Incubación de empresas, actividad emprendedora y generación de conocimiento en el marco de la relación empresa-universidad-gobierno

En la actualidad, el conocimiento y la innovación son factores clave en los procesos de mejora económica y progresión social. Por tal motivo, las lógicas productivas y de articulación social requieren estar orientadas a generar y difundir información y conocimiento. Desde esta perspectiva, los aspectos intangibles de producción basados en el “saber hacer” son la piedra angular de la dinámica económica y social. Esta era, definida como la economía o la sociedad del conocimiento, se identifica como la estructura o sistema que orienta sus actividades productivas, organizacionales, sociales e institucionales para producir, acumular y transmitir conocimiento, basado en el impulso a la innovación, el espíritu emprendedor y el dinamismo económico. Uno de los ámbitos sustanciales al construir comunidades del aber se localiza en la configuración de vínculos entre universidades, industrias y gobiernos, acto trascendental para potenciar el emprendimiento y generar un ambiente innovador. Una manera de materializar este nuevo contexto productivo es mediante las incubadoras de empresas: estructuras capaces de fortalecer las habilidades del emprendedor, al tiempo que crean y transmiten conocimiento para generar nuevas tecnologías, la creación de empleos y el crecimiento económico, tanto en el ámbito local como nacional. La presente obra contiene diversos resultados de investigación que, desde distintos ángulos teóricos y empíricos, permiten analizar cómo emprender e incubar empresas, la gestión del conocimiento en organizaciones y las condiciones regionales de innovación, ofreciendo contribuciones interesantes en temas medulares que ayudan a entender mejor lo que se define como una economía o sociedad del conocimiento.Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Méxic

Impact of FLT3–ITD Mutation Status and Its Ratio in a Cohort of 2901 Patients Undergoing Upfront Intensive Chemotherapy: A PETHEMA Registry Study

FLT3–ITD results in a poor prognosis in terms of overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the prognostic usefulness of the allelic ratio (AR) to select post-remission therapy remains controversial. Our study focuses on the prognostic impact of FLT3–ITD and its ratio in a series of 2901 adult patients treated intensively in the pre-FLT3 inhibitor era and reported in the PETHEMA registry. A total of 579 of these patients (20%) harbored FLT3–ITD mutations. In multivariate analyses, patients with an FLT3–ITD allele ratio (AR) of >0.5 showed a lower complete remission (CR rate) and OS (HR 1.47, p = 0.009), while AR > 0.8 was associated with poorer RFS (HR 2.1; p 0.5). Using the maximally selected log-rank statistics, we established an optimal cutoff of FLT3–ITD AR of 0.44 for OS, and 0.8 for RFS. We analyzed the OS and RFS according to FLT3–ITD status in all patients, and we found that the group of FLT3–ITD-positive patients with AR 0.44, allo-HSCT was superior to auto-HSCT in terms of OS and RFS. This study provides more evidence for a better characterization of patients with AML harboring FLT3–ITD mutations.This study was fundedby Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) through the project PI19/01518 and PI19/00730 and co- funded by the European Union, the CRIS Against Cancer Foundation, grant 2018/001, and by the Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (IMAS12). APeer reviewe

Effectiveness of a cognitive behavioral intervention in patients with medically unexplained symptoms: cluster randomized trial

BACKGROUND: Medically unexplained symptoms are an important mental health problem in primary care and generate a high cost in health services.Cognitive behavioral therapy and psychodynamic therapy have proven effective in these patients. However, there are few studies on the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions by primary health care. The project aims to determine whether a cognitive-behavioral group intervention in patients with medically unexplained symptoms, is more effective than routine clinical practice to improve the quality of life measured by the SF-12 questionary at 12 month. METHODS/DESIGN: This study involves a community based cluster randomized trial in primary healthcare centres in Madrid (Spain). The number of patients required is 242 (121 in each arm), all between 18 and 65 of age with medically unexplained symptoms that had seeked medical attention in primary care at least 10 times during the previous year. The main outcome variable is the quality of life measured by the SF-12 questionnaire on Mental Healthcare. Secondary outcome variables include number of consultations, number of drug (prescriptions) and number of days of sick leave together with other prognosis and descriptive variables. Main effectiveness will be analyzed by comparing the percentage of patients that improve at least 4 points on the SF-12 questionnaire between intervention and control groups at 12 months. All statistical tests will be performed with intention to treat. Logistic regression with random effects will be used to adjust for prognostic factors. Confounding factors or factors that might alter the effect recorded will be taken into account in this analysis. DISCUSSION: This study aims to provide more insight to address medically unexplained symptoms, highly prevalent in primary care, from a quantitative methodology. It involves intervention group conducted by previously trained nursing staff to diminish the progression to the chronicity of the symptoms, improve quality of life, and reduce frequency of medical consultations. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01484223 [http://ClinicalTrials.gov].S

Complement component C4 structural variation and quantitative traits contribute to sex-biased vulnerability in systemic sclerosis

