Stellar Subsystems of the Galaxy NGC 2366

Hubble Space Telescope archive data are used to perform photometry of stars in seven fields at the center and periphery of the galaxy NGC2366. The variation of the number density of stars of various ages with galactocentric radius and along the minor axis of the galaxy are determined. The boundaries of the thin and thick disks of the galaxy are found. The inferred sizes of the subsystems of NGC2366 ($Z_{thin} = 4$ kpc and $Z_{thick} = 8$ kpc for the thin and thick disks, respectively) are more typical for spiral galaxies. Evidence for a stellar halo is found at the periphery of NGC2366 beyond the thick disk of the galaxy.Comment: 16 pages, 4 figures, Astronomy Reports, 2008,v. 52, n.1, p. 1

Nature of the wilt of carnations caused by Pseudomonas caryophylli, The

Includes bibliographical references (pages 52-54).June, 1952

Prise en charge des troubles dépressifs résistants : recommandations françaises formalisées par des experts de l’AFPBN et de la fondation FondaMental

International audienc

Clinical guidelines for the management of depression with specific comorbid psychiatric conditions French recommendations from experts (the French Association for Biological Psychiatry and Neuropsychopharmacology and the fondation FondaMental)

International audienceBackground: Recommendations for pharmacological treatments of major depression with specific comorbid psychiatric conditions are lacking. Method: The French Association for Biological Psychiatry and Neuropsychopharmacology and the fondation FondaMental developed expert consensus guidelines for the management of depression based on the RAND/ UCLA Appropriatneness Method. Recommendations for lines of treatment are provided by the scientific committee after data analysis and interpretation of the results of a survey of 36 psychiatrist experts in the field of major depression and its treatments. Results: The expert guidelines combine scientific evidence and expert clinician's opinion to produce recommendations for major depression with comorbid anxiety disorders, personality disorders or substance use disorders and in geriatric depression. Conclusion: These guidelines provide direction addressing common clinical dilemmas that arise in the pharmacologic treatment of major depression with comorbid psychiatric conditions

Clinical guidelines for the management of treatment-resistant depression: French recommendations from experts, the French Association for Biological Psychiatry and Neuropsychopharmacology and the fondation FondaMental

International audienceBackground: Clear guidance for successive antidepressant pharmacological treatments for non-responders in major depression is not well established.Method: Based on the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method, the French Association for Biological Psychiatry and Neuropsychopharmacology and the fondation FondaMental developed expert consensus guidelines for the management of treatment-resistant depression. The expert guidelines combine scientific evidence and expert clinicians’ opinions to produce recommendations for treatment-resistant depression. A written survey comprising 118 questions related to highly-detailed clinical presentations was completed on a risk-benefit scale ranging from 0 to 9 by 36 psychiatrist experts in the field of major depression and its treatments. Key-recommendations are provided by the scientific committee after data analysis and interpretation of the results of the survey.Results: The scope of these guidelines encompasses the assessment of pharmacological resistance and situations at risk of resistance, as well as the pharmacological and psychological strategies in major depression.Conclusion: The expert consensus guidelines will contribute to facilitate treatment decisions for clinicians involved in the daily assessment and management of treatment-resistant depression across a number of common and complex clinical situations

Cognitive impairments in treatment-resistant depression: Results from the French cohort of outpatients (FACE-DR)

International audienceIntroductionPrevious studies set out cognitive impairments in major depression. However, only two studies were performed among patients suffering from treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and conducted on limited sample sizes. Here, we aimed to characterize cognitive impairments in TRD, and their association with the severity of depression and daily functioning.MethodWe included 288 patients suffering from TRD (178 women, 52.5 ± 13.1 years old). They undertook sociodemographic, clinical, daily functioning and neuropsychological testing (TMT, Baddeley task, verbal fluencies, WAIS-4 subtests, D2 and RLRI-16). We compared our patients’ performances to theoretical performances of the general population.ResultsTRD was associated with poorer neuropsychological performances, except for similarities task. We found an effect of depression severity on processing speed and memory, and an impact on daily functioning affecting memory, selective attention and executive function.ConclusionPatients suffering from TRD have significant cognitive impairments. Therapeutic interventions should be developed to manage such impairments

Recommendations of the treatment-resistant depression expert center network for promoting tobacco smoking cessation based on the results from the real-world FACE-TRD national cohort

Background: Tobacco smoking has been associated with suicide, impulsivity and depression in non-clinical populations with differences across sexes. Objective: To determine the role of tobacco smoking in Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) according to sex in a precision-medicine approach. Method: The FACE-TRD cohort is a national cohort of TRD patients recruited in 13 resistant depression expert centers between 2014 and 2021 and followed-up at 6 months. A standardized one-day long comprehensive battery was carried out, including trained-clinician and patient-reported outcomes, and patients were reevaluated at 6 months on their smoking and psychiatric hospitalization outcomes. Results: 355 TRD participants were included (222 women). The smoking rate was much higher in TRD women compared to the French general population (34% vs 24%) while it was comparable for men (approximately 29%). In multivariate analyses, compared to non-smoking women, female smokers had significantly increased number of lifetime psychiatric hospitalizations (standardized beta B = 0.232, p = 0.014) and electro-convulsive therapy (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.748, p = 0.005), increased suicidal ideations (aOR = 4.047, p = 0.031), history of suicide attempt (aOR = 1.994, p = 0.033), and increased impulsivity (B = 0.210, p = 0.006) and were more frequently treated by benzodiazepines (aOR = 1.848, p = 0.035) and third- or fourth-line TRD treatments (antipsychotics aOR = 2.270, p = 0.006, mood stabilizers aOR = 2.067 p = 0.044). Tobacco smoking at baseline was predictive of psychiatric hospitalization within 6 months in persistent smoking women (aOR = 2.636, p = 0.031). These results were not replicated in men, for whom tobacco smoking was only associated with increased clinician-rated and self-reported depressive symptoms (respectively B = 0.207, p = 0.022 and B = 0.184, p = 0.048). The smoking cessation rate at 6 months was higher in women than in men (12% vs. 7%). No patient was administered nicotine substitute or varenicline at the two timepoints. Interpretation: Combining these results and those of the literature, we recommend that active tobacco cessation should be promoted in TRD to improve depression, suicide and impulsivity especially in women. Female smokers appear as a specific population with heavier mental health outcomes that should be specifically addressed. © 2021 Elsevier Inc