Implementasi Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah Dalam Peningkatan Mutu Pendidikan Agama Islam (Studi Kasus di SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Surakarta Tahun 2011/2012)

Pemberian kewenangan penuh kepada sekolah dan guru dalam mengatur, merencanakan, mengorganisasi, mengawasi, mempertanggungjawabkan, dan memimpin sumber daya insani serta barang-barang untuk membantu pelaksanaan pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan tujuan sekolah merupakan inti dari konsep manajemen berbasis sekolah (MBS). SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Surakarta adalah salah satu lembaga pendidikan swasta yang saat ini sudah menerapkan manajemen berbasis sekolah. hal ini didasari dengan adanya partisifasi masyarakat yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas sekolah pada umumnya, dan peningkatan mutu pendidikan Agama Islam pada khususnya. Dari latar belakang tersebut, penulis tertarik untuk meneliti lembaga ini dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan manajemen berbasis sekolah dan peningkatan mutu pendidikan agama Islamnya. Bagaimanakah manajemen diterapkan dalam peningkatan mutu pendidikan agama Islamnya, serta adakah faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam pelaksanaan manajemen berbasis sekolah dan peningkatan mutu pendidikan agama Islam. Jenis penelitian ini termasuk penelitian lapangan, adapun pendekatan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Dalam pengumpulan data penulis menggunakan metode observasi, interview, dan dokumentasi. Adapun penelitian ini dianalisis dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Surakarta adalah lembaga pendidikan swasta yang sangat menonjolkan sekolah yang berasaskan Islam yaitu memadukan kurikulum nasional dengan diniyyah, sarana prasarana yang cukup baik, manajemen tenaga kependidikan dalam perekrutan guru pendidikan agama Islam, menerapkan syarat-syarat dan tes, serta yang berbasic lulusan pesantren, dll. Lembaga tersebut juga telah memiliki pola manajerial yang baik dan sesuai dengan kosep manajemen berbasis sekolah. dibuktikan dengan adanya kelengkapan komponen manajemen sekolah serta konsep kepemimpinan yang terbuka dan demokratis. Faktor pendukung diantaranya adalah dari masyarakat, hal ini dengan banyaknya animo masyarakat untuk memasukan putra-putrinya manjadi siswa di lembaga tersebut. Meskipun demikian dalam pelaksanaan manajerialnya terdapat beberapa kekurangan yang harus di perbaiki, diantaranya adalah kurang sumber dana dan dukungan orang tua dan siswa

Syntactic mistakes and errors in students’ conversation at Boarding School Babussalam Islamic Education Center

This thesis is entitled “Syntactic Mistakes and Errors in students Conversation at Boarding School Babus Salam Islamic Education Center”. The research has been conducted based on the researcher’s interest in syntactic mistakes and errors, which are frequently produced by students in conversation at Babus Salam Boarding School. The purposes of conducting this research are to describe the syntactic mistakes and errors that occurred in its syntactic function and to know the most frequent occurrence between syntactic mistakes and errors. The method used in this research is descriptive method. Qualitative research is used for data collecting through conversation, recording and crossing check the transcripts of every participant that consist of eight students in second grade of senior high school level from different classes; four students are male and four students are female. The results of the study show that syntactic errors occurs in the function of subject, verb, object, and complement, while syntactic mistakes occurs in the function of verb and object. Syntactic errors also occurred for lack of subject, verb and object. The syntactic mistakes also occurred for lack of subject and verb. From the total number of sentences, syntactic errors appears more than syntactic mistakes, syntactic errors are contained in 126 sentences, and syntactic mistakes are contained in 58 sentences

The Role of Marine Sponges in Carbon and Nitrogen Cycles of Coral Reef and Nearshore Environments

Sponges and their microbial consortia can alter the water quality of the surrounding environment through animal and hosted microbial chemical transformations resulting from their dynamic pumping, water filtration, and respiration processes. The goal of this dissertation was to quantify the role of these organisms in the cycles of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) on reefs and representative environments of Florida Bay and describes five principle findings: 1) the abundant coral reef sponge Xestospongia muta satisfies the bulk of its respiration oxygen (O2) demand through uptake of dissolved organic carbon, and this species removed C in excess of O2 demand which is presumed to be reserved for cellular maintenance, growth, and the generation of reproductive materials. 2) Respiration activities in this species yielded a tremendous flux of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), and the rate of this N release appeared to be broadly conserved between Floridian and Bahamian reefs. 3) The magnitude and speciation of exhalent DIN from species tested in Florida Bay showed similar rates of N efflux as those on the reef, yet the remineralization of particulate organic matter appears to be the dominant feedstock for the observed N release. 4) The N released from these species represented a dominant source of N to a budget calculated for an offshore basin in Florida Bay (Mystery Basin). 5) Bloom conditions swept through Mystery Basin decimating sponge populations and water column N, and yielded significant and lasting changes to the chemical and ecological structure of the system. These results indicated that sponges have the capacity to alter local water quality through the observed C and N transformations mediated by the holobiont (sponge and associated microbiome), and further suggests that they can drastically impact ecosystems where their populations dominate.Doctor of Philosoph

