Active Vision Therapy for Anisometropic Amblyopia in Children: A Systematic Review

Purpose. The aim of the study was evaluation of the scientific evidence about the efficacy of vision therapy in children and teenagers with anisometropic amblyopia by performing a systematic literature review. Methods. A search was performed using 3 searching strategies in 4 different databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and PruQuest). The quality of the included articles was evaluated using two tools for the risk of bias assessment, ROBINS-I for nonrandomized studies of intervention (NRSI), and ROB 2.0 for randomized clinical trials. Results. The search showed 1274 references, but only 8 of them passed the inclusion criteria after the complete text review. The articles that were finally included comprised 2 randomized control trials and 6 nonrandomized studies of intervention. These articles provided evidence supporting the efficacy of vision therapy for the treatment of anisometropic amblyopia in children and teenagers. Assessment of the risk of bias showed an appropriate risk of bias for the randomized control trials, but a high risk of bias for nonrandomized studies of intervention (NRSI). A main source of risk of bias for NRSI was the domain related to the measurements of the outcomes, due to a lack of double-blind studies. Conclusion. Vision therapy is a promising option for the treatment of anisometropic amblyopia in children and teenagers. However, the level of scientific evidence provided by the studies revised is still limited, and further randomized clinical trials are necessary to confirm the results provided to date and to optimize the vision therapy techniques by knowing the specific neural mechanisms involved.The author David P Piñero was supported by the Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness of Spain within the program Ramón y Cajal, RYC-2016-20471

High-pressure tuning of d-d crystal-field electronic transitions and electronic band gap in Co(I O3)2

High-pressure optical-absorption measurements performed on polycrystalline Co ( I O 3 ) 2 samples were used to characterize the influence of pressure on the electronic d – d transitions associated with Co 2 + and the fundamental band gap of Co ( I O 3 ) 2 . The results shed light on the electron-lattice coupling and show that Co ( I O 3 ) 2 exhibits an unusual behavior because the compression of Co–O bond distances is not coupled to pressure-induced changes induced in the unit-cell volume. Experimental results on the internal d – d transitions of Co 2 + have been explained based on changes in the constituent Co O 6 octahedral units using the semiempirical Tanabe-Sugano diagram. Our findings support that the high-spin ground state ( 4 T 1 ) is very stable in Co ( I O 3 ) 2 . We have also determined the band-gap energy of Co ( I O 3 ) 2 and its pressure dependence which is highly nonlinear. According to density-functional theory band-structure calculations, this nonlinearity occurs because the bottom of the conduction band is dominated by I-5p orbitals and the top of the valence band by Co-3d and O-2p orbitals, and because the Co–O and I–O bond lengths exhibit different pressure dependences.This work was supported by the Generalitat Valenciana under Project No. PROMETEO 2018/123-EFIMAT and by the Spanish Research Agency (AEI) and Spanish Ministry of Science and Investigation (MCIN) under Projects No. PID2019106383GB-C41/C43 (DOI: 10.13039/501100011033) cofinanced by EU FEDER funds, No. PGC2018-101464-B-I00, and No. RED2018-102612-T. A.L. and D.E. thank the Generalitat Valenciana for the Ph.D. Fellowship No. GRISOLIAP/2019/025. R.T. acknowledges funding from the Spanish MINECO via the Juan de la Cierva Formación program (Grant No. FJC2018-036185-I).

Corso, un buldog con ansiedad por separación

Se describe un caso de ansiedad por separación en un Buldog Francés macho de 1,7 años de edad. Sus dueños acuden a la consulta, ya que Corso destroza todo cuando se queda solo en casa. En un primer momento fue el salón, en donde fue necesario realizar obras de reparación de los destrozos provocados por el paciente. En la actualidad es un pasillo, su nueva ubicación cuando está solo. El tratamiento se compuso de tres partes: terapia farmacológica consistente en Trankimazin 1mg 1/24h y Fluoxetina 20mg 1/24h, la modificación de su entorno y una modificación de conducta, facilitada por el propio tratamiento farmacológico. Siete meses después, tras varios seguimientos, Corso es dado el alta, prolongándole el tratamiento farmacológico de Fluoxetina, media dosis durante un mes más.Privateering is described to a case of separation anxiety in a French Bulldog of 1,7 years, called Corso. The owners go to the clinic because Corso destroys everything when left alone at home. Initially was the living room where they had to make repairs of damage caused by Corso. Currently is a corridor, its new location when left alone. Treatment consisted of three parts: first the pharmacological treatment Trankimazin 1mg 1/24h and Fluoxetina 20mg 1/24h, then changing his environment and also a behavior modification helped by the pharmalogical treatment. Seven months later, and after several follow-ups, Corso was medical discharged but the pharmacological treatment was maintained for a month with half dose of Fluoxetina

Shallow buried SiN x layers

Copyright (2000) American Institute of Physics. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the American Institute of Physics. The following article appeared in Journal of Applied Physics 87.1 (2000): 8201-8203 and may be found at http://jap.aip.org

Examination of the Feynman-Hibbs Approach in the Study of NeN_N-Coronene Clusters at Low Temperatures

