IMPLEMENTASI ETIKA ISLAM DALAM BERBISNIS

This paper aims to uncover the ethical values of Islam contained in business activities. Good or bad behavior is a reflection of human life, both individually and in groups. This behavior is also commonly found in business activities. The purpose of doing business is to make a profit. But sometimes the desire to cover up human reason and do losses by doing business. The basic law of doing business in Islam is permissible, unless there is a prohibition from Allah. A number of prohibited acts in doing business such as; take usury, cheat, reduce the scale, hoard merchandise, take the property of others, monopoly, betrayal, perjury, and speculation. In Islam, a number of ethics that we usually encounter in business include; stay away from business goods or illicit activities, stay away from the element of fraud, buying and selling halal, fair, honesty, keep promises, write transactions that are not cash, agree, leave the business when prayer times and pay zakat arrives. In Islamic ethics it does not invite an entrepreneur just to pursue profit, but a blessing. That the benefits are reasonable and not excessive. Business benefits according to Islam are not only material but also immaterial. Business is also not only a container associated with humans alone but also related to Allah. As a number of the words of Allah contained in QS an-Nissa (4): 29, al-Baqarah (2): 282; at-Taubah (9): 24; an-Nuur (24): 37; Fatir (35): 29; al-Saff (61): 10, and al-Jumu'ah (62): 11. Keywords: implementation, ethics, Islam, Busines

INKLUSI KEUANGAN; SOLUSI PENGENTASAN KEMISKINAN GUNA DAYA SAING PEREKONOMIAN BANGSA

Artikel ini bertujuan mengkaji secara detik konsep inklusi keuangan dalam kaitannya dengan solusi pengentasan kemiskinan guna daya saing perekonomian bangsa. Inklusi keuangan Indonesia oleh data hasil Survei Nasional Inklusi Keuangan tahun 2016 cenderung memiliki indeks inklusi keuangan yang tinggi. Provinsi DKI Jakarta adalah yang terbaik karena memiliki indeks literasi keuangan yang tinggi yaitu 40,0% dan indeks inklusi keuangan 78,2%. Sebaliknya, Provinsi Papua Barat memiliki indeks inklusi keuangan yang relatif rendah. Walaupun indeks inklusi cukup tinggi, namun jumlah provinsi yang di atas rata-rata tidaklah banyak. Itu artinya masih diperlukan upaya bersama untuk mendorong agar semua provinsi di Indonesia memiliki indeks inklusi keuangan yang tinggi. Solusi untuk mengatasi kemiskinan dan daya saing ekonomi bangsa, memposisikan sektor perbankan untuk meningkatkan penyaluran kredit, terutama kredit investasi yang produktif dengan memegang teguh prinsip manajemen resiko. Perlu mempromosikan kesadaran keuangan, khususnya untuk keluarga berpenghasilan rendah. Hal ini dapat membantu mereka menghindari utang, meningkatkan kegiatan ekonomi mereka, meningkatkan pendapatan keluarga dan melepaskan diri dari kemiskinan. Penerapan inklusi keuangan dapat diterapkan melalui pembayaran sosial kelompok miskin, pemberian kredit dengan skema yang compatible dengan usaha mikro dan kecil disertai dengan penjaminan dana perbankan, serta layanan keuangan digital. Secara keseluruhan, inklusi keuangan merupakan salah satu strategi dalam pencapaian pertumbuhan inklusif yang pada akhirnya akan mereduksi ketimpangan yang ada di masyarakat dan mengurangi tingkat kemiskinan. Keyword: Inklusi keuangan, kemiskinan, daya sain

Inklusi keuangan syariah masjid untuk pemberdayaan ekonomi umat: studi multikasus pada Masjid Jogokariyan Yogyakarta, Masjid Al-Falah Surabaya, dan Masjid Sabilillah Malang

