La "Fonologia" algueresa de Joan de Giorgio Vitelli

La Fonologia di Joan De Giorgio Vitelli, prima parte della sua incompiuta Grammatica, rappresenta un momento importante negli studi sul dialetto catalano di Alghero. Le ambizioni dell'autore e la vera portata del suo studio vanno inserite nell'ambiente filologico dei primi anni del secolo XX -innegabilmente confuso sia ad Alghero sia in Catalogna-, quando parve urgente indirizzare gli sforzi di tutti i linguisti verso la consolidazione di una Grarnmatica scientifica e, fondamentalmente, accettata dai principali settori della cultura ufficiale catalana. Fin'ora erano conosciuti i contributi diJoaep Palomba e di Joan Pais relativi a una Grarnmatica adatta all'algherese. La pubblicazione della Fonologia dijoan De Giorgio Vitelli, finora inedita, da coerenza al contributo filologico algherese e completa il quadro degli studi linguistici nella ciua sardo-catalana

Creencias erróneas y prejuicios hacia las personas mayores en la población general

Treball Final de Grau en Psicologia. Codi: PS1048. Curs: 2020/2021La discriminación hacia el adulto mayor por su edad, se encuentra fundamentada en creencias erróneas y prejuicios. Es frecuente pero poco aceptada y reportada. El objetivo principal de este estudio es describir la convicción en las creencias erróneas y prejuicios hacia las personas de la 3ª edad en la población general. Para ello se diseñó un cuestionario para medir el convencimiento en los prejuicios y creencias erróneas hacia las personas de la tercera edad en la población general. Posteriormente, se administró de manera online el cuestionario a personas mayores de edad con su previo consentimiento informado. En el estudio participaron 148 personas de entre 18 y 62 años. Los resultados del cuestionario analizados estadísticamente mostraron un conocimiento auténtico y unas actitudes no discriminatorias, en general, hacia las personas de la tercera edad. Se observaron diferencias entre sexos (masculino y femenino) en la comparación de medias mediante una prueba t para muestras independientes, lo que sugiere que las mujeres presentan una mayor comprensión y empatía hacia los adultos mayores y además están más predispuestas a ejercer el rol de cuidadoras. No se observaron diferencias significativas entre personas cuidadoras y no cuidadoras en los resultados. Sin embargo, se considera importante aumentar la muestra de participantes hombres y de personas de diferentes grupos etarios, para lograr una mayor representatividad de la población general. El estudio permite concluir que la población general no presenta, generalmente, creencias erróneas y prejuicios hacia la 3ª edad. También se concluye que las mujeres presentan una mayor comprensión y empatía hacia los adultos mayores. Lo que deja abiertas interesantes líneas de investigación, como la identificación del tipo de población donde más predominan los prejuicios hacia la tercera edad.Discrimination against the elderly people due to their age is based on erroneous beliefs and prejudices. It is frequent but little accepted and reported. The main objective of this study is to describe the conviction in erroneous beliefs and prejudices towards people of the 3rd age in the general population. For this, a questionnaire was designed to measure the belief in prejudices and erroneous beliefs towards the elderly in the general population. Subsequently, the questionnaire was administered online to people of legal age with their prior informed consent. The study involved 148 people between the ages of 18 and 62. The results of the statistically analyzed questionnaire are found in authentic knowledge and non-discriminatory attitudes, in general, towards the elderly. Differences between the sexes (male and female) were observed in the comparison of means by a t-test for independent samples, which suggests that women have a greater understanding and empathy towards older adults and are also more predisposed to exercise the role of caregivers . No significant differences were observed between caregivers and non-carers in the results. However, it is considered important to increase the sample of male participants and people of different age groups, in order to achieve a greater representation of the general population. The study allows us to conclude that the general population does not generally present erroneous beliefs and prejudices towards the third age. It is also concluded that women show greater understanding and empathy towards older adults. This leaves interesting lines of research open, such as the identification of the type of population where prejudice towards the elderly predominates

Seven years of pig slurry fertilization: impacts on soil chemical properties and the element content of winter barley plants

