Does Electricity Consumption affect Economic Growth in Bangladesh?

This research attempts to uncover the relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth in Bangladesh adopting co-integration and causality analysis using time series data spanning from 1972 to 2011. It takes under consideration the variables Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Electricity Consumption (EC) and Carbon dioxide emission (CO2) to fulfill the research objective. Adopting Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron (PP) tests of unit root, it is observed that the first differences of all the three variables are stationary which indicates that the variables are co-integrated of order 1. The trace test and maximum Eigen value of Johansen co-integration test confirm that all the variables are co-integrated with one co-integrating vector. Besides, using Impulse Response Functions (IFRs) of Vector Auto-regression (VAR), the possible forecasting for the relationship of the variables has been performed. The empirical result based on Granger F-test reveals existence of unidirectional causality running from Electricity Consumption (EC) to Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Electricity Consumption (EC) to Carbon dioxide emission (CO2) and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) to Carbon dioxide emission (CO2) without having any reverse causation. Thus, it implies that Electricity Consumption (EC) affects both Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Carbon dioxide emission (CO2) and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) drives only Carbon dioxide emission (CO2) in short run without feedback in the long run

Exploring Agri Business Potential in Tripura through Fruits and Vegetable Production

The agro climatic condition of Tripura offers immense potential for production of number of tropical and sub tropical fruits and vegetables. Major horticulture produce comprises fruits (48.6%) and vegetables (48.3%) (2013-14). Fruit and vegetable are important component of the food items of the state. The production of fruits and vegetables provide  gainful  employment  for  small  farmers  and  agricultural  labour throughout  the  year. Foreign exchange can be earned by exporting the raw and processed form of fruits and vegetables. The production of both fruits and vegetables are increasing significantly at a growth of 3.86 and 13.36 per cent over the last decades. In this study an attempt was made to estimate the marketable surplus of fruits and vegetables for exploring the agri business potentiality. The secondary data on production of fruits and vegetable in the state over the decade (2001-2014) were collected from Economic Review of Tripura. Compound growth rate and regression analysis was done to achieve the objective. The supply of fruits and vegetables was estimated considering the future production using regression method of forecasting. Similarly, demand for fruits and vegetables were estimated considering the recommended amount of fruits (100gm) and vegetable (150gm) per person per day in the state. An amount of 10 per cent was assumed as post harvest loss. The results showed that there is significant marketable surplus of both fruits and vegetables in the coming four years (upto 2021) showing the possibility of value addition to this surplus amount through establishing processing units in the state that would help to boost farmers’ income and employment. However, government initiatives along with growers and processors interest needs to be developed for exploring the vast potentiality of this sector in the state

AUTO-CDD: automatic cleaning dirty data using machine learning techniques

Cleaning the dirty data has become very critical significance for many years, especially in medical sectors. This is the reason behind widening research in this sector. To initiate the research, a comparison between currently used functions of handling missing values and Auto-CDD is presented. The developed system will guarantee to overcome processing unwanted outcomes in data Analytical process; second, it will improve overall data processing. Our motivation is to create an intelligent tool that will automatically predict the missing data. Starting with feature selection using Random Forest Gini Index values. Then by using three Machine Learning Paradigm trained model was developed and evaluated by two datasets from UCI (i.e. Diabetics and Student Performance). Evaluated outcomes of accuracy proved Random Forest Classifier and Logistic Regression gives constant accuracy at around 90%. Finally, it concludes that this process will help to get clean data for further analytical process

Leak Detection in Long Pipelines Systems

Leakage in any fluid distribution network or conveying systems results in consumption of resources and time, and its impacts affect the on the environment and the profits for any asset owner. Moreover, a sufficient and applicable leak detection system, especially, in the oil/gas industry, comes at a high cost and time consuming, sometimes affects the system’s productivity. Because of its simplicity and encouraging results from the theoretical, experimental and real field tests, the water hammer phenomenon promises shows great benefits. This work has tried to utilise the routine transient events, raising the pump flow rate, to detect the leak. Also, it attempted to draw on some successful theoretical techniques, the cross-correlation and its second derivative, to apply on a real field system. To achieve that, some theoretical and experimental stages had to be carried out first. The real system was scaled theoretically to form a laboratory apparatus, so it could be fitted in a Contaminant Ingress into Distribution Systems (CID) laboratory at the University of Sheffield. The leak approach was tested by means of a numerical code for this design before construction of the rig. Then, the experimental rig was completed and the data collected from it. In the real field system, the shortage in the data frequency is an obstacle to applying the approach. The researcher’s colleagues tried their best to improve the data acquisition system to meet the requirements. Although the improvement made to the system in terms of the time precision was impressive, the sample frequency increment was under the desirable level. The signal analysis approach was worked as expected theoretically, empirically the results were limited. Some trials were conducted to enhance the signal features. Later, some issues were raised and clarifications were added