Analisis Kandungan Serat Pangan (Dietary Fiber) Dan Iodium Mie Basah Rumput Laut (Eucheuma Cottonii) Di Ukm Sri Tanjung Dan Ukm Tiga Putra

Salah satu permasalahan kesehatan yang terjadi di Indonesia adalah kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat terhadap kandungan gizi makanan khususnya mie. Padahal, mie merupakan makanan yang sering dikonsumsi oteh masyarakat Indonesia setelah nasi. Adapun jenis mie yang beredar di masyarakat Indonesia adalah mie dengan bahan baku utama yaitu tepung terigu dengan komposisi kimia pada umumnya sedikit mengandung iodium serta rendah kandugan serat pangannya (Dietry fiber). Dari penjelasan tersebut ada korelasi antara tingginya tingkat konsumsi mie dengan gangguan yang disebabkan oleh kandungan mie dengan jumlah iodium dan serat pangan (Dietry fiber) yang rendah. Guna memenuhi kebutuhan gizi masyarakat Indonesia UKM Sri Tanjung dan UKM Tiga Putra melakukan inovasi dengan mensubtitusikan tepung ruput laut kedalam pembuatan mie basah tetapi kandungan gizinya belum diketahui. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan serat pangan (Dietry fibe) dan iodium pada rumput laut Eucheuma cottonii di UKM Sri Tanjung Kecamatan Wongsorejo Kabupaten Banyuwangi dan UKM Tiga Putra Kecamatan Pasirian Kecamatan Lumajang Provinsi Jawa Timur. Metode penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Penelitian deskriptif merupakan metode penelitian yang berusaha menggambarkan dan menginterpretasi objek sesuai dengan apa adanya. Penelitian ini juga sering disebut noneksperimen, karena pada penelitian ini tidak melakukan control dan manipulasi variable penelitian. Hasil Peneliti kadar serat pangan UKM Sri Tanjung Lebih Tinggi dari pada UKM Tiga Putra dengan kadar serat pangan yaitu 20.003%, kadar 'odium 2,63% dan kadar karbohidrat 20,033% sedangkan kadar serat pangan UKM Tiga Putra yaitu 18,475%, kadar iodium 2,41 dan kadar karbohidrat 19,97%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ml yaitu Kandungan serat pangan (dietary fiber) dan iodium pada mie yang di produksi oleh UKM Sri Tanjung dan UKM Tiga Putra memiliki kandungan yang relatif sama dimana kadar serat pangan yaitu 20.003%, kadar iodium 2,63% dan kadar karbohidrat 20,033% sedangkar kadar serat pangan UKM Tiga Putra yaitu 18,475%, kadar 'odium 2,41 dan kada karbohidrat 19,97%. Saran pada penelitian analisis kandungan serat pangal (dietary fiber) dan iodium mie basah rumput taut Eucheum cottonii di UKM Tanjung dan UKM Tiga Putra diharapkan untuk penelitian selanjutnya tertebi dahulu dilakukan pengujian terhadap bahan baku dasar yaitu tepung rumput tat dan dilanjutkan dengan pengujian mutu produk