Intensive pig farming produces large amounts of slurry, which is applied to agricultural soils as fertilizer. A 7-year field study was performed to check the effect of pig slurry on soil properties and on the accumulation of some essential nutrients and heavy metals in a calcareous silty-loam soil (0-0.3 m) and in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) plants in two cropping seasons with contrasting amounts of rainfall. Five fertilization treatments, control (no N applied), mineral fertilizer (90 kg N ha(-1)), and different N doses of pig slurry (146, 281, 534 kg N ha(-1)), were applied at sowing of a barley crop. Organic carbon, available P and K, and total P in soil increased with slurry dose. No differences were found in Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Pb soil concentrations. Slurries increased Cu, Mn, and Zn extractions and plant concentrations of P in straw and Zn in grain. However, the lowest slurry rate was able to maintain the highest grain yields while improving fertility. The results of this research study support the sustainability of pig slurry fertilization at appropriate rates in relation to soil chemical quality.Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and the Spanish National Institute for Agricultural Research and Experimentation (MINECO-INIA) through the project RTA2017-88-C3-3. The author A. Shakoor received a grant from the University of Lleida for his PhD studies (from 2019 to 2022 period)

A programmable, multichannel power supply for SiPMs with temperature compensation loop and Ethernet interface

Among the different techniques available, the SiPM power supply described in this paper uses output voltage and sensor temperature feedback. A high-resolution ADC digitizes both the output voltage and an analog signal proportional to the SiPM temperature for each of its 16 independent outputs. The appropriate change in the bias voltage is computed in a micro-controller and this correction is applied via a high resolution DAC to the control input of a DC/DC module that produces the output voltage. This method allows a reduction in gain variations from typically 30% to only 0.5% in a 10ºC range. The power supply is housed in a 3U-height aluminum box. A 2.8 touch screen on the front panel provides local access to the configuration and monitoring functions using a graphical interface. The unit has an Ethernet interface on its rear side to provide remote operation and integration in slow control systems using the encrypted and secure SSH protocol. A LabVIEW application with SSH interface has been designed to operate the power supply from a remote computer. The power supply has good characteristics, such as 85 V output range with 1 mV resolution and stability better than 2 mVP, excellent output load regulation and programmable rise and fall voltage ramps. Commercial power supplies from well-known manufacturers can show far better specifications though can also result in an over featured and over costly solution for typical applications.The authors acknowledge support from the following agencies and institutions: the European Research Council (ERC) under the Advanced Grant 339787-NEXT; the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad of Spain under grants CONSOLIDER-Ingenio 2010 CSD2008-0037 (CUP), FIS2014-53371-C04 and the Severo Ochoa Program SEV-2014-0398; the Portuguese FCT and FEDER through the program COMPETE, project PTDC/FIS/103860/2008; the U.S. Department of Energy under contracts number DE-AC02-07CH11359 (Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory) and DE-FG02-13ER42020 (Texas A & and the University of Texas at Arlington.Querol-Segura, M.; Rodriguez-Samaniego, J.; Toledo Alarcón, JF.; Esteve Bosch, R.; Álvarez-Puerta, V.; Herrero Bosch, V. (2016). A programmable, multichannel power supply for SiPMs with temperature compensation loop and Ethernet interface. Journal of Instrumentation. 11(C12035). doi:10.1088/1748-0221/11/12/C12035S11C1203

The generosity with the reactive energy, avoids power blackouts of the electrical plants on board

In ships, the generation of energy is carried out by generator sets and short distances with a direct connection between generation and consumption. Traditionally, a power plant is designed with efficiency criteria and for resistive loads, being able to not adequately supply the current higher than the nominal one that demands, during a few seconds the direct start of an electrical motor. Traditionally Power Factor is 0,8, for a better stability with modern electrical loads, electrical motor and electronic converters, should be 0,4 or less. The usual on-board synchronous alternators, generate significant voltage drops in the event of 200% overloads, due to their internal reactance. This reactance is much higher than that of a transformer of the same power, which is why the starting current of an electric motor with half the power of the alternator, generates a much larger voltage dip than when it is powered by a transformer in a network of infinite power. Our terrestrial formation tends to assume the voltage stability, associated with the power supply, with transformers and to ignore the internal voltage drop of the generator, associated with the reactive energy demanded by inductive loads or rotating electrical machines. The internal voltage drop of the alternator due to an overload can be compensated with the (AVR) system, which acts on the excitation of the alternator, increasing its electromotive force (e.m.f.). It has a reaction time of about 100 ms, which significantly reduces the motor's starting performance, lengthening its acceleration transient. A more powerful alternator, with a lower internal reactance, is the best solution to reduce voltage dips. It does not significantly penalize friction because it has very high efficiency. Economically, this oversizing is cheaper than doing it on the Diesel. This paper, based in the PhD works of Mr Antonio Herrero Sabat, entitled “Contributions to the Stability of Marine Power Generation Plants, with Flywheels “, pending defence in (FNB-UPC).  Peer Reviewe