Design, development and evaluation of immediate release gliclazide tablets

The aim of the current study was the design, development and optimization of oral immediate release solid dosage forms of gliclazide tablets, intended for rapid action within 30 min, formulated and optimized by in vitro drug release method comparing with reference tablet Diamicron (Servier Lab.). For fast breakdown and rapid dissolution of tablets three different disintegrants (sodium starch glycolate, kollidone CL, and dried maize starch) were used with same percentage (2 %) in the formulations; sodium starch glycolate provide very fast release of gliclazide from tablets in pH 7.4. Two different compression methods, direct compression and wet granulation, were employed in the study. The in vitro drug release profile was better for directly compressed gliclazide tablets, but the flow properties of gliclazide were very poor, which causes high weight variation. Wet granulation method provided tablets of good physical parameters: two types of tablets with different hardness (8-10 kg/cm2 and 5-7 kg/cm2 ) were prepared to observe the effect of compressional forces on drug dissolution and the later one exhibits short disintegration time and rapid dissolution of gliclazide. Friability and weight variation were found within the acceptable range. Incorporation of anionic surfactant in combination with sodium starch glycolate or kollidone CL in the formulation the dissolution rate. In comparison with reference tablet, formulation containing 2 % sodium starch glycolate and 1 % sodium lauryl sulphate with other excipients as lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, povidone K-30, Mg stearate and colloidal silicon dioxide provide better dissolution. Shelf life of the formulated tablets were determined by utilizing stress condition (40 °C and 75 % Relative humidity for 3 months) and found more than 2.5 year in room condition.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Efficiency of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for the enhancement of rice growth

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are beneficial bacteria that colonize plant roots and enhance plant growth by a wide variety of mechanisms. The use of PGPR is steadily increasing in agriculture and offers an attractive way to replace chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and supplements. Here, we have isolated and characterized the PGPR from the rhizosphere soil of rice field for the enhancement of growth of rice. Rhizosphere soils were collected from different areas of Mymensingh inBangladesh. Ten isolates of bacteria, designated as PGB1, PGB2, PGB3, PGB4, PGB5, PGT1, PGT2, PGT3, PGG1 and PGG2, were successfully isolated and characterized. Subsequently, to investigate the effects of PGPR isolates on the growth of rice, a pot culture experiment was conducted. Prior to seeds grown in plastic pots, seeds were treated with PGPR isolates and seedlings were harvested after 21days of inoculation. Isolates PGB4, PGT1, PGT2, PGT3, PGG1 and PGG2 induced the production of indole acetic acid (IAA), whereas only PGT3 isolate was able to solubilize phosphorus. Most of isolatesresulted in a significant increase in plant height, root length, and dry matter production of shoot and root of rice seedlings. Furthermore, PGPR isolates remarkably increased seed germination of rice.Among the ten isolates, PGB4 and PGG2 were found almost equally better in all aspects such as dry matter production, plant height and root length of rice, and IAA production. Isolate PGT3 was alsofound to be promising in IAA production having an additional property of phosphate solubilization. The present study, therefore, suggests that the use of PGPR isolates PGB4, PGG2 and PGT3 as inoculantbiofertilizers might be beneficial for rice cultivation as they enhanced growth of rice, and induced IAA production and phosphorus solubilization

Design, development and evaluation of immediate release gliclazide tablets

The aim of the current study was the design, development and optimization of oral immediate release solid dosage forms of gliclazide tablets, intended for rapid action within 30 min, formulated and optimized by in vitro drug release method comparing with reference tablet Diamicron (Servier Lab.). For fast breakdown and rapid dissolution of tablets three different disintegrants (sodium starch glycolate, kollidone CL, and dried maize starch) were used with same percentage (2 %) in the formulations; sodium starch glycolate provide very fast release of gliclazide from tablets in pH 7.4. Two different compression methods, direct compression and wet granulation, were employed in the study. The in vitro drug release profile was better for directly compressed gliclazide tablets, but the flow properties of gliclazide were very poor, which causes high weight variation. Wet granulation method provided tablets of good physical parameters: two types of tablets with different hardness (8-10 kg/cm2 and 5-7 kg/cm2 ) were prepared to observe the effect of compressional forces on drug dissolution and the later one exhibits short disintegration time and rapid dissolution of gliclazide. Friability and weight variation were found within the acceptable range. Incorporation of anionic surfactant in combination with sodium starch glycolate or kollidone CL in the formulation the dissolution rate. In comparison with reference tablet, formulation containing 2 % sodium starch glycolate and 1 % sodium lauryl sulphate with other excipients as lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, povidone K-30, Mg stearate and colloidal silicon dioxide provide better dissolution. Shelf life of the formulated tablets were determined by utilizing stress condition (40 °C and 75 % Relative humidity for 3 months) and found more than 2.5 year in room condition.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Opportunistic Relay Selection over Generalized Fading and Inverse Gamma Composite Fading Mixed Multicast Channels : A Secrecy Tradeoff

This work was supported in part by the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Korean Government, Ministry of Science and ICT, under Grant ICT-NRF-2020R1A2B5B02002478; and in part by Sejong University through its Faculty Research Program under Grant 20212023.Peer reviewedPublisher PD