Diferencias Regionales en Rendimiento Educativo en España: ¿La Familia lo Explica Todo?

PISA 2006 results showed huge differences in educational attainment across Spanish regions. The aim of this paper is to analyze the factors explaining these differences. Our results indicate that differences in family characteristics of students from different regions are crucial in explaining them. However, we also find that differences in regional educational systems are important factors explaining differences in education outcome. The variables related to regional particularities of the educational system are important in explaining the different results in different academic areas. The implications in terms of educational policies of the latter result are many, especially for the implementation of policies to reduce regional economic disparities.PISA; Rendimiento educativo; Análisis Regional; Descomposición de las diferencias; Sistema educativo; Políticas Públicas.

Does grade retention affect achievement? Some evidence from Pisa

Grade retention practices are at the forefront of the educational debate. In this paper, we use PISA 2009 data for Spain to measure the effect of grade retention on students’achievement. One important problem when analyzing this question is that school outcomes and the propensity to repeat a grade are likely to be determined simultaneously. We address this problem by estimating a Switching Regression Model. We find that grade retention has a negative impact on educational outcomes, but we confirm the importance of endogenous selection, which makes observed differences between repeaters and non-repeaters appear 14.6% lower than they actually are. The effect on PISA scores of repeating is much smaller (-10% of non-repeaters’average) than the counterfactual reduction that non-repeaters would suffer had they been retained as repeaters (-24% of their average). Furthermore, those who repeated a grade during primary education suffered more than those who repeated a grade of secondary school, although the effect of repeating at both times is, as expected, much larger

Factibilidad en la creación de una empresa de turismo personalizable y hospedaje en la región de Aysén

Tesis (Ingeniero Civil Industrial)Chile es un país maravilloso y digno de recorrer por cualquier visitante del mundo, su atractivo natural es conocido en todos los continentes y cada vez es más el público que necesita ser atendido por sus necesidades de alojo o guía para las rutas. Ya sean viajeros provenientes desde Chile o desde el extranjero, estos hacen que el rubro del turismo aporte un 10,1% del Producto Interno Bruto en 2016, revelando la importancia que ha cobrado esta industria en Chile Por lo tanto, los nuevos consumidores guiados por un cambio cultural que los incita a descubrir y recorrer nuevos lugares, hace que la falta de entidades facilitadoras en el cumplimiento de este deseo se haga notable en la Región de Aysén, creando una oportunidad de inversión y obtención de rentabilidad satisfaciendo las necesidades de clientes con un mayor poder adquisitivo y nivel de exigencia, promoviendo el turismo interno y receptivo en Chile

Herramientas SIG y de teledetección aplicadas al incendio de Las Peñuelas (Huelva): previsión de riesgo y valoración de daños

En la tarde del 24 de junio de 2017 se inició en las inmediaciones de Moguer (Huelva) el conocido como incendio de Las Peñuelas. Durante los tres días en que se mantuvo incontrolado, el fuego arrasó más de diez mil hectáreas, afectando seriamente al Parque Natural de Doñana. En este trabajo se realiza un estudio, haciendo uso de herramientas SIG y teledetección, del riesgo de incendio que existía en el área afectada el día de su inicio, mediante el contraste de algunas metodologías existentes para su cálculo. Asimismo, se realiza una valoración de los daños producidos por el siniestro, en términos de afectación a la economía agraria y a la flora.In the evening of the 24th of June, the fire known as Las Peñuelas forest fire started on the outskirts of Moguer (Huelva). During the three days that it remained out of control, the fire scorched more than ten thousand hectares, seriously damaging the Natural Park of Doñana. In this paper research has been carried out, making use of GIS tools and remote sensing, into the fire hazard that existed on the start date, using some existing methods for its computation. The damage caused by the incident, in terms of its impact on the agricultural economy and on the flora, is also evaluated.Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en Ingeniería Civi

Diseño geométrico de una carretera con viaducto en Civil 3D e Infraworks. Variante de la A-2304 en Alcalá de los Gazules (Cádiz)