Altres ajuts: Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), "A way of making Europe".Copy number (CN) polymorphisms of complement C4 play distinct roles in many conditions, including immune-mediated diseases. We investigated the association of C4 CN with systemic sclerosis (SSc) risk. Imputed total C4, C4A, C4B, and HERV-K CN were analyzed in 26,633 individuals and validated in an independent cohort. Our results showed that higher C4 CN confers protection to SSc, and deviations from CN parity of C4A and C4B augmented risk. The protection contributed per copy of C4A and C4B differed by sex. Stronger protection was afforded by C4A in men and by C4B in women. C4 CN correlated well with its gene expression and serum protein levels, and less C4 was detected for both in SSc patients. Conditioned analysis suggests that C4 genetics strongly contributes to the SSc association within the major histocompatibility complex locus and highlights classical alleles and amino acid variants of HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DPB1 as C4-independent signals

Crisis y políticas urbanas. Vulnerabilidades y potencialidades en el caso de la ciudad de Sevilla

El objetivo principal de este artículo es analizar algunos efectos de la crisis económica en la ciudad de Sevilla, desde el punto de vista de los discursos generados por diferentes actores, institucionales y no institucionales, con respecto a la crisis económica. Más concretamente se pretende, por un lado,  dar cuenta de  las principales vulnerabilidades, a partir de indicadores construidos al efecto, y de las potencialidades que podrían estar en la base del diseño de nuevas políticas o, cuando menos, de estrategias de salida.  Por otro lado,  se observará en los discursos enunciados por actores relevantes en la ciudad, su visión sobre las vulnerabilidades y potencialidades, centrando el análisis en las estrategias y propuestas de políticas urbanas que, según estos mismos actores, se deberían  diseñar e implementar.Dar cuenta de todo ello ha supuesto un trabajo de análisis descriptivo mediante datos secundarios de los principales indicadores sociales y políticos  y la realización y análisis de once entrevistas a informantes claves de diversos ámbitos de la ciudad.  La muestra ha sido construida con un criterio posicional incluyendo representantes de sectores socio-políticos de ámbitos institucionales y no institucionales. Los resultados obtenidos, en general, permiten concluir que, además del consabido impacto de la crisis en las grandes ciudades, en este caso concreto ha hecho visible vulnerabilidades pre-existentes, potencialidades no consideradas y una alta dualidad entre dos posiciones antagónicas ante la toma de decisiones públicas, que se revela como una nueva vulnerabilidad. 

Incubación de empresas, actividad emprendedora y generación de conocimiento en el marco de la relación empresa-universidad-gobierno

La presente publicación representa el esfuerzo de investigación en temas trascendentales para el quehacer académico de la Facultad de Economía, ya que incluye contribuciones sobre temas escasamente tratados desde la vertiente económica. En específico, aborda cuestiones sobre gestión del conocimiento, las incubadoras de empresas, el emprendimiento, el desarrollo rural sustentable, los sistemas de innovación, las ciudades del conocimiento y estudios sobre género y la participación de las mujeres en spin-off universitarias.Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Méxic

Effectiveness of a cognitive behavioral intervention in patients with medically unexplained symptoms: cluster randomized trial

Abstract Background Medically unexplained symptoms are an important mental health problem in primary care and generate a high cost in health services. Cognitive behavioral therapy and psychodynamic therapy have proven effective in these patients. However, there are few studies on the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions by primary health care. The project aims to determine whether a cognitive-behavioral group intervention in patients with medically unexplained symptoms, is more effective than routine clinical practice to improve the quality of life measured by the SF-12 questionary at 12 month. Methods/design This study involves a community based cluster randomized trial in primary healthcare centres in Madrid (Spain). The number of patients required is 242 (121 in each arm), all between 18 and 65 of age with medically unexplained symptoms that had seeked medical attention in primary care at least 10 times during the previous year. The main outcome variable is the quality of life measured by the SF-12 questionnaire on Mental Healthcare. Secondary outcome variables include number of consultations, number of drug (prescriptions) and number of days of sick leave together with other prognosis and descriptive variables. Main effectiveness will be analyzed by comparing the percentage of patients that improve at least 4 points on the SF-12 questionnaire between intervention and control groups at 12 months. All statistical tests will be performed with intention to treat. Logistic regression with random effects will be used to adjust for prognostic factors. Confounding factors or factors that might alter the effect recorded will be taken into account in this analysis. Discussion This study aims to provide more insight to address medically unexplained symptoms, highly prevalent in primary care, from a quantitative methodology. It involves intervention group conducted by previously trained nursing staff to diminish the progression to the chronicity of the symptoms, improve quality of life, and reduce frequency of medical consultations. Trial registration The trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01484223 [http://ClinicalTrials.gov].</p

Geodivulgar: Geología y Sociedad

Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y PaleontologíaDepto. de Química InorgánicaDepto. de Didáctica de las Ciencias Experimentales , Sociales y MatemáticasFac. de Ciencias GeológicasFac. de Ciencias QuímicasFac. de EducaciónFALSEsubmitte