Penelitian ini bertujuan menjawab permasalahan tentang praktik inklusi keuangan syariah masjid dan relasinya dengan pemberdayaan ekonomi umat yang menjadi fungsi sosial masjid.Jenis penelitian kualitatif menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus dengan instrumental tunggal atau berfokus hanya pada satu isu “Inklusi Keuangan Syariah Masjid” yang kemudian dianalisis secara holistik dengan setting penelitian pada Masjid Jogokariyan Yogyakarta, Al-Falah Surabaya, dan Sabilillah Malang. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan pengamatan, wawancara, dan telaah dokumen. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 1. Praktik Inklusi Keuangan syariah di Masjid Jogokariyan Yogyakarta, Al-Falah Surabaya, dan Sabilillah Malang sudah dilakukan. Indikator akses dilakukan melalui LAZIS/BAZIS, Baitul Mal, Koperasi Masjid, dan Yayasan tanpa melibatkan lembaga keuangan formal maupun pemerintah. Lembaga-lembaga ini mudah dijangkau oleh masyarakat sasaran inklusi. Dari indikator penggunaan Masjid Jogokariyan dan Sabilillah Malang bersifat konsumtif-produktif sementara Masjid Al-Falah lebih bersifat konsumtif. Skema pembiayaan ketiga masjid adalah al-qardh al-hasan, qardh, hibah. Namun Masjid Sabilillah melalui koperasi masjid juga menerapkan skema pembiayaan murabahah, bai’ bitsamanil ajil. Untuk mendapatkan pembiayaan syarat yang diajukan ketiga masjid ini berbeda-beda. Melalui lembaga yang ada ketiga masjid sudah memberi pembiayaan kepada masyarakat sasaran yang tidak memiliki rekening di bank dengan memberikan pembiayaan uang tunai tanpa bunga dan agunan. Jumlah penerima bantuan sosial dan akses pembiayaan dari tahun ke tahun mengalami peningkatan secara kuantitas namun dari sisi total pembiayaan masih terkesan minim karena keterbatasan dana masjid. Indikator kualitas dari segi konsumsi masyarakat dapat terpenuhi sementara produktif cukup optimal terutama Masjid Sabilillah Malang. 2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya relasi yang kuat antara inklusi keuangan dengan memanfaatkan instrumen syariah ZISWAF dengan pemberdayaan ekonomi umat yang menjadikan masjid sebagai fungsi sosial, baik secara geografis, klas sosial, dan kekuatan ekonomi. Relasi ini dapat dilihat dari akses masyarakat menyangkut kebutuhan dasar, layanan pendidikan, kesehatan, dan mobilisasi sosial. Inklusi keuangan yang memanfaatkan instrumen syariah ZISWAF pada Masjid Jogokariyan Yogyakarta dan Masjid Sabilillah Malang dapat menjadi protetype bagi masjid lainnya di Indonesia dalam pelaksanaan inklusi keuangan sekaligus sebagai solusi pemberdayaan ekonomi umat dan membantu pemerintah dalam mengentaskan kemiskinan

Role of Visual Language in Marketing: Build and Implement Branding Identity on Mini-Market

This study aimed to gain a deeper understanding of the impact of visual language on building and sustaining a strong brand in the mini-market industry. Qualitative research has shown that visual language can have a powerful impact on consumer behavior and purchasing decisions. For example, the choice of colors, images, and symbols can evoke specific emotions and associations, influencing how consumers perceive and interact with the brand. This, in turn can impact brand loyalty, as consumers are more likely to return to brands that they perceive as being trustworthy and consistent. The use of visual language in branding is particularly important for mini markets, as these businesses compete in a crowded and highly competitive industry. By using visual language to create a strong brand image and establish brand associations, mini-markets can differentiate themselves from competitors, build a loyal customer base, and establish a strong reputation in the marketplace

Determinants of Community Decisions To Lend Money To Loaners

Purpose: To meet the needs of the public, the government has provided an official financial institution, which is subject to a certain series of administrations with all the calculations. The problem is that not all community members understand access to finance at these financial institutions. There are Islamic banking, BMT, and Sharia KSPPS, but in borrowing money they choose moneylenders. This problem is influenced by the ease of borrowing money from moneylenders, which are more flexible and the method of payment can be adjusted according to a special agreement between the customer and the moneylender. Disbursement of funds that can be done at any time according to the time needed, without being bound by conditions that are considered complicated by the customer. As a form of compensation, the interest charged by moneylenders is high and burdensome for the borrower. The risk of high-interest rates is often not taken into account by the borrower.   Design/Methodology/Approach: The method for developing public financial literacy is what the moneylender's practice as the object of observation. To be realized as an effort for educational methods is to conduct an analysis of moneylenders in the community and explore how people depend on moneylenders, evaluate financial behavior in the community, deconstruct financial behavior and re-conceptualize public financial behavior.   Findings: Socialization and acceleration of the marketing of financial products from the BMT, or official government financial institutions need to be carried out to prevent the level of community dependence on moneylenders, including by expanding financial literacy in the community, establishing management education methods, and implementing finance that is more inclusive in the community.   Research, Practical & Social Implications: The necessities of life for each individual in the community will certainly not be the same, to be able to fulfill the purpose of these needs it is financed by the availability of funds or financial means. There are members of the community who are relatively able to meet their financing needs, but not a few of the community have not met their needs.   Originality/Value: This study seeks to help the government and society in Indonesia to have a good education in terms of financial literacy, people need information and knowledge that currently in Indonesia there are many formal and legal financial institutions to help financial problems faced by people in Indonesia. Indonesian people are no longer just dependent on moneylenders or illegal financial institutions, which will instead trap them into new financial problems

Academic community's investment decision in sharia stock market: The impact of financial literacy

This study aims to determine the impact of Islamic financial literacy on the academic community at IAIN Ambon in investing in the Islamic capital market. The research methodology uses interpretive qualitative techniques. Data were collected through observation and in-depth interviews with the academic community who became informants who were determined using the purposive sampling technique. The results of the study revealed that the academic community of IAIN Ambon has high financial literacy because they received special education through investment courses and special Islamic capital markets for students, and training for lecturers and other staff, but it has not had a maximum impact on investment decisions in the Islamic capital market. The reason is that the implementation and assistance from the results of education and training are not carried out optimally. Another cause is the level of income and risk that the community thinks so that it creates boredom to invest