En este Trabajo se plasma el proceso de diseño geométrico de una carretera con varios viaductos en Alcalá de los Gazules (Cádiz), empleando como herramientas principales Civil 3D e Infraworks. Para su definición, se empieza por definir los antecedentes y las características del entorno, que condicionan el diseño, tales como la ordenación territorial y la orografía. Tomando como referencia esta información se realiza un estudio de alternativas comparando entre tres propuestas diferentes diseñadas en Infraworks, teniendo en cuenta para su valoración parámetros como el impacto ambiental o una estimación del posible coste económico. La alternativa ganadora se exporta a Civil 3D y se ajusta su diseño conforme a las características deseadas (categoría de la carretera y sección tipo, fundamentalmente) y la Norma española de Trazado, procurando asimismo mantener al máximo la fidelidad al trazado original de la alternativa escogida. Finalmente, una vez definida la geometría, se generan reportes de geometría y movimientos de tierra mediante las herramientas nativas de Civil 3D, se generan los planos de planta, perfil longitudinal, sección tipo y varios perfiles transversales de muestra y se exporta de nuevo la carretera a Infraworks, donde se realizan los ajustes necesarios para realizar una presentación audiovisual, tanto en la propia carretera como en el entorno, procurando distorsionar lo menos posible el diseño obtenido en Civil 3D, y retocándose finalmente el vídeo generado mediante herramientas básicas de edición de vídeo y sonido en aras de obtener una grabación descriptiva y, al mismo tiempo, amena.In this document, the geometric design process of a road with several viaducts in Alcalá de los Gazules (Cádiz, Spain) is shown, using Civil 3D and Infraworks as main tools. The characterization of the road begins by defining the background and the characteristics of the environment, which condition the design, such as territorial planning and orography. Taking this information as a reference, a study of alternatives is carried out comparing three different proposals designed in Infraworks, taking into account for its evaluation parameters such as the environmental impact or an estimate of the possible economic cost. The winning alternative is exported to Civil 3D and its design is adjusted according to the desired characteristics (mainly road category and cross section) and the Spanish Road Design Standard, also trying to maintain maximum fidelity to the original layout of the chosen alternative. Finally, once the geometry is fixed, both geometry and earthwork reports are generated using the native tools of Civil 3D, and also the floor plans, longitudinal profile, type section and several sample cross sections are generated and the road is exported again to Infraworks, where the necessary adjustments are made to get an audiovisual presentation, both on the road itself and its environment, trying to distort the design obtained in Civil 3D as little as possible, and finally retouching the generated video using basic media editing tools in order to obtain a descriptive and, at the same time, pleasant recording.Universidad de Sevilla. Máster en Ingeniería de Caminos, Canales y Puertos

Passive noun-verb collocations in latin: iniuriam accipere

El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una aproximación a las colocaciones verbo-nominales que en latín expresan diátesis pasiva. En concreto, tomaremos como ejemplo la colocación “iniuriam accipere” (‘recibir una injusticia’), para analizar sus semejanzas y diferencias con la pasiva morfológica, a fin de mostrar que ambos son procedimientos distintos para la expresión de un mismo contenido diatético. Para los datos, nos basamos en un amplio corpus desde César a la “Historia Augusta”.The aim of this paper is to make an approximation to the verb-noun collocations in Latin that express passive diathesis. In particular, we will take as an example the collocation “iniuriam accipere”, to analyze its similarities and differences with the morphological passive, in order to show that both are different procedures for the expression of the same diathetic content. For the data, we rely on a wide corpus from Caesar to “Historia Augusta”

Eolianitas costeras del Pleistoceno superior en el "Sitio de Interés Científico de Tufia"(Gran Canarias):sedimentología, petrografía y aminocronología

Los niveles de eolianitas costeras de Tufia (Este de Gran Canaria) aparecen de forma dispersa en un área de 54,1 ha y presentan estratificaciones cruzadas de gran escala, bases erosivas, rizolitos y bandas con gasterópodos terrestres. Estos depósitos eólicos están constituidos por arenas de grano fino y, en menor medida, medio, y están entre bien y moderadamente seleccionadas. Los granos terrígenos predominan sobre los bioclastos en las eolianitas de Aguadulce y Botonera, y en los sedimentos de trasplaya, y tienen proporciones similares en las eolianitas de la Cantera. Entre los granos terrígenos destacan los fragmentos de rocas volcánicas básicas y de minerales ferromagnesianos, mientras que entre los bioclastos predominan las mallas de algas coralinas rojas y moluscos. Las edades definidas mediante análisis de racemización/epimerización de conchas de los géneros Theba y Hemicycla oscilan entre 31,2±6,2 y 39±8,8 Ka BP, por lo que son depósitos eólicos del Pleistoceno Superior, relacionados con las Aminozonas 3 y 4 establecidas para las Islas Canarias orientales y coincidentes con los Episodios de Heinrich 4 y 3. Por lo tanto, las eolianitas de Tufia se habrían formado durante una época de regresión marina y las dataciones corresponderían a la etapa isotópica OIS 3. Coastal aeolianite strata from Tufia (Eastern Gran Canaria Island) appear dispersed in an area of 54.1 hectares and they show large scale cross bedding, erosive bases, rhizoliths and terrestrial gastropod shells. These aeolian deposits are formed by fine grain sands and, in lower proportion, medium, and are between well and moderately sorted. The terrigenous grains predominate over bioclasts in the aeolianites of Aguadulce and Botonera, and in the backshore sediments, and these components appear in similar proportions at the Cantera. The volcanic basic rocks and ferromagnesian mineral fragments stand out as terrigenous grains, whereas, among bioclasts the red coralline algae and mollusc fragments predominate. The dates defined through racemization/epimerization analysis of Theba and Helicycla shells range between 31,2±6,2 y 39±8,8 Ka BP, that is why they are aeolian deposits of Upper Pleistocene, related to the 3 and 4 Aminozones established for oriental Canary Islands and coincident with 4 and 3 Heinrich Episodes. Therefore, Tufia aeoleanites would have been formed during a marine regression and the date would correspond with the OIS 3 isotopic stage

