Implementación de un sistema de gestión de tecnología en una PYME de acuerdo con los estándares de la norma NMX-GT-003-IMNC-2008

El objetivo de este trabajo fue implementar un sistema de gestión de la innovación y tecnología alineado a los estándares de la norma NMX-GT-003-IMNC. Asimismo, lograr que la empresa PYME participante haga uso del sistema de gestión de tecnología para mejorar su competitividad en el mercado. Se pretende que la empresa sea capaz de realizar las siguientes actividades: vigilar de manera eficiente aquellas tecnologías que puedan impactar el mercado en el que se encuentra; elaborar una planeación tecnológica eficaz con base en sus recursos tecnológicos actuales y por obtener; adquirir, asimilar y habilitar nuevas tecnologías; definir una política de protección tecnológica y realizar acciones para protegerla; y llevar a cabo proyectos para introducir nuevos procesos, productos, servicios en el mercado haciendo uso de las nuevas tecnologías

Optical characterization of ALD-coated nanoporous alumina structures: effect of sample geometry or coated layer material

Optical characterization of nanoporous alumina-based structures (NPA-bSs), obtained by ALD deposition of a thin conformal SiO2 layer on two alumina nanosupports with different geometrical parameters (pore size and interpore distance), was performed by two noninvasive and nondestructive techniques such as spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) and photoluminescence (Ph) spectra. SE measurements allow us to estimate the refraction index and extinction coefficient for the studied samples and their dependence with wavelength for the 250–1700 nm interval, showing the effect of sample geometry and cover-layer material (SiO2, TiO2, or Fe2O3), which significantly affect the oscillatory character of both parameters, as well as changes associated with the light incidence angle, which are attributed to surface impurities and inhomogeneity. Photoluminescence curves exhibit a similar shape independently of sample pore-size/porosity, but they seem to affect intensity values. This analysis shows the potential application of these NPA-bSs platforms to nanophotonics, optical sensing, or biosensing.Partial funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málag

Screening and quantification of micro(nano)plastics and plastic additives in the seawater of Mar Menor lagoon

In this work a suspect-screening approach was employed to assess the polymers and plastic additives of micro(nano)plastics (NPL/MPLs) of size ranges from the nm range to 20 μm present in seawater from the top 5 cm of the Mar Menor lagoon during two sampling campaigns (summer and winter), as well of other potentially adsorbed compounds onto the plastic particles surfaces and suspended material. The identification of NPL/MPLs has been based on characteristic Kendrick Mass Defect analysis for each polymer type in mass spectra. The applied methodology allowed to identify NPLs/MPLs of polystyrene (PS), polyethylene (PE), polyisoprene (PI), polybutadiene (PBD), polypropylene (PP), polyamides (PA), polyvinylchloride (PVC), n-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAm), and polydimethylsiloxanes. In addition, PS, PE, PI, PBD, PP, PA, and PVC were confirmed with standards, and the equivalent concentrations were quantified. The results of this study showed that most frequently found compounds were PP, PE, PA and PNIPAm, while the compound found at higher concentrations was by far PP reaching the 9,303 ± 366 ng/mL in one of the samples. A total number of 135 chemical compounds were tentatively identified, 74 of them plastic additives and compounds used in the polymers manufacture or coming from the polymer’s decomposition. In relation to plastic additives, the more frequently tentatively identified compounds were plasticizers such as phthalates group; stabilizers such as antioxidants (e.g., distearyl 3,3′-thiodipropionate, 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone), and UV filters as benzotriazoles. Several flame retardants of the group of phosphates were as well detected. The other compounds tentatively identified in the samples were pharmaceuticals, pesticides, food additives, flavors and natural products that were attached onto the plastic particles and particulate matter from surrounding waters. In regards to the seasonal variation, during the summer a major number of compounds were tentatively detected, while de concentrations of polymers were slightly higher in winter. The spatial distribution showed higher contamination in the southern part of the coastal lagoon.Postprin

A highly-safe live auxotrophic vaccine protecting against disease caused by non-typhoidal Salmonella Typhimurium in mice

