Screening of future carbon storage sites – selecting the best spots

Subsurface carbon storage can occur in depleted oil and gas fields, in water-wet structures, or in open aquifers. All three types of storage sites present advantages and inconveniences, which will be reviewed in this talk. The selection of future sites for carbon storage balances storage capacity (how much CO2 can be stored), injectivity (how efficiently or fast CO2 can be stored), and containment risk (how safely CO2 can be stored). We present a rigorous uncertainty-based approach involving estimates of pore volume, pressure and temperature conditions and resulting fluid properties, and sealing and containment behaviour, to highlight areas with best potential for safe and effective carbon storage

Sloshing mitigation using vertical cylindrical baffle

This study has looked into the phenomenon of liquid vibrations in a rigid cylindrical container. The impacts of rigid vertical baffle positioned in the container on frequencies have been examined. The container is partially filled with an impermeable and non-viscous fluid. ANSYS software is used to report the mode shapes of the baffle and fluid domain

Study on bearing mechanical and thermal characteristic evolvement rules affected by higher ambient temperature

In this paper, the bearing mechanical characteristics and thermal characteristics as it is running under constant speed (2400 r/min) and constant temperature (100 ℃) adopting bearing mechanical-thermal coupling model built on the basis of quasi-statics and elastohydrodynamic lubrication theory are discussed. Among which, the contact deformation between ball and inner/outer ring has same evolution law, besides, the same as the amplitude. Whose curve shape changes in the form of “circular-oblique D”, its amplitude rearches minimum value at 10thd3h between the location of 120° and 270°. The curve shapes belonging to contact angular between ball and inner/outer ring are similar to “circular”. There is opposite trend of them within the range of 90-300°. The amplitude of contact angular between ball and outer ring is the minimum at 10thd3h and 11thd1h. At the same time, the amplitude of that between ball and inner ring is the maximum. The evolution rules of contact stiffness between ball and inner/outer ring are generally consistent, which are similar to “crab”. But the amplitude of that between ball and outer ring is dominant. The maximum value of them occurs at 10thd3 and 11thd1h. The evolvement tendency of node temperatures maintains stable. Thereinto, the temperature of inner ring equals to that of contact location between ball and inner ring, which is the maximum value. It is obvious that ME, MD, MS, MCB, MCR and MOil devote themselves to heat production, the contribution rates of ME, MS, MCB and MCR are 100 %, the contribution rate of MD ranges from 52.6 % to 65.2 %. However, the amplitudes of friction moments have the opposite trend compared to “heat contribution factor”. The expansion amount owing to heat production is dominant in displacement variation and the effect of clearance on displacement can be ignored, whose evolution rules are contrary. The evolution rules of oil film thickness and oil film stiffness between ball and inner/outer ring are alike. Among which, the oil film thickness between ball and outer ring is dominant, its maximum value emerges at 10thd3h. The curve shapes of oil film stiffness between ball and outer/inner ring are oblique “D”, their amplitudes reach the maximum at 11thd1h-11thd3h

Damage localization in beams based on the analysis of modal parameters

This paper presents a two-step method for damage localization in beams by combining natural frequencies and mode shapes. The general locations of the damage are first identified from an indicator developed using relative natural frequency change (RNFC) curves and the values of RNFCs. A curvature-mode-shape-based method is then utilized to determine the specific location of the damage in the second step. The proposed two-step method is verified by detecting damage in a simulated simply-supported beam. The identified damage location agrees well with the actual damage location. A strategy for fast and accurate damage localization based on general localization using natural frequencies and specific localization using mode shapes is the main novelty of the paper

Recycling technology of old cement concrete pavement in highways

Through the practice of a highway pavement overhaul project, the feasibility of the old concrete pavement recycling scheme in terms of technology, economy and sustainable development is analyzed. The dynamic characteristics of concrete pavement were tested. The results show that crushing the old concrete panels into recycled aggregates and then re-use them not only eliminates the negative impact on the ecological environment caused by the land occupation of waste aggregates and needs to be disposed of, but also promotes the recycling of engineering waste and reduces the project cost. The pavement paved with recycled cement concrete can basically achieve the same dynamic performance as the pavement paved with conventional concrete