PENGARUH PERBANDINGAN ETANOL, ASAM SITRAT DAN AIR PADA EKSTRAKSI ZAT WARNA KULIT JENGKOL (PITHECELLOBIUM JIRINGAN) TERHADAP RENDEMEN DAN KARAKTERISTIK ZAT WARNA YANG DIHASILKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbandingan etanol, asam sitrat dan air pada ekstraksi zat warna kulit jengkol terhadap rendemen dan karakteristik zat warna yang dihasilkan. Penelitian terdiri dari dua tahap yaitu tahap I adalah ekstraksi zat warna kulit jengkol dengan pelarut campuran etanol, asam sitrat dan air (5:1:25; 10:1:20; 15:1:15; 20:1:10 dan 25:1:5). Penelitian tahap I ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktor tungal dengan 3 kali ulangan. Data dianalisa menggunakan statistik ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) dengan taraf 5%. Parameter pengujian yang digunakan adalah analisa konsentrasi antosianin, intensitas warna, analisa pH ekstrak, rendemen, analisa sisa pelarut dan penentuan perlakuan terbaik. Penelitian tahap II. Stabilitas pigmen antosianin kulit jengkol terhadap pengaruh pH, kadar gula, kadar garam, suhu pemanasan dan lama pemanasan. Hasil penelitian tahap I menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan terbaik adalah pada perlakuan perbandingan etanol : asam sitrat : air = 25 : 1 : 5 dengan pH ekstrak 2,7 dan polaritas 33,7 menghasilkan ekstrak warna dari kulit jengkol (konsentrasi antosianin) tertinggi yaitu 15,5665 mg/L. Hasil penelitian tahap II, menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak warna dari kulit jengkol stabil pada kondisi pH 3 – 5, terjadi penurunan stabilitas seiring dengan bertambahnya konsentrasi gula, masih stabil pada kadar garam sampai 8%, terjadi penurunan stabilitas pada pemanasan sampai suhu 80°C, masih stabil pada lama pemanasan sampai 30 menit, namun mengalami penurunan stabilitas pada lama pemanasan lebih dari 30 menit

CHCHD4 confers metabolic vulnerabilities to tumour cells through its control of the mitochondrial respiratory chain.

BACKGROUND: Tumour cells rely on glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to survive. Thus, mitochondrial OXPHOS has become an increasingly attractive area for therapeutic exploitation in cancer. However, mitochondria are required for intracellular oxygenation and normal physiological processes, and it remains unclear which mitochondrial molecular mechanisms might provide therapeutic benefit. Previously, we discovered that coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain-containing protein 4 (CHCHD4) is critical for regulating intracellular oxygenation and required for the cellular response to hypoxia (low oxygenation) in tumour cells through molecular mechanisms that we do not yet fully understand. Overexpression of CHCHD4 in human cancers correlates with increased tumour progression and poor patient survival. RESULTS: Here, we show that elevated CHCHD4 expression provides a proliferative and metabolic advantage to tumour cells in normoxia and hypoxia. Using stable isotope labelling with amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) and analysis of the whole mitochondrial proteome, we show that CHCHD4 dynamically affects the expression of a broad range of mitochondrial respiratory chain subunits from complex I-V, including multiple subunits of complex I (CI) required for complex assembly that are essential for cell survival. We found that loss of CHCHD4 protects tumour cells from respiratory chain inhibition at CI, while elevated CHCHD4 expression in tumour cells leads to significantly increased sensitivity to CI inhibition, in part through the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). CONCLUSIONS: Our study highlights an important role for CHCHD4 in regulating tumour cell metabolism and reveals that CHCHD4 confers metabolic vulnerabilities to tumour cells through its control of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and CI biology

Dissolved inorganic nitrogen fluxes from common Florida Bay (U.S.A.) sponges

Sponge biomass represents the largest heterotrophic component of benthic biota in the Florida Bay ecosystem. These organisms can significantly alter the water quality of their surrounding environment through biogeochemical transformations of nutrient elements resulting from their dynamic pumping, water filtration, and respiration processes. Ammonium (NH4 +) and nitrate plus nitrite (NO3 − + NO2 −; NOx −) fluxes were obtained for 11 ecologically important species at three sites within Florida Bay, Florida (U.S.A.) utilizing chamber incubations on undisturbed individual sponges. Significant dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) effluxes ranging between 9.0 ± 2.2 μmol N h−1 Lsponge −1 and 141 ± 26 μmol N h−1 Lsponge −1 were observed for eight of the 11 tested sponges; specifically, from six of eight tested high-microbial abundance (HMA) sponges, and from two of three tested low-microbial abundance (LMA) sponges. The abundant HMA species Chondrilla nucula showed the highest, volume-normalized rate of DIN release. These fluxes represent a continuation of the previously observed dichotomy in the chemical speciation of DIN in exhalent waters of LMA and HMA sponges, with NH4 + and NOx − dominating their respective exhalent jets. Surprisingly, we found that dissolved organic matter (DOM) appeared to make a negligible contribution to the total released N, but we hypothesize that the lack of DOM utilization or production was due to methodological limitations. Our flux data combined with sponge biomass estimates indicate that sponges, particularly HMA species, are a large, and potentially dominant, source of inorganic nitrogen to Florida Bay waters

