Effects of Temperature and Crowding on the Pathogenicity of Edwardsiella ictaluri in Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)

Channel catfish were injected with Edwardsiella ictaluri and stocked at increasing temperatures and densities. Bacteriological examination of kidney, liver and spleen revealed the greatest numbers of organisms in fish from the highest temperature and stocking density tested. Survival time was the shortest for fish held at the highest temperature and stocking density. Increased temperature and crowding were directly proportional to the number of organisms recovered from the organs and inversely proportional to fish survival time

Distribution of Naegleria fowleri in Selected Northeast Arkansas Lakes

Seven northeast Arkansas recreational lakes were examined for the presence of pathogenic and nonpathogenic Naegleria fowleri. Cultural differentiation and microscopic morphology were used as species determining tests, while mouse pathogenicity tests were conducted to determine virulence. Only one isolate met all criteria utilized for definite identification of Naegleria fowleri, although Naegleria type organisms were found in all of the lakes. None of the isolates were pathogenic in mice

Prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi, the Lyme Disease Spirochete, in Ticks and Rodents in Northeast Arkansas

Lyme disease, caused by the spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi, has been reported from 36 of Arkansas\u27 75 counties. Ticks and wild rodents from nine northeast Arkansas counties were surveyed to determine the prevalence of Borrelia infection in potential tick vectors and reservoir host populations. In direct immunofluorescent assays with murine monoclonal antibody H5332, specific for B. burgdorferi, detected a 2.1% rate of infection for the 638 ticks surveyed and an 11.8% infectivity rate for the 102 rodents surveyed

Effects of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide on Plasma Corticosterone Concentrations and Body Temperatures of New Zealand Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Twelve New Zealand rabbits were injected with Salmonella typhosa endotoxin, 10 ng/kg b.w. ,via an auricular marginal vein and the effects of the pyrogen on the rectal temperatures and plasma corticosterone concentrations of these animals were observed. Our data showed significant increases of the core temperatures from the normal 39.3 +/- 0.18 to 40.9 +/- 0.43 C (p \u3c 0.001). Radioimmunoassay results of the plasma corticosterone levels were 5.76 +/- 3.7 ug/100 ml in the pre-injection blood samples and 9.02 +/- 3.7 ug/100 ml in the plasmas obtained from the animals, one hour after the pyrogen was administered. The increase of corticosterone was significant (

Deciphering the roles of lncRNAs in breast development and disease

© Charles Richard et al. Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer related deaths in women. It is therefore important to understand the mechanisms underlying breast cancer development as well as raises the need for enhanced, non-invasive strategies for novel prognostic and diagnostic methods. The emergence of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as potential key players in neoplastic disease has received considerable attention over the past few years. This relatively new class of molecular regulators has been shown from ongoing research to act as critical players for key biological processes. Deregulated expression levels of lncRNAs have been observed in a number of cancers including breast cancer. Furthermore, lncRNAs have been linked to breast cancer initiation, progression, metastases and to limit sensitivity to certain targeted therapeutics. In this review we provide an update on the lncRNAs associated with breast cancer and mammary gland development and illustrate the versatility of such lncRNAs in gene control, differentiation and development both in normal physiological conditions and in diseased states. We also highlight the therapeutic and diagnostic potential of lncRNAs in cancer