Analyzing the thermal regime of power supply units in portable betatrons by using infrared thermography

Potentials of infrared thermography in analyzing a thermal regime of the 7.5 MeV betatron power supply are discussed. Both the heating rate and thermal inertia of particular electronic components have been evaluated by processing pixel-based temperature histories. The data treatment has been performed by using the original ThermoFit Pro software to illustrate that some advanced processing algorithms, such as the Fourier transform and principle component analysis, are valuable in identifying thermal dynamics of particular power supply parts

Nearest-neighbour directed random hyperbolic graphs

Undirected hyperbolic graph models have been extensively used as models of scale-free small-world networks with high clustering coefficient. Here we presented a simple directed hyperbolic model, where nodes randomly distributed on a hyperbolic disk are connected to a fixed number m of their nearest spatial neighbours. We introduce also a canonical version of this network (which we call "network with varied connection radius"), where maximal length of outgoing bond is space-dependent and is determined by fixing the average out-degree to m. We study local bond length, in-degree and reciprocity in these networks as a function of spatial coordinates of the nodes, and show that the network has a distinct core-periphery structure. We show that for small densities of nodes the overall in-degree has a truncated power law distribution. We demonstrate that reciprocity of the network can be regulated by adjusting an additional temperature-like parameter without changing other global properties of the network.Comment: 26 papers, 12 figure

Method of obtaining distilled water in field conditions

The article contains information on possible methods of obtaining distilled water in the field. The article also presents some of the most advanced modules and installations that have the highest performance on the current day. Printed analysis of the performance of modules and installations over time.Статья содержит сведения о возможных методах получения дистиллированной воды в полевых условиях. Также в статье представлены одни из самых современных модулей и установок, которые имеют максимальную производительность на нынешний день. Проведён анализ изменения производительности модулей и установок со временем

Innovative Production Technology of Drinks from Grape Cryopowders

A technology, based on the production of wine beverages from grape cryopowders in the mountain-valley zone of the Republic of Dagestan, is proposed. The data on the vacuum microwave drying of grape raw materials and subsequent grinding in a cryomill are presented. The modes of grape raw material preparation and its subsequent dehydration and cryo-grinding, which provide the possibility of successful use in the dried state in the production technology of wine drinks, are proposed. The principal feature is the use of whole grapes as a raw material, with rinds and seeds. The physical and chemical indicators, the content of phenolic substances and the organoleptic indicators of wine beverages made according to the traditional technology and the beverage made from grape cryopowders were studied. A comparative assessment of beverages was made. It is established that vacuum microwave drying conduces to better preservation of the properties of raw materials and finished products. The organoleptic assessment showed that the wine drinks developed according to the proposed technology had a more intense color and a more pronounced flavor of sweetness and sourness than traditional wine beverages. The advantage of this technology is the ability to transport grape cryopowders in unregulated temperature conditions to any point close to the consumer and carry out the production of wine beverages there

PULSED LASER DEPOSITION OF GAPN THIN FILMS ON SI

Thin film GaP1-xNx were obtained by pulsed laser deposition It was found that a small mixing (1-2 cm-1) in the frequency positions LO phonon modes for films GaP1-xNx and a single-crystal GaP target was observed in the spectra obtained. The results obtained can be explained by a decrease in the crystal lattice parameter in the epitaxial layer GaP1-xNx

The influence of blood donation on the development of iron deficiency

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effect of the number of blood donations on the development of iron deficiency.Цель исследования – оценить влияние числа донаций крови на развитие железодефицитного состояния

Developmental regulation of CB1-mediated spike-time dependent depression at immature mossy fiber-CA3 synapses