Peran Kepala Sekolah Dalam Peningkatan Mutu Pendidikan Agama Islam Melalui Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah di SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Surakarta Tahun 2012/2013

Peran kepala sekolah dalam peningkatan mutu pendidikan agama Islam melalui manajemen berbasis sekolah di SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Surakarta tahun 2012/2013. Adapun rumusan masalah yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini adalah: Bagaimanakah peran kepala sekolah dalam peningkatan mutu pendidikan agama Islam melalui manajemen berbasis sekolah di SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Surakarta tahun 2012/2013? Bagaimanakah peran guru PAI dalam peningkatan mutu pendidikan agama Islam melalui manajemen berbasis sekolah di SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Surakarta tahun 2012/2013? Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah; Untuk mendeskripsikan peran kepala sekolah dalam peningkatan mutu pendidikan agama Islam melalui manajemen berbasis sekolah di SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Surakarta. Untuk mendeskripsikan peran guru PAI dalam peningkatan mutu pendidikan agama Islam melalui manajemen berbasis sekolah di SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Surakarta. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif, karena peneliti langsung menggali data di lapangan. Bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran kepala sekolah dalam peningkatan mutu pendidikan agama Islam melalui Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah dengan lokasi penelitian ini di SMA Muhammadiyah 3 Surakarta, subjek study kepada kepala sekolah dan guru PAI. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Adapun analisis data dilakukan dengan empat tahapan yaitu pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian tentang, peran kepala sekolah dalam peningkatan mutu pendidikan agama Islam melalui manajemen berbasis sekolah adalah kepala sekolah sebagai pemimpin (leader), motivator, inovator, edukator, dan supervisor. Adapun peran guru PAI dalam peningkatan mutu Pendidikan Agama Islam melalui manajemen berbasis sekolah, adalah dalam penyampaian materi menggunakan metode variasi, mengikuti peningkatan kompotensi guru, mendampingi siswa dalam ekstrakulikuler keagamaan, memberikan bimbingan dan teladan bagi siswa, dan memberikan motivasi bagi siswa

Consumption of dissolved organic carbon by Caribbean reef sponges

Sponges are conspicuous and abundant within the benthic fauna on Caribbean reefs. The ability of these organisms to efficiently capture carbon from particulate sources is well known and the importance of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) uptake has been recognized for several species. We surveyed DOC ingestion by seven sponge species common to Florida Keys reefs using nondisruptive sampling methods on undisturbed individuals. Three of the seven species exhibited significant DOC removal ranging from 13% to 24% of ambient concentrations. The tested species that removed DOC host large microbial consortia within their tissues, while the converse was observed for those that did not. This divergent behavior may suggest an important role for sponge associated microbes in the utilization of DOC by these species. The feeding behaviors of individuals of Xestospongia muta were then monitored over time to investigate its respiratory consumption of particulate and DOC. The uptake rates of dissolved oxygen (DO) and organic carbon by two undisturbed individuals revealed that DOC represented 96% of removed C, and that the tested individuals removed approximately equal quantities of C and DO. This demonstrates that X. muta largely satisfies its respiration demands through DOC consumption, and that DOC likely represents the dominant C source for biomass production and cell overturn in this species. These results further illustrate the metabolic importance of DOC to sponges, and suggest that these organisms are an important pathway for remineralizing organic matter on Caribbean reefs

Perceptions of Growth Monitoring and Promotion Among an International Panel of District Medical Officers

The growth chart has been proposed as an educational tool to make the child's growth visible to both health workers and caregivers and to enhance communication between them. In the case of growth faltering, this would trigger timely corrective measures. Although the relevance of growth monitoring and promotion (GMP) has often been questioned in the literature, opinions of District Medical Officers responsible for local implementation of GMP are unknown. The aim of this qualitative research was to explore the perceptions and difficulties of an international panel of District Medical Officers regarding GMP. As an exploratory study, in-depth interviews of an international panel of District Medical Officers (n=19) were conducted. Data were coded using the QSR Nudist 5.0 software. A discrepancy between intended purposes and practice of GMP was detected at two levels. First, lack of participation of care-givers was reported. Second, the District Medical Officers expressed a restrictive interpretation of the concept of growth monitoring. The communication with parents was never reported as a means or a result of GMP, neither as an evaluation criterion of programme efficiency. The growth chart was mainly considered a tool intended to be used by health services for the purpose of diagnosis. This two-fold discrepancy between the intention of international policy-planners and practice of local programme implementers could be a crucial factor affecting the performance of GMP. More emphasis should be put on social communication and involvement of caregivers