Positive taxis and sustained responsiveness to water motions in larval zebrafish

Larval zebrafish (Danio rerio) have become favored subjects for studying the neural bases of behavior. Here, we report a highly stereotyped response of zebrafish larvae to hydrodynamic stimuli. It involves positive taxis, motion damping and sustained responsiveness to flows derived from local, non-stressful water motions. The response depends on the lateral line and has a high sensitivity to stimulus frequency and strength, sensory background and rearing conditions—also encompassing increased threshold levels of response to parallel input. The results show that zebrafish larvae can use near-field detection to locate sources of minute water motions, and offer a unique handle for analyses of hydrodynamic sensing, sensory responsiveness and arousal with accurate control of stimulus properties

Otolith shape lends support to the sensory drive hypothesis in rockfishes

The sensory drive hypothesis proposes that environmental factors affect both signalling dynamics and the evolution of signals and receivers. Sound detection and equilibrium in marine fishes are senses dependent on the sagittae otoliths, whose morphological variability appears intrinsically linked to the environment. The aim of this study was to understand if and which environmental factors could be conditioning the evolution of this sensory structure, therefore lending support to the sensory drive hypothesis. Thus, we analysed the otolith shape of 42 rockfish species (Sebastes spp.) to test the potential associations with the phylogeny, biological (age), ecological (feeding habit and depth distribution) and biogeographical factors. The results showed strong differences in the otolith shapes of some species, noticeably influenced by ecological and biogeographical factors. Moreover, otolith shape was clearly conditioned by phylogeny, but with a strong environmental effect, cautioning about the use of this structure for the systematics of rockfishes or other marine fishes. However, our most relevant finding is that the data supported the sensory drive hypothesis as a force promoting the radiation of the genus Sebastes. This hypothesis holds that adaptive divergence in communication has significant influence relative to other life history traits. It has already been established in Sebastes for visual characters and organs; our results showed that it applies to otolith transformations as well (despite the clear influence of feeding and depth), expanding the scope of the hypothesis to other sensory structures.Fil: Tuset, V. M.. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; EspañaFil: Otero Ferrer, J. L.. Universidad de Vigo; EspañaFil: Gómez Zurita, J.. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; España. Universitat Pompeu Fabra; EspañaFil: Venerus, Leonardo Ariel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico; ArgentinaFil: Stransky, C.. Thunen Institute of Sea Fisheries; AlemaniaFil: Imondi, R.. Coastal Marine Biolabs; Estados UnidosFil: Orlov, A. M.. Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography; Rusia. A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution; Rusia. Dagestan State University; RusiaFil: Ye, Z.. Ocean University of China; ChinaFil: Santschi, L.. Coastal Marine Biolabs; Estados UnidosFil: Afanasiev, P. K.. Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography; RusiaFil: Zhuang, L.. Ocean University of China; ChinaFil: Farré, M.. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; EspañaFil: Love, M.S.. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Lombarte, A.. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; Españ