Measurement of natural frequency and mechanical damping of thin brass diaphragm by pulsed laser generated vibrations

Damped harmonic oscillator model based fitting of nanosecond pulsed laser induced amplitude variations of clamped vibrating circular plate is used to estimate the mechanical damping and natural frequency of the sample in current work. Laser Pulses of 50 mJ energy, 20 ns duration, and focused at a spot of 4 mm diameter at the center of the circular thin brass sheet of 100 µm thickness is used to generate vibrations in the target. Quadrature Michelson interferometer (QMI) with CW laser focused on the opposite side of the target surface is used to measure the amplitude of vibrations. Variations of fringe frequencies are identified in the frequency domain. Finite element based numerical modal analyses are also performed in ANSYS Workbench for the verification of experimental results for the same geometry and materials. Experimental frequencies of vibrations are found to match nearly 2 percent of FEM modes. Moreover, Elastic parameters are also found using the first two mode frequencies and a reasonable agreement is observed while comparing with the elastic parameter data of brass. Current work in itself is a unique attempt of getting mechanical parameters for the determination of elastic parameters in a single laser pulse impulse excited measurement for thin clamped targets

Active damping control of HEVs using Ansys and Matlab/Simulink software

This paper presents Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) powertrain design as well as a motor-based control approach that is designed to control or reduce driveline oscillations by introducing a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller and a Fuzzy logic sliding mode controller. Because the torque of the electric motor can be decreased or increased more quickly than that of the Internal Combustion Engine (ICE), the vibration increases significantly. To solve this problem, an electric motor control-based Active Damping Control (ADC) strategy is employed to assure smooth driveline function and provide seamless driving experience for the driver. First, the basic level modeling of a hybrid electric powertrain in Ansys Simplorer environment is created and the performance was studied during the certification drive cycle. Thus, the main components of the powertrain– traction motor, battery and ICE – are researched, and basic models were built. The components were developed based on the Ansys software by using an automotive system level behavioral HEV library with VHDL-AMS language built in Ansys Simplorer environment. In addition, comparison of both controllers was presented. The simulation results show that using the ADC reduces more than 30 % of the driveline oscillations, thereby improving the drivability of HEVs

Identification of initial fault time for bearing based on monitoring indicator, WEMD and Infogram

Rolling element bearing is a core component in the rotating machine. The performance of the whole machine is mainly dominated by the performance condition of the rolling element bearing. The Initial Fault Time (IFT) is a beginning landmark of the unhealthy condition of bearings. In order to identify accurately and rapidly the IFT under the weak fault signatures and heavy background noise, an identification method of the IFT is proposed by the monitoring indicator and envelope analysis with Weighted Empirical Mode Decomposition (WEMD) and Infogram. The monitoring indicator is constructed by the variation coefficient of the summation of the multiple standardized statistical features of the vibration signal. The approximate IFT can be obtained by the minimum before the early stage of the continuous increase in the monitoring indicator. Whereafter, a more accurate IFT can be detected by envelope analysis with WEMD and Infogram based on interval-halving backtracking strategy. The proposed method is verified by the tested dataset provided by Intelligent Maintenance System (IMS). The results show that the proposed method is efficient, rapid and simple for identifying the IFT

Equivalent stiffness calculation of composite hat stiffened laminate

The stiffness is the main reason that restricts the large-scale of composite ships, the basis to solve this problem is to solve the stiffness of composite ships’ skeleton structure. Based on classical laminates theory, this paper calculated the equivalent in-plane stiffness and bending stiffness of composite hat stiffened laminate using equivalent stiffness principle. The hat stiffened laminate can be simplified and equivalent to orthotropic laminates using this solution idea, which solves the problem that it is difficult to obtain the analytical solutions of deformation, stress and strain of stiffened laminate. The research results can be used to calculate the stiffness of composite stiffened laminate and the local or global stiffness of the hull girder with such a skeleton structure