Estado de la comunicación audiovisual interactiva: análisis generacional y su incidencia en el proceso de aprendizaje educativo

La comunicación interactiva incorpora una serie de factores que han ido evolucionando en los últimos años hasta llegar al variado entramado de tecnologías, medios, soportes y contenidos que hoy la dotan de un perfil complejo y multidisciplinar, ofreciendo al consumidor, gracias a la convergencia de medios y las tecnologías en aplicaciones y plataformas, la posibilidad de transportarlo desde “la acción” a un universo transmedia del que ya no es un usuario pasivo. Surge una nueva figura, el prosumidor, con capacidad si lo desea de crear, recrear, compartir, editar, adaptar, sugerir en texto, sonido, imagen y audiovisual contenidos generando una nueva cultura colaborativa. Este planteamiento donde mejor se pone de manifiesto en cifras y productividad es en el consumo y participación transmedia de los nativos digitales. A través de sus preferencias (sagas, videojuegos, música, redes sociales) de diversa temática –aunque más asociada a los gustos juveniles, como la acción, el humor, la fantasía o la experimentación- esta generación en diferentes medios a través de aplicaciones, plataformas y redes sociales generan una ingente cultura de contenidos y comunicación socializándola y realizando una serie de procesos tecnológicos y cognitivos para poder llevarla a cabo. Esta productividad cultural mediática, que se realiza fundamentalmente desde el ocio u otros intereses que no están ligados a la educación formal, está sin embargo, según el grado de participación, creando habilidades desde el ‘aprendizaje invisible’, Este “emprendizaje” (aprender haciendo) informal motivado por la necesidad, curiosidad, afición y pertenencia al grupo ha dotado a los individuos de las nuevas generaciones un diseño de cerebro y unas habilidades digitales que es necesario trasladar a los procesos de aprendizaje de la educación formal, principalmente por dos motivos: 1) El sistema actual no es eficiente ni eficaz para este nuevo modelo de perfil de alumno debido a sus nuevas características. 2) La pérdida de valor por falta de identificación y sistematización de todas esas habilidades y talentos susceptibles de transformarse en competencias de un “futuro” que las va a necesitar.Departamento de Historia Moderna, Contemporánea y de América, Periodismo y Comunicación Audiovisual y PublicidadMáster en Investigación de la Comunicación como Agente Histórico-Socia

Local temperatures and local terms in modular Hamiltonians

We show there are analogs to the Unruh temperature that can be defined for any quantum field theory and region of the space. These local temperatures are defined using relative entropy with localized excitations. We show that important restrictions arise from relative entropy inequalities and causal propagation between Cauchy surfaces. These suggest a large amount of universality for local temperatures, especially the ones affecting null directions. For regions with any number of intervals in two spacetime dimensions, the local temperatures might arise from a term in the modular Hamiltonian proportional to the stress tensor. We argue this term might be universal, with a coefficient that is the same for any theory, and check analytically and numerically that this is the case for free massive scalar and Dirac fields. In dimensions d≥3, the local terms in the modular Hamiltonian producing these local temperatures cannot be formed exclusively from the stress tensor. For a free scalar field, we classify the structure of the local terms.Instituto de Física La Plat

Aplicación del aprendizaje cooperativo en terapia ocupacional

El aprendizaje cooperativo como método de aprendizaje activo proporciona a los estudiantes la oportunidad de aprender con otros, está basado en la construcción colectiva del conocimiento y el desarrollo de habilidades. El aprendizaje es más eficaz cuando el alumno intercambia ideas con sus compañeros y cuando todos colaboran o aportan algo para llegar a una solución. Se consigue un aprendizaje significativo al ser sujeto activo y se motivan viendo su utilización con otros compañeros. La aplicación de esta metodología en Terapia Ocupacional es adecuada para la adquisición de competencias transversales y habilidades, conocimientos y actitudes específicos. Para el profesor supone mayor implicación y un esfuerzo inicial que se rentabiliza con los resultados conseguidos. El rol del profesor es fomentar el diálogo entre los estudiantes y lograr su implicación en su propio proceso de aprendizaje, actuando como mediador y como potenciador del aprendizaje. Se presentan propuestas para incorporar este método de enseñanza aprendizaje y se evalúan los resultados en un grupo de alumnos de primer curso

Reports between information and factual entertainment: Enviado especial, En el punto de mira and Comando actualidad

In recent years, areas within Spanish television mix information with entertainment have proliferated with much variety by using real television. This has caused many areas to call themselves reporting programmes and/or documentaries, which in fact are full of elements of which should have an informative purpose but sadly entertainment comes first. The objective of this study is to observe to what extent this hybridization of information and entertainment in modern Spanish reporting. In order to do this, a qualitative analysis must be carried out on three formats of success within their respective channels –Comando Actualidad (TVE-1), En el punto de mira (Cuatro) and Enviado Especial (La sexta)– over a period of two seasons. After the analysis it can be concluded that in the case studies and contrary to popular belief, the information is placed ahead of entertainment in terms of its importance

