64 research outputs found
Optical excitations of Si by time-dependent density-functional theory based on the exact-exchange Kohn-Sham band structure
We calculate the imaginary part of the frequency-dependent dielectric
function of bulk silicon by applying time-dependent density-functional theory
based on the exact-exchange (EXX) Kohn-Sham (KS) band structure and the
adiabatic local-density approximation (ALDA) kernel. The position of the E2
absorption peak calculated with the EXX band structure at the
independent-particle level is in excellent agreement with experiments, which
demonstrates the good quality of EXX `KS quasiparticles'. The excitonic E1 peak
that is missing at the independent-particle level remains absent if
two-particle interaction effects are taken into account within the
time-dependent LDA, demonstrating the incapability of the ALDA kernel to
describe excitonic effects.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures; contribution to "DFT 2001", Sep. 10-14, San
Lorenzo de El Escorial, Spain; to be published in Int. J. Quantum. Che
Equations for filling factor estimation in opal matrix
We consider two equations for the filling factor estimation of infiltrated
zinc oxide (ZnO) in silica (SiO_2) opal and gallium nitride in ZnO opal. The
first equation is based on the effective medium approximation, while the second
one - on Maxwell-Garnett approximation. The comparison between two filling
factors shows that both equations can be equally used for the estimation of the
quantity of infiltrated nanocrystals inside opal matrix.Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures, 1 table. Addendum to the article:
http://arxiv.org/abs/physics/050815
Analysis of ceramide metabolites in differentiating epidermal keratinocytes treated with calcium or vitamin C
Ceramides (Cer) comprise the major constituent of sphingolipids in the epidermis and are known to play diverse roles in the outermost layers of the skin including water retention and provision of a physical barrier. In addition, they can be hydrolyzed into free sphingoid bases such as C18 sphingosine (SO) and C18 sphinganine (SA) or can be further metabolized to C18 So-1-phosphate (S1P) and C18 Sa-1-phosphate (Sa1P) in keratinocytes. The significance of ceramide metabolites emerged from studies reporting altered levels of SO and SA in skin disorders and the role of S1P and Sa1P as signaling lipids. However, the overall metabolism of sphingoid bases and their phosphates during keratinocyte differentiation remains not fully understood. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed these Cer metabolites in the process of keratinocyte differentiation. Three distinct keratinocyte differentiation stages were prepared using 0.07 mM calcium (Ca2+) (proliferation stage), 1.2 mM Ca2+ (early differentiation stage) in serum-free medium, or serum-containing medium with vitamin C (50 µL/mL) (late differentiation stage). Serum-containing medium was also used to determine whether vitamin C increases the concentrations of sphingoid bases and their phosphates. The production of sphingoid bases and their phosphates after hydrolysis by alkaline phosphatase was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. Compared to cells treated with 0.07 mM Ca2+, levels of SO, SA, S1P, and SA1P were not altered after treatment with 1.2 mM Ca2+. However, in keratinocytes cultured in serum-containing medium with vitamin C, levels of SO, SA, S1P, and SA1P were dramatically higher than those in 0.07- and 1.2-mM Ca2+-treated cells; however, compared to serum-containing medium alone, vitamin C did not significantly enhance their production. Taken together, we demonstrate that late differentiation induced by vitamin C and serum was accompanied by dramatic increases in the concentration of sphingoid bases and their phosphates, although vitamin C alone had no effect on their production
Low cost production of computer-generated holograms: from design to optical evaluation
Modeling the index of refraction of insulating solids with a modified lorentz oscillator model
Refractive index measurement by fiber point diffraction longitudinal shearing interferometry
Excitonic Optical Spectrum of Semiconductors Obtained by Time-Dependent Density-Functional Theory with the Exact-Exchange Kernel
Graphene/Si-Quantum-Dot Heterojunction Diodes Showing High Photosensitivity Compatible with Quantum Confinement Effect
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