Association between variations in the TLR4 gene and incident type 2 diabetes is modified by the ratio of total cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), the signaling receptor for lipopolysaccharides, is an important member of the innate immunity system. Since several studies have suggested that type 2 diabetes might be associated with changes in the innate immune response, we sought to investigate the association between genetic variants in the <it>TLR4 </it>gene and incident type 2 diabetes.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A case-cohort study was conducted in initially healthy, middle-aged subjects from the MONICA/KORA Augsburg studies including 498 individuals with incident type 2 diabetes and 1,569 non-cases. Seven SNPs were systematically selected in the <it>TLR4 </it>gene and haplotypes were reconstructed.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The effect of <it>TLR4 </it>SNPs on incident type 2 diabetes was modified by the ratio of total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL-C). In men, four out of seven <it>TLR4 </it>variants showed significant interaction with TC/HDL-C after correction for multiple testing (p < 0.01). The influence of the minor alleles of those variants on the incidence of type 2 diabetes was observed particularly for male patients with high values of TC/HDL-C. Consistent with these findings, haplotype-based analyses also revealed that the effect of two haplotypes on incident type 2 diabetes was modified by TC/HDL-C in men (p < 10^-3). However, none of the investigated variants or haplotypes was associated with type 2 diabetes in main effect models without assessment of effect modifications.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>We conclude that minor alleles of several <it>TLR4 </it>variants, although not directly associated with type 2 diabetes might increase the risk for type 2 diabetes in subjects with high TC/HDL-C. Additionally, our results confirm previous studies reporting sex-related dissimilarities in the development of type 2 diabetes.</p

EULAR recommendations for the management of ANCA-associated vasculitis : 2022 update

Funding Information: The authors wish to thank the librarian Oliver Weiner (Medical Department of the Kiel University Library, Kiel, Germany) for advice and assistance during the SLR. DJ was supported by the NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre. Publisher Copyright: © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.Background: Since the publication of the EULAR recommendations for the management of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) in 2016, several randomised clinical trials have been published that have the potential to change clinical care and support the need for an update. Methods: Using EULAR standardised operating procedures, the EULAR task force undertook a systematic literature review and sought opinion from 20 experts from 16 countries. We modified existing recommendations and created new recommendations. Results: Four overarching principles and 17 recommendations were formulated. We recommend biopsies and ANCA testing to assist in establishing a diagnosis of AAV. For remission induction in life-threatening or organ-threatening AAV, we recommend a combination of high-dose glucocorticoids (GCs) in combination with either rituximab or cyclophosphamide. We recommend tapering of the GC dose to a target of 5 mg prednisolone equivalent/day within 4-5 months. Avacopan may be considered as part of a strategy to reduce exposure to GC in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) or microscopic polyangiitis (MPA). Plasma exchange may be considered in patients with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. For remission maintenance of GPA/MPA, we recommend rituximab. In patients with relapsing or refractory eosinophilic GPA, we recommend the use of mepolizumab. Azathioprine and methotrexate are alternatives to biologics for remission maintenance in AAV. Conclusions: In the light of recent advancements, these recommendations provide updated guidance on AAV management. As substantial data gaps still exist, informed decision-making between physicians and patients remains of key relevance.Peer reviewe

Fintech dalam Keuangan Islam: Teori dan Praktik

Book Chapter terkait fintech, namun untuk memberikan distingsi dengan kajian terdahulu, serta agar tidak terjadi reduplikasi pembahasan, diskursus fintech di sini akan ditinjau dari perspektif keuangan Islam yang holistik yang tersebar dalam 18 (delapan belas) pembahasan

ANCA-associated vasculitis.

The anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAVs) are a group of disorders involving severe, systemic, small-vessel vasculitis and are characterized by the development of autoantibodies to the neutrophil proteins leukocyte proteinase 3 (PR3-ANCA) or myeloperoxidase (MPO-ANCA). The three AAV subgroups, namely granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), microscopic polyangiitis and eosinophilic GPA (EGPA), are defined according to clinical features. However, genetic and other clinical findings suggest that these clinical syndromes may be better classified as PR3-positive AAV (PR3-AAV), MPO-positive AAV (MPO-AAV) and, for EGPA, by the presence or absence of ANCA (ANCA+ or ANCA-, respectively). Although any tissue can be involved in AAV, the upper and lower respiratory tract and kidneys are most commonly and severely affected. AAVs have a complex and unique pathogenesis, with evidence for a loss of tolerance to neutrophil proteins, which leads to ANCA-mediated neutrophil activation, recruitment and injury, with effector T cells also involved. Without therapy, prognosis is poor but treatments, typically immunosuppressants, have improved survival, albeit with considerable morbidity from glucocorticoids and other immunosuppressive medications. Current challenges include improving the measures of disease activity and risk of relapse, uncertainty about optimal therapy duration and a need for targeted therapies with fewer adverse effects. Meeting these challenges requires a more detailed knowledge of the fundamental biology of AAV as well as cooperative international research and clinical trials with meaningful input from patients