Profile of TREM2-derived circRNA and mRNA variants in the entorhinal cortex of Alzheimer's disease patients

Genetic variants in TREM2, a microglia-related gene, are well-known risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here, we report that TREM2 originates from circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel class of non-coding RNAs characterized by a covalent and stable closed-loop structure. First, divergent primers were designed to amplify circRNAs by RT-PCR, which were further assessed by Sanger sequencing. Then, additional primer sets were used to confirm back-splicing junctions. In addition, HMC3 cells were used to assess the microglial expression of circTREM2s. Three candidate circTREM2s were identified in control and AD human entorhinal samples. One of the circRNAs, circTREM2_1, was consistently amplified by all divergent primer sets in control and AD entorhinal cortex samples as well as in HMC3 cells. In AD cases, a moderate negative correlation (r = −0.434) was found between the global average area of Aβ deposits in the entorhinal cortex and circTREM2_1 expression level. In addition, by bioinformatics tools, a total of 16 miRNAs were predicted to join with circTREM2s. Finally, TREM2 mRNA corresponding to four isoforms was profiled by RTqPCR. TREM2 mRNA levels were found elevated in entorhinal samples of AD patients with low or intermediate ABC scores compared to controls. To sum up, a novel circRNA derived from the TREM2 gene, circTREM2_1, has been identified in the human entorhinal cortex and TREM2 mRNA expression has been detected to increase in AD compared to controls. Unraveling the molecular genetics of the TREM2 gene may help to better know the innate immune response in AD.This work was supported by the Spanish Government through grants from the Institute of Health Carlos III (FIS PI20/01701). In addition, AUC received two grants “Doctorados industriales 2018–2020” and “Contrato predoctoral en investigación en ciencias y tecnologías de la salud en el periodo 2019–2022”, both of them founded by the Government of Navarra, and MM received a grant Programa de intensificación- (LCF/PR/PR15/51100006) founded by Fundación Bancaria la Caixa and Fundación Caja-Navarra, and Contrato de Intensificación from the Institute of Health Carlos III (INT19/00029)

Electrochemical Metallization with Ni(II) from 5,10,15,20- Tetraquis(p-hydroxiphenyl)porfirin

The electro-synthesis of a nickel metalloporphyrin by using the 5,10,15,20-tetraquis(phydroxyphenyl)porphyrin (TPPOH) as binding agent is reported. Before the electrosynthesis, cyclic voltammetry technique was applied to establish the best conditions for the electrochemical reduction of the porphyrin to the di-anion radical. The electrosynthesis of the metalloporphyrin was done under the conditions found from voltammetry. The electrolysis was performed in a non-divided cell, with a nickel sacrificial anode and at controlled potential, in order to favouring the chemical formation of the metal-complex by reaction between the porphyrin dianion radical and Ni(II) ions, both of them electro-generated during the process. The effect of the use of an ultrasonic wave of 20 kHz in the metalloporphyrin electro-synthesis process was studied. The porphyrin, of free base, and the products obtained in both the absence and the presence of ultrasonic were characterized through Atomic Absorption, UV-Visible, IR and elemental analysis. The results of this characterization make available to establish that the process leads to the formation of the metalloporphyrin of Ni(II) with TPPOH, with an electrolytic efficiency greater than 80%. The application of the 20 kHz ultrasonic wave at the amplitude of the study favoured the yield of the reaction and did not lead to changes in the electrochemical mechanism

Positivity, entanglement entropy, and minimal surfaces

The path integral representation for the Renyi entanglement entropies of integer index n implies these information measures define operator correlation functions in QFT. We analyze whether the limit $n\rightarrow 1$, corresponding to the entanglement entropy, can also be represented in terms of a path integral with insertions on the region's boundary, at first order in $n-1$. This conjecture has been used in the literature in several occasions, and specially in an attempt to prove the Ryu-Takayanagi holographic entanglement entropy formula. We show it leads to conditional positivity of the entropy correlation matrices, which is equivalent to an infinite series of polynomial inequalities for the entropies in QFT or the areas of minimal surfaces representing the entanglement entropy in the AdS-CFT context. We check these inequalities in several examples. No counterexample is found in the few known exact results for the entanglement entropy in QFT. The inequalities are also remarkable satisfied for several classes of minimal surfaces but we find counterexamples corresponding to more complicated geometries. We develop some analytic tools to test the inequalities, and as a byproduct, we show that positivity for the correlation functions is a local property when supplemented with analyticity. We also review general aspects of positivity for large N theories and Wilson loops in AdS-CFT.Comment: 36 pages, 10 figures. Changes in presentation and discussion of Wilson loops. Conclusions regarding entanglement entropy unchange