Feynman-Hibbs (FH) effective potentials constitute an appealing approach for investigations of many-body systems at thermal equilibrium since they allow us to easily include quantum corrections within standard classical simulations. In this work we apply the FH formulation to the study of Ne$_N$-coronene clusters ($N=$ 1-4, 14) in the 2-14 K temperature range. Quadratic (FH2) and quartic (FH4) contributions to the effective potentials are built upon Ne-Ne and Ne-coronene analytical potentials. In particular, a new corrected expression for the FH4 effective potential is reported. FH2 and FH4 cluster energies and structures -obtained from energy optimization through a basin-hoping algorithm as well as classical Monte Carlo simulations- are reported and compared with reference path integral Monte Carlo calculations. For temperatures $T> 4$ K, both FH2 and FH4 potentials are able to correct the purely classical calculations in a consistent way. However, the FH approach fails at lower temperatures, especially the quartic correction. It is thus crucial to assess the range of applicability of this formulation and, in particular, to apply the FH4 potentials with great caution. A simple model of $N$ isotropic harmonic oscillators allows us to propose a means of estimating the cut-off temperature for the validity of the method, which is found to increase with the number of atoms adsorbed on the coronene molecule

A New Simulated Annealing Algorithm for the Multiple Sequence Alignment Problem: The approach of Polymers in a Random Media

We proposed a probabilistic algorithm to solve the Multiple Sequence Alignment problem. The algorithm is a Simulated Annealing (SA) that exploits the representation of the Multiple Alignment between $D$ sequences as a directed polymer in $D$ dimensions. Within this representation we can easily track the evolution in the configuration space of the alignment through local moves of low computational cost. At variance with other probabilistic algorithms proposed to solve this problem, our approach allows for the creation and deletion of gaps without extra computational cost. The algorithm was tested aligning proteins from the kinases family. When D=3 the results are consistent with those obtained using a complete algorithm. For $D>3$ where the complete algorithm fails, we show that our algorithm still converges to reasonable alignments. Moreover, we study the space of solutions obtained and show that depending on the number of sequences aligned the solutions are organized in different ways, suggesting a possible source of errors for progressive algorithms.Comment: 7 pages and 11 figure

Temperature measurements on ES steel sheets subjected to perforation by hemispherical projectiles

In this paper is reported a study on the behaviour of ES mild steel sheets subjected to perforation by hemispherical projectiles. Experiments have been conducted using a pneumatic cannon within the range of impact velocities 5m/s<=V0<=60m/s. The experimental setup allowed evaluating initial velocity, failure mode and post-mortem deflection of the plates. The tests have been recorded using high speed infrared camera. It made possible to obtain temperature contours of the specimen during impact. Thus, special attention is focussed on the thermal softening of the material which is responsible for instabilities and failure. Assuming adiabatic conditions of deformation, the increase of temperature may be related to the plastic deformation. The critical strain leading to target-failure is evaluated coupling temperature measurements with numerical simulations and with analytical predictions obtained by means of the Rusinek-Klepaczko constitutive relation [Rusinek, A., Klepaczko, J.R. Shear testing of sheet steel at wide range of strain rates and a constitutive relation with strain rate and temperature dependence of the flow stress. Int J Plasticity. 2001; 17, 87-115]. It has been estimated that the process of localization of plastic deformation which leads to target-failure involves local values close to for the boundary value problem approached. Subsequently, this failure strain level has been applied to simulate the perforation process and the numerical results obtained show satisfactory agreement with the experiments in terms of ballistic limit, temperature increase and failure mode of the target.The researchers of the University Carlos III of Madrid are indebted to the Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid (Project CCG08 UC3M/MAT 4464) and to the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación de España (Project DPI/2008 06408)Publicad

Running Economy: Reproductibility at submaximal high speed

INTRODUCTION: The running economy (RE) has been traditionally determined by measuring the steady-state consumption of oxygen at a specific speed; however few studies has been designed to evaluate the reproductibility of the RE at a high rate of maximum oxygen consumption after repeated submaximal efforts within the same session. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was valuate if the reproductibility of running economy at submaximal high speed could be affected by two previous submaximal efforts. METHODS: In this study participated 19 subjects (mean±SD; age, 21.8±2.5 years; body mass, 71.0±10.6 and height, 175.2±8.1). During three days of assessment separately for at least 24h of recovery, subjects performed the following tests. Day 1 a maximum incremental test, to determine the intensities. Day 2 a test of running economy at 80% of VO2max. Day 3 a test of running economy at 30, 70 and 80% of VO2max separated by 5 min of recovery. t-student test was conducted to measure test-retest differences in RE the p value were set al ≤0.05. RESULTS: No significant differences were found in the Running Economy at 80% of VO2max determined in both economy tests RE 220.1± 21.6vs 219.6±20.6 (ml·kg-1·km-1), ICC; 0.92, CV; 4.4 ± 2.6. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study showed exercises sessions at 30 and 70 of VO2max performed before the submaximal exercise test (80% of VO2max) did not affected the RE during an exercise test performed at 80% of VO2max