Early in postnatal life, mossy fibres (MF), the axons of granule cells in the dentate gyrus, release GABA which is depolarizing and excitatory. Synaptic currents undergo spike-time dependent long-term depression (STD-LTD) regardless of the temporal order of stimulation (pre versus post and viceversa). Here we show that at P3 but not at P21, STD-LTD, induced by negative pairing, is mediated by endocannabinoids mobilized from the postsynaptic cell during spiking-induced membrane depolarization. By diffusing backward, endocannabinoids activate cannabinoid type-1 (CB1) receptors probably expressed on MF. Thus, STD-LTD was prevented by CB1 receptor antagonists and was absent in CB1-KO mice. Consistent with these data, in situ hybridization experiments revealed detectable level of CB1 mRNA in the granule cell layer at P3 but not at P21. These results indicate that CB1 receptors are transiently expressed on immature MF terminals where they counteract the enhanced neuronal excitability induced by the excitatory action of GABA

Neuronal Chemokines: Versatile Messengers In Central Nervous System Cell Interaction

Whereas chemokines are well known for their ability to induce cell migration, only recently it became evident that chemokines also control a variety of other cell functions and are versatile messengers in the interaction between a diversity of cell types. In the central nervous system (CNS), chemokines are generally found under both physiological and pathological conditions. Whereas many reports describe chemokine expression in astrocytes and microglia and their role in the migration of leukocytes into the CNS, only few studies describe chemokine expression in neurons. Nevertheless, the expression of neuronal chemokines and the corresponding chemokine receptors in CNS cells under physiological and pathological conditions indicates that neuronal chemokines contribute to CNS cell interaction. In this study, we review recent studies describing neuronal chemokine expression and discuss potential roles of neuronal chemokines in neuron–astrocyte, neuron–microglia, and neuron–neuron interaction

HIV-1 matrix protein p17 misfolding forms toxic amyloidogenic assemblies that induce neurocognitive disorders

© 2017 The Author(s). Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1)-Associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) remains an important neurological manifestation that adversely affects a patient's quality of life. HIV-1 matrix protein p17 (p17) has been detected in autoptic brain tissue of HAND individuals who presented early with severe AIDS encephalopathy. We hypothesised that the ability of p17 to misfold may result in the generation of toxic assemblies in the brain and may be relevant for HAND pathogenesis. A multidisciplinary integrated approach has been applied to determine the ability of p17 to form soluble amyloidogenic assemblies in vitro. To provide new information into the potential pathogenic role of soluble p17 species in HAND, their toxicological capability was evaluated in vivo. In C. elegans, capable of recognising toxic assemblies of amyloidogenic proteins, p17 induces a specific toxic effect which can be counteracted by tetracyclines, drugs able to hinder the formation of large oligomers and consequently amyloid fibrils. The intrahippocampal injection of p17 in mice reduces their cognitive function and induces behavioral deficiencies. These findings offer a new way of thinking about the possible cause of neurodegeneration in HIV-1-seropositive patients, which engages the ability of p17 to form soluble toxic assemblies

Prospects of creation of alcohol-free drinks on light water

The article analyzes the prospects of creating non-alcoholic tonic drinks on light water. The aim of the work is to study the properties of water with a low content of deuterium for the production of beverages. A block diagram of the production of soft drinks using as a basic component of light water, watermelon juice concentrate as a sweetener, the use of natural preservative juglona, from the pericarp walnut. The theoretical prerequisites for a large-scale transition to the production of tonic drinks based on extracts from domestic herbs and light water are formulated. For the first time the formula composition of drinks with adaptogenic properties differing in antioxidant properties is developed. The range of adaptogenic drinks, which include light water and non-traditional spicy and aromatic raw materials, was systematized, which was the justification for the proposal to use antioxidants as identifiers of the authenticity of a new group of drinks. First proposed version of the graphical visualization of the target system for the formation of flavouring spicy-aromatic characteristics of several formulations of drinks, the algorithm of modeling of the prescription of drinks with light water with a savory and spicy taste. The performed studies have practical significance and have been tested in the production conditions of the Branch № 1 of the Moscow beer and non-alcoholic plant "Ochakovo". The original formulations of tonic drinks with adaptogenic properties are designed, the permissible terms of their storage are determined. The necessary documentation for the production of beverages based on light water and aromatic raw materials has been developed. Developed draft technical specifications for the drinks: "Drink for Rugby players", "players Drink", "Drink Chess". The conclusion is made about the expediency of pilot testing of the developed technology of beverage production