Background: Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) has become an important intestinal pathogen worldwide and is responsible for lethal invasive infections in populations at risk. There is at present an unmet need for preventive vaccines. Methods: IRTA GN-3728 genome was sequenced by Illumina and D-glutamate and D-glutamate/D-alanine knockout-auxotrophs were constructed. They were characterized using electron microscopy, growth/viability curves, reversion analysis, and motility/agglutination assays. Their potential as vaccine candidates were explored using two BALB/c mouse models for Salmonella infections: a systemic and an intestinal inflammation. Clinical signs/body weight and survival were monitored, mucosal lactoferrin and specific/cross-reactive IgA/IgG were quantified by enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assays and bacterial shedding/burden in fecal/tissues were evaluated. Results: The D-glutamate auxotroph, IRTA DmurI, is highly attenuated, immunogenic and fully protective against systemic infection. The IRTA DmurI Dalr DdadX double auxotroph, constructed to reinforce vaccine safety, showed a higher level of attenuation and was 100% effective against systemic disease. In the intestinal model, it proved to be safe, yielding a lowdegree of mucosal inflammation, short-term shedding and undetectable invasiveness in the long-term, while eliciting cross-reactive fecal IgA/serum IgG against clinically relevant multidrug-resistant (MDR) S. Typhimurium strains. It also conferred protection against homologous oral challenge, and protected mice from local and extra-intestinal dissemination caused by one MDR strain responsible for an international outbreak of highly severe human infections. Additionally, oral vaccination promoted extended survival after lethal heterologous infection. Conclusion: This study yielded a very safe S. Typhimurium vaccine candidate that could be further refined for mucosal application against disease in humans.This study was supported by a grant from SERGAS (The Galician Healthcare Service) (Programs “InnovaSaude” and “InnovaMicrolab”), the Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (RD16/0016/0006), CIBERINFEC, project PI18/00501, funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III and cofunded by European Union (ERDF, “A way to make Europe”), and PI21/00704, funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and co-funded by the European Union, awarded to GB, and by CZ Vaccines. VFV is funded by a predoctoral fellowship from Xunta de Galicia (IN606A-2019/012).S

Canal dehiscence syndrome of the superior semicircular: In a case purpose

Indexación: Web of Science; ScieloEl síndrome de dehiscencia de canal semicircular superior (DCSS) es una patología descrita en 1998 por Minor y cols, presenta síntomas diversos incluido vértigo inducido por el sonido, hipoacusia y autofonía por la falta de cobertura ósea en dicho canal. El diagnóstico se basa en la clínica y la confirmación se obtiene mediante la tomografía computarizada de peñasco. El tratamiento será expectante o reparación quirúrgica de la continuidad si la clínica es incapacitante. En este artículo se presenta un caso clínico de DCSS con síntomas auditivos y vestibulares al emitir el fonema "mmm".The superior semicircular dehiscence síndrome is a pathology described en 1998 by Minor et al. Which presents several symptoms incluid sound induced vértigo, hearing loss and autophony due to bone dehiscense of this semicircular canal. The diagnosis was based on clinical and confirmation is given by the temporal bone CT. Treatment is expectant or surgical repair of continuity if the clinic is disabling. In this paper we present a case of DCSS with auditory and vestibular symptoms in issuing the phoneme "mmm".http://ref.scielo.org/jbys2

Influence of a Concurrent Exercise Training Intervention during Pregnancy on Maternal and Arterial and Venous Cord Serum Cytokines: The GESTAFIT Project

The aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of a supervised concurrent exercise-training program, from the 17th gestational week until delivery, on cytokines in maternal (at 17th and 35th gestational week, and at delivery) and arterial and venous cord serum. Fifty-eight Caucasian pregnant women (age: 33.5 +/- 4.7 years old, body mass index: 23.6 +/- 4.1kg/m(2)) from the GESTAFIT Project (exercise (n = 37) and control (n = 21) groups) participated in this quasi-experimental study (per-protocol basis). The exercise group followed a 60-min 3 days/week concurrent (aerobic-resistance) exercise-training from the 17th gestational week to delivery. Maternal and arterial and venous cord serum cytokines (fractalkine, interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, interferon (IFN)-gamma, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha) were assessed using Luminex xMAP technology. In maternal serum (after adjusting for the baseline values of cytokines), the exercise group decreased TNF-alpha (from baseline to 35th week, p = 0.02), and increased less IL-1 beta (from baseline to delivery, p = 0.03) concentrations than controls. When adjusting for other potential confounders, these differences became non-significant. In cord blood, the exercise group showed reduced arterial IL-6 and venous TNF-alpha (p = 0.03 and p = 0.001, respectively) and higher concentrations of arterial IL-1 beta (p = 0.03) compared to controls. The application of concurrent exercise-training programs could be a strategy to modulate immune responses in pregnant women and their fetuses. However, future research is needed to better understand the origin and clearance of these cytokines, their role in the maternal-placental-fetus crosstalk, and the influence of exercise interventions on them

