5,161 research outputs found
Enhancing quantum entanglement for continuous variables by a coherent superposition of photon subtraction and addition
We investigate how the entanglement properties of a two-mode state can be
improved by performing a coherent superposition operation of photon subtraction
and addition, proposed by Lee and Nha [Phys. Rev. A 82, 053812 (2010)], on each
mode. We show that the degree of entanglement, the EPR-type correlation, and
the performance of quantum teleportation can be all enhanced for the output
state when the coherent operation is applied to a two-mode squeezed state. The
effects of the coherent operation are more prominent than those of the mere
photon subtraction and the addition particularly in the small squeezing regime,
whereas the optimal operation becomes the photon subtraction in the
large-squeezing regime.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures, published versio
Typical collapse modes of confined masonry buildings under strong earthquake loads
Confined masonry structures are a widely applied structural system in many developing countries. During the past Wenchuan Earthquake in 2008, numerous confined masonry buildings collapsed, while many others suffered damage. This study reviews the construction practices of confined masonry buildings in China. Simple models and hand calculation methods are proposed for quantifying the tearing failure of diaphragms, the tensile failure of tie-columns and the sway-mode strength of masonry buildings. The results indicate very good agreement with field observations. The seismic measures that are stipulated in the seismic design codes are very effective for increasing the strength and integrity, but not the ductility of masonry buildings. For those buildings that survived the earthquake, strength rather than ductility protected the confined masonry from collapse or serious damage. Design recommendations are suggested for preventing various types of premature failures and enhancing the lateral strength of masonry buildings. © Su et al.published_or_final_versio
The Extremely High-Velocity Outflow from the Luminous Young Stellar Object G5.89-0.39
We have imaged the extremely high-velocity outflowing gas in CO (2-1) and
(3-2) associated with the shell-like ultracompact HII region G5.89-0.39 at a
resolution of ~3" (corresponding to ~4000 AU) with the Submillimeter Array. The
integrated high-velocity (>45 km/s) CO emission reveals at least three
blueshifted lobes and two redshifted lobes. These lobes belong to two outflows,
one oriented N-S, the other NW-SE. The NW-SE outflow is likely identical to the
previously detected Br_gamma outflow. Furthermore, these outflow lobes all
clearly show a Hubble-like kinematic structure. For the first time, we estimate
the temperature of the outflowing gas as a function of velocity with the large
velocity gradient calculations. Our results reveal a clear increasing trend of
temperature with gas velocity. The observational features of the extremely
high-velocity gas associated with G5.89-0.39 qualitatively favor the jet-driven
bow shock model.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ Letter
Free Vibration of Layered Circular Cylindrical Shells of Variable Thickness Using Spline Function Approximation
Free vibration of layered circular cylindrical shells of variable thickness is studied
using spline function approximation by applying a point collocation method. The shell is
made up of uniform layers of isotropic or specially orthotropic materials. The equations
of motions in longitudinal, circumferential and transverse displacement components, are
derived using extension of Love's first approximation theory. The coupled differential
equations are solved using Bickley-type splines of suitable order, which are cubic and
quintic, by applying the point collocation method. This results in the generalized
eigenvalue problem by combining the suitable boundary conditions. The effect of
frequency parameters and the corresponding mode shapes of vibration are studied with
different thickness variation coefficients, and other parameters. The thickness variations
are assumed to be linear, exponential, and sinusoidal along the axial direction. The results
are given graphically and comparisons are made with those results obtained using finite
element method
Design optimization of coil gun to improve muzzle velocity
Recently, a coil gun was brought to the attention of engineering community as electromagnetic alternative to the chemical launchers. Various studies were performed on coil gun systems focused on achieving the high muzzle velocity in military applications and for satellite launching. Most of these studies focused on improvement of muzzle velocity via increase in the size of the coil gun. Present paper describes the process of design optimization where the size of the coli gun system is restricted. The design of experiment approach utilizes the orthogonal array table that reduces the required number of experiments. The design of experiment is carried out with a commercial PIAnO tool, where the finite element analysis is performed at each experimental point. Then, Kriging model is created to achieve accurate approximation in problems of many design variables or strongly nonlinear model. The coil gun is optimally designed using an evolutionary algorithm (EA) as optimization technique. In order to verify the improvement of muzzle velocity by optimal design, the prototypes of coil gun system are manufactured and the experiments to launch the projectile are performed
Quantum linear amplifier enhanced by photon subtraction and addition
A deterministic quantum amplifier inevitably adds noise to an amplified
signal due to the uncertainty principle in quantum physics. We here investigate
how a quantum-noise-limited amplifier can be improved by additionally employing
the photon subtraction, the photon addition, and a coherent superposition of
the two, thereby making a probabilistic, heralded, quantum amplifier. We show
that these operations can enhance the performance in amplifying a coherent
state in terms of intensity gain, fidelity, and phase uncertainty. In
particular, the photon subtraction turns out to be optimal for the fidelity and
the phase concentration among these elementary operations, while the photon
addition also provides a significant reduction in the phase uncertainty with
the largest gain effect.Comment: published version, 7 pages, 9 figure
An Envelope Disrupted by a Quadrupolar Outflow in the Pre-Planetary Nebula IRAS19475+3119
IRAS 19475+3119 is a quadrupolar pre-planetary nebula (PPN), with two bipolar
lobes, one in the east-west (E-W) direction and one in the southeast-northwest
(SE-NW) direction. We have observed it in CO J=2-1 with the Submillimeter Array
at ~ 1" resolution. The E-W bipolar lobe is known to trace a bipolar outflow
and it is detected at high velocity. The SE-NW bipolar lobe appears at low
velocity, and could trace a bipolar outflow moving in the plane of the sky. Two
compact clumps are seen at low velocity around the common waist of the two
bipolar lobes, spatially coincident with the two emission peaks in the NIR,
tracing dense envelope material. They are found to trace the two
limb-brightened edges of a slowly expanding torus-like circumstellar envelope
produced in the late AGB phase. This torus-like envelope originally could be
either a torus or a spherical shell, and it appears as it is now because of the
two pairs of cavities along the two bipolar lobes. Thus, the envelope appears
to be disrupted by the two bipolar outflows in the PPN phase.Comment: 23 pages, 8 figure
Quantum metastability in time-periodic potentials
In this paper we investigate quantum metastability of a particle trapped in
between an infinite wall and a square barrier, with either a time-periodically
oscillating barrier (Model A) or bottom of the well (Model B). Based on the
Floquet theory, we derive in each case an equation which determines the
stability of the metastable system. We study the influence on the stability of
two Floquet states when their Floquet energies (real part) encounter a direct
or an avoided crossing at resonance. The effect of the amplitude of oscillation
on the nature of crossing of Floquet energies is also discussed. It is found
that by adiabatically changing the frequency and amplitude of the oscillation
field, one can manipulate the stability of states in the well. By means of a
discrete transform, the two models are shown to have exactly the same Floquet
energy spectrum at the same oscillating amplitude and frequency. The
equivalence of the models is also demonstrated by means of the principle of
gauge invariance.Comment: 15 pages, 7 figure
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