Does grade retention affect achievement? Some evidence from PISA

Grade retention practices are at the forefront of the educational debate. In this paper, we use PISA 2009 data for Spain to measure the effect of grade retention on students' achievement. One important problem when analyzing this question is that school outcomes and the propensity to repeat a grade are likely to be determined simultaneously. We address this problem by estimating a Switching Regression Model. We find that grade retention has a negative impact on educational outcomes, but we confirm the importance of endogenous selection, which makes observed differences between repeaters and non-repeaters appear 14.6% lower than they actually are. The effect on PISA scores of repeating is much smaller (-10% of non-repeaters' average) than the counterfactual reduction that non-repeaters would suffer had they been retained as repeaters (-24% of their average). Furthermore, those who repeated a grade during primary education suffered more than those who repeated a grade of secondary school, although the effect of repeating at both times is, as expected, much larger

A computational technique to predict the level of glucose of a diabetic patient with uncertainty in the short term

[EN] On advanced stages of the disease, diabetic patients have to inject insulin doses to maintain blood glucose levels inside of a healthy range. The decision of how much insulin is injected implies somehow to predict the level of glucose they will have after a certain time. Due to the sudden changes in the glucose levels, their estimation is a very difficult task. If we were able to give reliable estimations in advance, it would facilitate the process of taking therapeutic decisions to control the disease and improve the health of the patient. In this work, we present a technique to estimate the glucose level of a diabetic patient, capturing the measurement errors produced by continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGMSs), smart devices that measure glucose levels. To do that, we will use a model of glucose dynamics and we calibrate it with the aim to capture the glucose level data of the patient in a time interval of 30 minutes and the uncertainty given by the glucose measurement. Then, we use the calibrated parameters to predict the levels of glucose over the next 15 minutes. Repeating this procedure every 15 minutes, we are able to give short¿term accurate predictions.This work has been partially supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad under grant MTM2017-89664-P and RTI2018-095180-B-I00 and by Fundación Eugenio Rodriguez Pascual 2019 -GLENO ProjectBurgos Simon, C.; Cervigón, C.; Hidalgo, J.; Villanueva Micó, RJ. (2019). A computational technique to predict the level of glucose of a diabetic patient with uncertainty in the short term. Computational and Mathematical Methods. 2(2):1-11. https://doi.org/10.1002/cmm4.1064S11122(2004). Third-Party Reimbursement for Diabetes Care, Self-Management Education, and Supplies. Diabetes Care, 28(Supplement 1), S62-S63. doi:10.2337/diacare.28.suppl_1.s62Bloomgarden, Z. T. (2004). Consequences of Diabetes: Cardiovascular disease. Diabetes Care, 27(7), 1825-1831. doi:10.2337/diacare.27.7.1825BrownA.Time‐in‐range: what's an achievable goal with diabetes?2017.https://diatribe.org/time-range-whats-achievable-goal-diabetesFonseca, V. A., Grunberger, G., Anhalt, H., Bailey, T. S., Blevins, T., … Garg, S. K. (2016). CONTINUOUS GLUCOSE MONITORING: A CONSENSUS CONFERENCE OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGISTS AND AMERICAN COLLEGE OF ENDOCRINOLOGY. Endocrine Practice, 22(8), 1008-1021. doi:10.4158/ep161392.csChristiansen, M. P., Klaff, L. J., Brazg, R., Chang, A. R., Levy, C. J., Lam, D., … Bailey, T. S. (2018). A Prospective Multicenter Evaluation of the Accuracy of a Novel Implanted Continuous Glucose Sensor: PRECISE II. Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics, 20(3), 197-206. doi:10.1089/dia.2017.0142Bock, A., François, G., & Gillet, D. (2015). A therapy parameter-based model for predicting blood glucose concentrations in patients with type 1 diabetes. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 118(2), 107-123. doi:10.1016/j.cmpb.2014.12.002Acedo, L., Botella, M., Cortés, J. C., Hidalgo, J. I., Maqueda, E., & Villanueva, R. J. (2018). Swarm hybrid optimization for a piecewise model fitting applied to a glucose model. Journal of Systems and Information Technology, 20(4), 404-416. doi:10.1108/jsit-10-2017-0103Alegre-Sanahuja, J., Cortés, J.-C., Villanueva, R.-J., & Santonja, F.-J. (2017). Predicting mobile apps spread: An epidemiological random network modeling approach. SIMULATION, 94(2), 123-130. doi:10.1177/003754971771260

Psychological actions for tactical thinking development on solving tasks in school volleyball

The research aimed to design a proposal for psychological intervention actions that enable the development of tactical thinking in the solution of training and competition tasks, in school volleyball players of the EIDE “Cerro Pelado” of Camaguey For this purpose, it was based on the diagnosis of the individual features of consecutive thinking, flexibility, and speed, as well as the analysis of the decision-making process, in which the analysis and perception of the current defensive tactical game situation are related, with similar previous experiences to adopt the most appropriate solution, in athletes