Cuestionario de calidad del cuidado de enfermería (CUCACE): Validez y fiabilidad en Colombia

Objetive To determine the validity and reliability of the CUCACE (Quality of Nursing Care Questionnaire) in Colombia. Every day there is a growing interest in measuring the quality of care received from nursing personnel as a tangible element of care; however, not having reliable and valid instruments is an obstacle, especially in Colombia. Method A psychometric and evaluative instrumental study was conducted. Data of interest from CUCACE filled out in Spanish were extracted together with demographic information of the participants. Results Confirmed the validity of the content and construct validity of the scales of care, attention to nursing care and the perception of care in a Colombian hospital. Cronbach’s alpha was higher than 0.7, and its reliability is accepted in the context. Conclusion The CUCACE is adequate to measure the satisfaction and experience of patients with nursing care in the Colombian context. The questionnaire with its two scales is useful, clear, precise, valid and reliable to evaluate the quality of nursing care.Objetivo Determinar la validez y confiabilidad del CUCACE (Cuestionario de Calidad de la Atención de Enfermería) en Colombia. Cada día hay un interés creciente en medir la calidad de la atención recibida por parte del personal de enfermería como elemento tangible de la atención; sin embargo, un obstáculo para medir la satisfacción del paciente es la no tenencia de instrumentos confiables y válidos, especialmente en Colombia. Método Se realizó un estudio instrumental psicométrico y evaluativo. Se extrajeron datos de interés del CUCACE cumplimentados en español, junto con la información demográfica de los participantes. Resultados Se confirmó la validez del contenido y construcción de las escalas de atención, atención al cuidado de enfermería y percepción del cuidado en un hospital colombiano. El alfa de Cronbach fue superior a 0,7; por lo tanto su fiabilidad se acepta en el contexto. Conclusión El CUCACE es adecuado para medir la satisfacción y experiencia de los pacientes con los cuidados de enfermería en el contexto colombiano. El cuestionario con sus dos escalas es útil, claro, preciso, válido y confiable para evaluar la calidad de la atención de enfermería

Generación de patrones de corte óptimos para árboles individuales a partir de productos demandados en plantaciones comerciales

In the management of forest plantations decisions on tree bucking are important as they directly affect profitability. Proper and efficient use of stems is necessary in order to maximize the economic benefits derived from the forestry sector. There are various possible combinations for sizing and assigning different forest products according to market requirements. This study aims to develop a methodology based on heuristics and dynamic programming for bucking optimization of individual stems to maximize the economic value of the tree. The evaluation of bucking models was conducted through a practical application on stems of Eucalyptus tereticornis growing on the Colombian Atlantic coast. An algorithm for generating potential points along the commercial bole of the tree was used and an algorithm based on dynamic programming determined the optimal combination of products to be obtained in the evaluated stem, by imposing constraints on the model based on the size of the demanded products. A comparison of the results obtained with a simulation of sequential bucking did not find any difference between the two methods, mainly due to the marked differentiation between products used in the practical example. This methodology can be used to optimize the bucking of any species that has taper functions to predict upper-stem diameters and heights and commercial volumes along the stem.En el manejo de plantaciones forestales, la decisión sobre el trozado de árboles es importante, ya que está relacionada directamente con la rentabilidad de la operación. Para maximizar los beneficios económicos derivados del negocio forestal, es necesaria una adecuada y eficiente utilización de los fustes, pues existen diversas combinaciones posibles para dimensionar y asignar los diferentes productos forestales, de acuerdo con las exigencias del mercado. El objetivo de este estudio es desarrollar una metodología basada en técnicas heurísticas y de programación dinámica para la optimización del trozado de fustes individuales que permita maximizar el valor económico del árbol. Los modelos desarrollados se evalúan poniéndolos en práctica en el trozado de fustes deEucalyptus tereticornis, que crece en la costa atlántica colombiana. Se utilizó un algoritmo para la generación de puntos potenciales de corte a lo largo del fuste comercial del árbol, y un algoritmo basado en programación dinámica determinó la combinación óptima de productos que debe ser obtenida en el fuste evaluado, imponiéndose al modelo restricciones debidas a las dimensiones de los productos demandados. Los resultados obtenidos fueron comparados con la simulación de un trozado secuencial, en la cual no se encontró ninguna diferencia entre los dos métodos, debido principalmente a la marcada diferenciación entre productos empleados en el ejemplo práctico. La metodología desarrollada puede ser utilizada para la optimización del trozado de cualquier especie que cuente con funciones de ahusamiento que permitan predecir diámetros y alturas fustales y volúmenes comerciales a lo largo del fuste