution has an underlying uniform component consistent with previous spectroscopic results that posit a monometallic thick disk and halo with abundances of $[Fe/H]$ = $-$0.8 and $-$1.4, respectively. However, there are a number of outlying data points that may indicate contamination by more metal-rich halo streams. The absence of vertical abundance gradients in the Galactic stellar populations and the possible presence of interloping halo streams would be consistent with expectations from merger models of Galaxy formation. We find that our UVX method has limited sensitivity in exploring the metallicity distribution of the distant Galactic halo, owing to the poor constraint on the $UBV$ properties of very metal-poor stars. The derivation of metallicities from broadband $UBV$ photometry remains fundamentally sound for the exploration of the halo but is in need of both improved calibration and superior data.Comment: 11 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS Journa

Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362

Modeling of molecular interaction between catechol and tyrosinase by DFT

In this study, the synthetic active site model of tyrosinase enzyme's “(His3)Cu.OH.Cu(His3) arrangement” is constituted by applying the density functional theory (DFT) to reveal the enzymatic conversion of catechol in molecular basis. This is the first time the binding mechanisms of catechol in relation to the enzyme active site (met-tyrosinase) in a vacuum environment, explicit water, and solvent (ethanol, acetone)/water mixture have been studied using the DFT. The theoretical results are supported along with the experimental ones to clarify the structure–activity relationship in these models. As understood from the mechanisms, the initial H abstraction from catechol is the most probable rate-limiting step. The parameters that cause the copper region to become congested or comfortable for H abstraction, such as the ordered structure of water molecules, Cu–Cu distance, H-bond distance, orientation and conformation of histidine residues around the copper center, and electrostatic potential of the system, play a significant role in the catechol/met-tyrosinase interaction. © 2019 Elsevier B.V

Organizational health in the schools

Yöneticilerin uğrașmak zorunda oldukları birçok konu vardır. Ancak yönetici büyük resmi görmeye bașlamadıkça yani örgütün sağlığını izlemedikçe diğer yaptıklarının bir önemi kalmayacaktır. Örgüt sağlığı örgüt ile ilgili literatüre yeni girmiș bir kavramdır. Örgüt sağlığı hem örgütin verimliliğine hem de örgütün büyümesine ve gelișmesine ișaret eder. Son yıllarda yöneticiler, örgüt kültürünü, ișyeri stresini, örgütsel bağlılığı, ahlakî değerlere bağlılığı ve çalıșanların morallerini tartıșmaktadırlar. Șimdi tüm bunları içeren ve “büyük resmi” daha iyi görmemizi sağlayan yeni bir kavrama sahibiz: örgüt sağlığı. Eğitim sisteminin temel örgütü okuldur. Okulun ișleyișinin veriminin artırılması ve gelișmenin sürdürülmesi için sağlıklı bir yapıya kavușturulması gerekmektedir. Sağlığı ölçmenin yolu ise okulda çalıșanların özellikle de öğretmenlerin örgütü algılama düzeylerinin tespit edilmesidir

Genotyping of rifampin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates by mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable number tandem repeat (MIRU-VNTR) analysis [Ri·fampi·si·ne di·rençli· Mycobacterium tuberculosis i·zolatlarinin MIRU-VNTR (mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable number tandem repeat) yöntemi·yle genoti·plendi· rmesi·]

PubMed ID: 17933249Molecular typing methods have greatly enhanced our understanding on epidemiology of tuberculosis and allowed us to identify outbreaks and intertransmission within populations. Recently, a set of 12 variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR), designated mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units (MIRU), has been described as being useful for the typing of M.tuberculosis. In this study, 26 rifampin (RIF) resistant M.tuberculosis isolates with known IS6110-RFLP patterns obtained from 26 different patients in Aegean Region were typed by MIRU-VNTR and the data were compared with IS6110-RFLP results. The results showed that in most isolates the clustering on the basis of IS6110 RFLP typing and that on the basis of MIRU-VNTR typing were in agreement. It was also determined that the loci including MIRU 16, MIRU 40, MIRU 26, MIRU 10, MIRU 04 and MIRU 31, respectively, have the highest allelic diversities and discriminatory power. In conclusion, since the discrimination level of conventional MIRU-VNTR including 12 loci might be variable, by the use of additional loci which present high degree of allelic differentiation, this method would be reliable for the epidemiologic studies

The Analysis of the Electrical and Photovoltaic Properties of Cr/p-Si Structures Using Current-Voltage Measurements