Bisphenol A in chronic kidney disease

Phenols are uremic toxins of intestinal origin formed by bacteria during protein metabolism. Of these molecules, p-cresol is the most studied and has been associated with renal function impairment and vascular damage. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a molecule with structural similarity with phenols found in plastic food and beverage containers as well as in some dialyzers. BPA is considered an environmental toxicant based on animal and cell culture studies. Japanese authorities recently banned BPA use in baby bottles based on observational association studies in newborns. BPA is excreted in urine and uremic patients present higher serum levels, but there is insufficient evidence to set cut-off levels or to link BPA to any harmful effect in CKD. However, the renal elimination and potential exposure during dialysis warrant the monitoring of BPA exposure and the design of observational studies in which the potential health risks of BPA for end-stage renal disease patients are evaluated.This research was supported by a grant from ISCIII and FEDER funds PS09/00447, Sociedad Española de Nefrologia, ISCIII-RETICREDinREN/RD06/0016, RD12/0021/,Comunidad de Madrid/CIFRA/S2010/BMD-2378, and salary support was from ERA/EDTA to Usama Elewa and Programa Intensificación Actividad Investigadora (ISCIII/Agencia Laín-Entralgo/CM) to Alberto Ortiz Arduán. ISC III (PI10/ 00072), RECAVA (RD06/0014/0038) and Lilly Foundation to Jesús Egido

Micro-generador termoeléctrico basado en contactos eléctricos pasantes

Micro-generador termoeléctrico que comprende porciones (P, N) de material semiconductor alternadas entre sí, que definen filas (3) de material semiconductor agrupadas formando al menos dos capas horizontales (4) de material semiconductor, estando dichas filas separadas verticalmente entre sí por láminas (1) de sustrato eléctricamente aislante y térmicamente conductor provistas de orificios pasantes (5) que conectan eléctricamente las porciones (P, N) de material semiconductor de una capa (4), con las porciones (N, P) de material semiconductor de la capa (4) inmediatamente superior, creando columnas (8) verticales de termopares (7)Peer reviewedUniversidad Politécnica de Valencia, Centro de Transferencia de Tecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasB1 Patente sin examen previ

The electronics of the energy plane of the NEXT-White detector

[EN] This paper describes the electronics of NEXT-White (NEW) detector PMT plane, a high pressure xenon TPC with electroluminescent amplification (HPXe-EL) currently operating at the Laboratorio Subterraneo de Canfranc (LSC) in Huesca, Spain. In NEXT-White the energy of the event is measured by a plane of photomultipliers (PMTs) located behind a transparent cathode. The PMTs are Hamamatsu R11410-10 chosen due to their low radioactivity. The electronics have been designed and implemented to fulfill strict requirements: an overall energy resolution below 1% and a radiopurity budget of 20 mBq unit(-1) in the chain of Bi-214. All the components and materials have been carefully screened to assure a low radioactivity level and at the same time meet the required front-end electronics specifications. In order to reduce low frequency noise effects and enhance detector safety a grounded cathode connection has been used for the PMTs. This implies an AC-coupled readout and baseline variations in the PMT signals. A detailed description of the electronics and a novel approach based on a digital baseline restoration to obtain a linear response and handle AC coupling effects is presented. The final PMT channel design has been characterized with linearity better than 0.4% and noise below 0.4mV.We acknowledge support from the following agencies and institutions: the European Research Council (ERC), Spain under the Advanced Grant 339787-NEXT; the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad of Spain under grants FIS2014-53371-C04, the Severo Ochoa Program, Spain SEV-2014-0398 and the Maria de Maetzu Program, Spain MDM-2016-0692; the GVA of Spain under grants PROMETEO/2016/120 and SEJI/2017/011; the Portuguese FCT and FEDER, Spain through the program COMPETE, projects PTDC/FIS-NUC/2525/2014 and UID/FIS/04559/2013; the U.S. Department of Energy under contracts number DE-AC02-07CH11359 (Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory), DE-FG02-13ER42020 (Texas A&M) and de-sc0017721 (University of Texas at Arlington); and the University of Texas at Arlington. We acknowledge partial support from the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, Spain under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreements No. 690575 and 674896. We also warmly acknowledge the Laboratorio Nazionale di Gran Sasso (LNGS) and the Dark Side collaboration for their help with TPB coating of various parts of the NEXT-White TPC. Finally, we are grateful to the Laboratorio Subterraneo de Canfranc for hosting and supporting the NEXT experiment.Álvarez-Puerta, V.; Herrero Bosch, V.; Esteve Bosch, R.; Laing, A.; Rodriguez-Samaniego, J.; Querol-Segura, M.; Monrabal, F.... (2019). The electronics of the energy plane of the NEXT-White detector. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment. 917:68-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2018.11.126S687691