In this work, the electrical and photovoltaic properties of Cr/p -Si structures were investigated using forward and reverse bias current-voltage (I - V) measurements in dark and under illumination conditions (100 mW/cm2) at room temperature. The forward and reverse bias current–voltage (I - V) characteristics of the Cr/p-Si structures were analyzed by the thermionic emission theory. For this, the main parameters such as ideality factors (n), barrier heights (?bo), series resistances (RS), and reverse-saturation currents obtained from different methods using forward and reverse bias I - V measurements were investigated in under dark and illumination conditions at room temperature, respectively. Furthermore, the photovoltaic parameters such as short circuit current (Isc), open circuit voltage (Voc), fill factor (FF) and conversion efficiency (?P) were acquired as 7.43 × 10-3 A/cm2, 0.260 V, 61.5% and 1.18% under 100 mW/cm2 light intensity, respectively, and these values are near to a photodiode. Experimental results show that all electrical parameters were found to be strong function of illumination density. Also, this result confirms that Cr/p-type-Si diode can be used as a photodiode in optoelectronic applications. © 2018, Springer Science+Business Media B.V., part of Springer Nature

DENEYSEL SİROZDA SERUM OROTİK ASİT DÜZEYLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Hepatosell&uuml;lar hasara bağlı olarak NH3&nbsp;d&uuml;zeyi y&uuml;kselir ve &uuml;re d&ouml;ng&uuml;s&uuml; enzimlerinde azalma meydana gelir. Y&uuml;kselen NH3&nbsp;d&uuml;zeyi mitokondriyal karbamoil fosfat sentezinin artışına neden olur. Sitozole diff&uuml;z olduktan sonra karbamoil fosfat, sitozolik karbamoil fosfat sentetaz tarafından pirimidin sentezine y&ouml;nlendirilir ve orotik asit &uuml;retiminde artış g&ouml;zlenir. Bu &ccedil;alışmanın amacı CCl4&nbsp;ile oluşturulan deneysel sirozda orotik asit d&uuml;zeylerini değerlendirmektir. &Ccedil;alışmada toplam 36 sı&ccedil;an (kontrol= 17, deney grubu= 19) kullanıldı. Deneysel siroz CCl4&nbsp;ile oluşturuldu. Serum total protein, albumin, AST, ALT, ALP, ve LDH d&uuml;zeyleri otoanaliz&ouml;rle tayin edilirken, orotik asit d&uuml;zeylerinin tayininde HPLC kullanıldı. Her iki grupta total protein d&uuml;zeylerinde anlamlı bir değişiklik yok iken, albumin d&uuml;zeyleri azaldı. Kontrol ile karşılaştırıldığında, sirotik sı&ccedil;anların AST, ALT, ALP, LDH ve orotik asit d&uuml;zeylerinin anlamlı derecede arttığı g&ouml;r&uuml;ld&uuml; (p&lt;0.005). Deneysel siroz oluşturulan sı&ccedil;anların orotik asit d&uuml;zeylerinde istatistiki olarak anlamlı bir artış vardır. Bu nedenle, AST, ALT, ALP ve LDH gibi karaciğer fonksiyon parametrelerine ek olarak orotik asit d&uuml;zeylerinin de rutin olarak saptanması ile, karaciğer hastalıklarının, &ouml;zellikle de sirozun patogenezi hakkında daha faydalı ve anlamlı sonu&ccedil;lar elde edilebilir.Due to hepatocellular damage, NH3&nbsp;level is increased and levels of urea cycle enzymes are reduced. NH3&nbsp;causes increase in the synthesis of mitochondrial carbamoyl phosphate. After diffusing into cytosole, carbamoyl phosphate is directed to pyrimidine synthesis by cytosolic carbamoyl phosphate synthase and increase in orotic acid production is observed. Objective of the present study was to evaluate orotic acid levels in experimental cirrhosis induced by CCl4. Total of 36 rats (control: 17, experimental group: 19) were used in the study. Experimental cirrhosis was induced by CCl4. Total protein, albumin, AST, ALT, ALP and LDH levels in serum were determined by an autoanalyzer whereas orotic acid levels were determined with HPLC. There was no significant changes in total protein levels whereas albumin levels were reduced in both group of rats. AST, ALT, ALP, LDH and orotic acid levels were found to be significantly increased in cirrhotic rats compared to control ones (p&lt;0.005). There was a statistically significant increase in orotic acid levels in rats with experimental cirrhosis. Therefore, orotic acid level, in addition to other liver function parameters such as AST, ALT, ALP, LDH may be routinely determined so that more useful and meaningful results can be obtained about pathogenesis of liver diseases especially cirrhosis.</p