Generación eléctrica a bordo: Eficiencia, control y protección: Tres criterios aparentemente antagonistas que deben respetarse en el diseño”

Una planta eléctrica diseñada exclusivamente con criterios de eficiencia, no es capaz de suministrar adecuadamente la corriente que demanda el propulsor transversal de proa durante su arranque. Es necesario un criterio de control de la excitación de estos alternadores, durante los episodios de arranque de propulsores eléctricos, que pueden durar algún segundo, suministrando corrientes superiores a la nominal. Debe mantenerse su tensión nominal en bornes en estos eventos. El sistema de protección, ha de monitorizar el tiempo que la corriente sobrepasa el valor nominal, desconectando las cargas si este tiempo supera lo admisible, garantizando que las temperaturas del conjunto no alcancen valores peligrosos. El sobredimensionamiento de los alternadores, es la solución más simple para alimentar propulsores eléctricos y sus arranques, manteniendo tensiones y energías reactivas en valores estables y controlados a nivel del milisegundo. Algunos astilleros no los sobredimensionan, centrados exclusivamente en criterios de eficiencia y coste, sin tener en cuenta el riesgo que asumen, sacrificando, sin saberlo, la estabilidad de las plantas eléctricas que instalan. Este trabajo, pretende ser una aportación tecnológica para resolver esta problemática de la propulsión Naval Diesel-Eléctrica, asegurando la alimentación de cargas dinámicas, con estabilidad y consumo de combustible óptimo.Postprint (published version

Global estimates of human papillomavirus vaccination coverage by region and income level: a pooled analysis

Background Since 2006, many countries have implemented publicly funded human papillomavirus (HPV) immunisation programmes. However, global estimates of the extent and impact of vaccine coverage are still unavailable. We aimed to quantify worldwide cumulative coverage of publicly funded HPV immunisation programmes up to 2014, and the potential impact on future cervical cancer cases and deaths. Methods Between Nov 1 and Dec 22, 2014, we systematically reviewed PubMed, Scopus, and official websites to identify HPV immunisation programmes worldwide, and retrieved age-specific HPV vaccination coverage rates up to October, 2014. To estimate the coverage and number of vaccinated women, retrieved coverage rates were converted into birth-cohort-specific rates, with an imputation algorithm to impute missing data, and applied to global population estimates and cervical cancer projections by country and income level. Findings From June, 2006, to October, 2014, 64 countries nationally, four countries subnationally, and 12 overseas territories had implemented HPV immunisation programmes. An estimated 118 million women had been targeted through these programmes, but only 1% were from low-income or lower-middle-income countries. 47 million women (95% CI 39–55 million) received the full course of vaccine, representing a total population coverage of 1·4% (95% CI 1·1–1·6), and 59 million women (48–71 million) had received at least one dose, representing a total population coverage of 1·7% (1·4–2·1). In more developed regions, 33·6% (95% CI 25·9–41·7) of females aged 10–20 years received the full course of vaccine, compared with only 2·7% (1·8–3·6) of females in less developed regions. The impact of the vaccine will be higher in upper-middle-income countries (178 192 averted cases by age 75 years) than in high-income countries (165 033 averted cases), despite the lower number of vaccinated women (13·3 million vs 32·2 million). Interpretation Many women from high-income and upper-middle-income countries have been vaccinated against HPV. However, populations with the highest incidence and mortality of disease remain largely unprotected. Rapid roll-out of the vaccine in low-income and middle-income countries might be the only feasible way to narrow present inequalities in cervical cancer burden and prevention